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Vergil · Aeneid X

Aeneid 10.833–872

Mezentius by the Tiber

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Aen. 10.833Intereā genitor Tiberīnī ad flūminis undam
volnera siccābat lymphīs corpusque levābat
835arboris adclīnis truncō.
Meanwhile the father, by the water of the river Tiber, was staunching his wounds with water and resting his body, leaning against a tree trunk.
Aen. 10.835Procul aerea rāmīs
dēpendet galea et prātō gravia arma quiēscunt.
Some way off his bronze helmet hangs from the branches, and his heavy arms rest on the meadow.
Aen. 10.837Stant lēctī circum iuvenēs: ipse aeger anhēlāns
colla fovet, fūsus prōpexam in pectore barbam;
Chosen young men stand round: he himself, sick and panting, eases his neck, his combed-out beard spread over his chest;
Aen. 10.839multa super Lausō rogitat multumque remittit
840quī revocent maestīque ferant mandāta parentis.
many times he asks about Lausus, and sends many to call him back and bring him the commands of his sorrowing father.
Aen. 10.841At Lausum sociī exanimem super arma ferēbant
flentēs, ingentem atque ingentī volnere victum.
But his comrades were carrying Lausus lifeless upon his arms, weeping, a mighty man, overcome by a mighty wound.
Aen. 10.843Agnōvit longē gemitum praesāga malī mēns:
cānitiem multō dēfōrmat pulvere et ambās
845ad caelum tendit palmās et corpore inhaeret.
From afar his mind, foreboding evil, recognised the lamentation: he defiles his grey hair with much dust, stretches both hands to the sky, and clings to the body.

Aen. 10.846Tantane mē tenuit vīvendī, nāte, voluptās,
ut prō mē hostīlī paterer succēdere dextrae,
quem genuī?
'Did such a desire for living hold me, my son, that I allowed you, whom I fathered, to go under the enemy's hand in my place?
Aen. 10.848Tuane haec genitor per volnera servor,
morte tuā vīvēns?
Am I, your father, saved by these wounds of yours, living by your death?
Aen. 10.849Heu, nunc miserō mihi dēmum
850exitium īnfēlīx, nunc altē volnus adāctum!
Alas, now at last ruin is bitter to me in my misery, now the wound is driven deep!
Aen. 10.851Īdem ego, nāte, tuum maculāvī crīmine nōmen,
pulsus ob invidiam soliō scēptrīsque paternīs.
I also, my son, stained your name with my crime, driven out through hatred from the throne and sceptre of my fathers.
Aen. 10.853Dēbueram patriae poenās odiīsque meōrum:
omnīs per mortīs animam sontem ipse dedissem!
I owed punishment to my country and the hatred of my people: would that I had given up my guilty life myself, by every kind of death!
Aen. 10.855Nunc vīvō neque adhūc hominēs lūcemque relinquō.Now I live and do not yet leave men and the light.

Aen. 10.856Sed linquam.But I will leave them.' Aen. 10.856Simul hoc dīcēns attollit in aegrum
sē femur et, quamvīs dolor altō volnere tardet,
haud dēiectus equum dūcī iubet.
As he says this he raises himself on his injured thigh, and although the pain slows him because of the deep wound, undaunted he orders his horse to be brought.
Aen. 10.858Hoc decus illī,
hoc sōlāmen erat;
This was his pride, this his comfort;
Aen. 10.859bellīs hōc victor abībat
860omnibus.
on this he had come back victorious from all his wars.
Aen. 10.860Adloquitur maerentem et tālibus īnfit:
Rhaebe, diū, rēs Sīqua diū mortālibus ūlla est,
vīximus.
He addresses the grieving animal and begins thus: 'Rhaebus, we have lived long, if anything is long for mortals.
Aen. 10.862Aut hodiē victor spolia illa cruentī
et caput Aenēae referēs Lausīque dolōrum
ultor eris mēcum aut, aperit sī nūlla viam vīs,
865occumbēs pariter;
Today either you will carry back victorious those bloody spoils and the head of Aeneas, and with me be the avenger of Lausus' sufferings, or, if no force opens the way, you will fall with me;
Aen. 10.865neque enim, fortissime, crēdō,
iussa aliēna patī et dominōs dignābere Teucrōs.
for I do not believe, bravest one, that you will deign to bear another's orders and Teucrian masters.'
Aen. 10.867Dīxit et exceptus tergō cōnsuēta locāvit
membra manūsque ambās iaculīs onerāvit acūtīs,
aere caput fulgēns cristāque hirsūtus equīnā.
He spoke, and received on its back he settled his accustomed limbs, and loaded both hands with sharp javelins, his head gleaming with bronze and bristling with a horsehair crest.

