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Vergil · Aeneid XI

Aeneid 11.397–444

Turnus refuses to yield

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Aen. 11.397et quōs mīlle diē victor sub Tartara mīsī,
inclūsus mūrīs hostīlīque aggere saeptus.
and the thousand I sent down to Tartarus in one day as victor, shut in by walls and hemmed by the enemy's rampart.
Aen. 11.399Nūlla salūs bellō."There is no safety in war." Aen. 11.399Capitī cane tālia, dēmēns,
400Dardaniō rēbusque tuīs.
Sing such things, madman, for the Dardanian's head and for your own fortunes.
Aen. 11.400Proinde omnia magnō
nē cessā turbāre metū atque extollere vīrēs
gentis bis victae, contrā premere arma Latīnī.
So go on, do not cease to throw everything into confusion with great fear, to exalt the strength of a race twice conquered, and, on the other hand, to belittle the arms of Latinus.
Aen. 11.403Nunc et Myrmidonum procerēs Phrygia arma tremēscunt,
nunc et Tȳdīdēs et Larissaeus Achillēs,
405amnis et Hadriacās retrō fugit Aufidus undās.
Now even the chiefs of the Myrmidons tremble at Phrygian arms, now Tydeus' son and Larissaean Achilles, and the river Aufidus flees backwards from the Adriatic waves.
Aen. 11.406Vel cum sē pavidum contrā mea iūrgia fingit
artificis scelus et formīdine crīmen acerbat.
Or when the crafty villain pretends to be afraid of my reproaches and makes his slander more bitter by his fear.

Aen. 11.408Numquam animam tālem dextrā hāc, absiste movērī,
āmittēs: habitet tēcum et sit pectore in istō.
Never will you lose such a soul by this right hand (stop being alarmed): let it dwell with you and stay in that breast of yours.
Aen. 11.410Nunc ad tē et tua magna, pater, cōnsulta revertor.Now I return to you, father, and to your weighty proposals. Aen. 11.411Sī nūllam nostrīs ultrā spem pōnis in armīs,
sī tam dēsertī sumus et semel agmine versō
funditus occidimus neque habet Fortūna regressum?
If you place no further hope in our arms, if we are so forsaken and, once our column turned, have perished utterly, and Fortune has no way back,
Aen. 11.414ōrēmus pācem et dextrās tendāmus inertīs.let us pray for peace and hold out helpless hands. Aen. 11.415Quamquam Ō, sī solitae quicquam virtūtis adesset!And yet, oh, if only some of our wonted valour were here! Aen. 11.416Ille mihi ante aliōs fortūnātusque labōrum
ēgregiusque animī, quī, nēquid tāle vidēret,
prōcubuit moriēns et humum semel ōre momordit.
That man in my eyes is fortunate in his toils above others and outstanding in spirit, who, so as not to see any such thing, has fallen dying and once for all bitten the ground with his mouth.

Aen. 11.419Sīn et opēs nōbīs et adhūc intācta iuventūs
420auxiliōque urbēs Ītalae populīque supersunt,
sīn et Trōiānīs cum multō glōria vēnit
sanguine, sunt illīs sua fūnera pārque per omnīs
tempestās: cūr indecorēs in līmine prīmō
dēficimus?
But if we still have resources and young men yet untouched, and cities and peoples of Italy remain to help us, if the Trojans too have won their glory at the cost of much blood (they too have their dead, and the storm was the same for all), why do we falter shamefully on the very threshold?
Aen. 11.424Cūr ante tubam tremor occupat artūs?Why does trembling seize our limbs before the trumpet sounds? Aen. 11.425Multa diēs variīque labor mūtābilis aevī
rettulit in melius, multōs alterna revīsēns
lūsit et in solidō rūrsus Fortūna locāvit.
Many things time and the changing toil of shifting age have restored for the better; Fortune, revisiting by turns, has mocked many and set them again on firm ground.
Aen. 11.428Nōn erit auxiliō nōbīs Aetōlus et Arpī:
at Messāpus erit fēlīxque Tolumnius et quōs
430tot populī mīsēre ducēs, nec parva sequētur
glōria dēlēctōs Latiō et Laurentibus agrīs.
The Aetolian and Arpi will be no help to us: but Messapus will, and lucky Tolumnius, and the leaders whom so many peoples have sent, and no small glory will follow the chosen men of Latium and the Laurentine fields.

Aen. 11.432Est et Volscōrum ēgregiā dē gente Camilla,
agmen agēns equitum et flōrentīs aere catervās.
There is also Camilla, of the noble race of the Volsci, leading a column of horsemen and troops flowering in bronze.
Aen. 11.434Quod sī mē sōlum Teucrī in certāmina poscunt
435idque placet tantumque bonīs commūnibus obstō,
nōn adeō hās exōsa manūs Victōria fugit,
ut tantā quicquam prō spē temptāre recūsem.
But if the Teucrians call me alone to combat, and this is your pleasure, and I stand so much in the way of the common good, Victory has not so hated these hands and fled from them that I should refuse to attempt anything for so great a hope.
Aen. 11.438Ībō animīs contrā, vel magnum praestet Achillem
factaque Vulcānī manibus paria induat arma
440ille licet.
I will go against him with courage, though he surpass great Achilles and put on arms like his, made by the hands of Vulcan.
Aen. 11.440Vōbīs animam hanc socerōque Latīnō
Turnus ego, haud ūllī veterum virtūte secundus,
dēvōvī.
To you and to Latinus, my father-in-law, I, Turnus, second to none of the men of old in valour, have devoted this life.

Aen. 11.442Sōlum Aenēās vocat: et vocet ōrō,
nec Drancēs potius, sīve est haec īra deōrum,
morte luat, sīve est virtūs et glōria, tollat.
Aeneas calls me alone: let him call, I pray; and let not Drances rather, if this is the anger of the gods, atone for it with his death, or, if it is valour and glory, carry it off.'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (216 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
inclūdō, -clūdere, -clūsī, -clūsusshut up in, inclose, imprison
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
que, enclitic conj.and
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
saepiō, -īre, saepsī, saeptusfence in, enclose; protect
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
bellum, -ī, n.war
caput, capitis, n.head
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
tālis, -esuch
dēmēns, -entisout of one's mind, mad, frantic
Dardanius, -a, -umDardanian, of Dardanus; Trojan
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
proinde (adv.)therefore, accordingly; so then
omnis, -eall, every
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
cessō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstop, cease, rest; be idle
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
extollō, -erelift up, raise; praise, exalt
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
bis (adv.)twice
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
nunc, adv.now
procerēs, -um m. pl.chiefs, leading men
Phrygius, -a, -umPhrygian, of Phrygia in central Asia Minor
tremēscō, -eretremble, shake; tremble at, dread
Larissaeus, -a, -umof Larissa in Thessaly; Thessalian
amnis, -is m.river
Hadriacus, -a, -umof the Adriatic
retrō (adv.)backwards, behind, from behind
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
unda, -ae, f.wave
velor; vel … vel: either … or
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
pavidus, -a, -umfrightened
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
iūrgium, -ī n.quarrel, dispute
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
artifex, -icis m.artist, craftsman; scaenicus artifex: actor
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
acerbō, -āremake bitter; aggravate, make worse
numquam, adv.never
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
absistō, -ere, abstitīstand away from, keep off
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdwell, inhabit
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
pater, patris, m.father
cōnsultum, -ī n.decree (senātūs cōnsultum: a decree of the Senate)
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
sī, conj.if
noster, -tra, -trumour
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
spēs, speī, f.hope
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
tam, adv.so
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
semel (adv.)once (semel atque iterum: again and again)
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
funditus (adv.)from the bottom, utterly
occidō, -ere, occidī, occāsumfall; (of the sun) set (sōl occidēns: the west)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
regressus, -ūs m.return, retreat; recourse
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
pāx, pācis f.peace
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
iners, -ertissluggish, idle, unmanly
quamquam, conj.however much, although
ō (interj.)O! oh!
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
fortūnātus, -a, -umlucky, fortunate, prosperous
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
nē quis, nē quid; adj. nē quī, nē qua, nē quodthat no one, that nothing; (adj.) that no …, lest any …
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
prōcumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumfall down, sink down
morior, morī, mortuusdie
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
mordeō, mordēre, momordī, morsusbite
sīn (conj.)but if
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
nōsplur. of ego
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
intāctus, -a, -umuntouched, unharmed
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
urbs, urbis, f.city
Ītalus, -a, -umItalian
populus, -ī m.people, nation
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
cum, prep, with abl.with
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
glōria, -ae, f.glory
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
fūnus, -eris n.funeral
pār, parisequal
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
tempestās, -tātis, f.weather; storm, tempest
cūr, adv.why
indecor, -oriswithout honour, disgraceful, unworthy
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
dēficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusfail
tuba, -ae f.trumpet
tremor, -ōris m.trembling, shaking
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
artūs, -uum m. pl.joints; limbs, body
varius, -a, -umvarious
mūtābilis, -echangeable, fickle
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
bonus, -a, -umgood
alternus, -a, -umone after the other, alternating
revīsō, -erego back to see, revisit
lūdō, -ere, lūsī, lūsumplay; mock, deceive
solidus, -a, -umwhole, complete, solid
rūrsus, adv.again
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
nōn, adv.not
Aetōlus, -a, -umAetolian (Diomedes' Arpi was founded from Aetolia)
at, conj.but
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
tot (indecl.)so many
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
Laurēns, -entisof Laurentum, Laurentine (ager Laurēns: the land around Laurentum, on the coast of Latium)
ager, agri, m.field, land
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
flōrēns, -entisflourishing, prosperous
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
caterva, -ae f.crowd, band, troop
quod, conj.that, in that, because
sōlus, -a, -umalone
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
exōsus, -a, -umhating, detesting (+ acc.)
manus, -ūs, f.hand
victōria, -ae, f.victory
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitusstand in front; show
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
induō, induere, induī, indūtusput on; clothe
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
vōsplur. of tū
socer, -erī m.father-in-law
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
ūllus, -a, -umany
vetus, veterisold, former
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
dēvoveō, -ēre, -vōvī, -vōtumvow, devote
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
potius (adv.)rather
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
deus, -ī, m.god
mors, mortīs, f.death
luō, -ere, luīpay; atone for, expiate
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
Vergil, Aeneid XI. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.