Aen. 10.870Sīc cursum in mediōs rapidus dedit: aestuat ingēns
ūnō in corde pudor mīxtōque īnsānia lūctū,
So he galloped swiftly into the midst: in one heart surge huge shame and madness mingled with grief,

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, indirect statement ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (199 words)
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
genitor, -ōris m.father
Tiberīnus, -a, -umof the Tiber
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
flūmen, -minis, n.river
unda, -ae, f.wave
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
siccō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdry, dry up
lympha, -ae f.water, clear water
corpus, corporis, n.body
que, enclitic conj.and
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift; lighten, relieve
arbor, -oris, f.tree
acclīnis (adclīnis), -eleaning (against)
truncus, -ī m.tree trunk
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
aereus, -a, -umof bronze
rāmus, -ī, m.branch, bough
dēpendeō, -ērehang down (from)
galea, -ae, f.helmet
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
prātum, -ī n.meadow
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
quiēscō, -ere, quiēvī, quiētusrest, keep quiet
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
circum, prep. with acc.around
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
aeger, -gra, -grumsick, ill; as noun, a sick man
anhēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspant, gasp; breathe out, be eager for
collum, -ī, n.neck
foveō, -ēre, fōvī, fōtuskeep warm; cherish, favour
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
prōpexus, -a, -umcombed forward, hanging down long
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
barba, -ae f.beard
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
rogitō, -ārekeep asking, ask eagerly
multum, -ī, n.much
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
maestus, -a, -umsad, dejected, gloomy
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
mandātum, -ī n.order, instruction, message
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
at, conj.but
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
exanimis, -elifeless; breathless, terrified
fleō, -ēre, flēvī, flētumweep
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
agnōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus, recognize
longē, adv.far
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
praesāgus, -a, -umforeboding, prophetic
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
cānitiēs, -ēī f.greyness; grey hair
dēfōrmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdisfigure, mar, spoil
pulvis, -eris m.dust
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
inhaereō, -ēre, -haesī, -haesuscling to, stick fast
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
succēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo or come under, follow after, succeed
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
gignō, gignere, genuī, genitusproduce, bring forth
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
mors, mortīs, f.death
heu (interj.)alas! oh!
nunc, adv.now
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
dēmum, adv.at last
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
altē (adv.)high; deep
adigō, -ere, adēgī, adāctumdrive, hurl (a weapon) to
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
maculō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstain, pollute
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
solium, -ī, n.seat, throne
scēptrum, -ī n.sceptre; royal power
paternus, -a, -umof a father, a father's
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
odium, -ī, n.hatred
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
omnis, -eall, every
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
sōns, sontisguilty
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
homō, hominis, m.man
lūx, lūcis, f.light
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
sed, conj.but
linquō, -ere, līquīleave
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
attollō, -erelift up, raise
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
femur, -oris n.thigh
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
tardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumslow down, check
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
dēiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow down, cast, drive out of one's course
equus, -ī, m.horse
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
sōlāmen, -inis n.comfort, consolation
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
bellum, -ī, n.war
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
alloquor (adloquor), -loquī, -locūtus sumspeak to, address
maereō, -ēregrieve, be sad
tālis, -esuch
infit (defective)he begins (to speak)
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
mortālis, -emortal
ūllus, -a, -umany
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
hodiē (adv.)today
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
cruentus, -a, -umbloody, blood-stained
caput, capitis, n.head
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
ultor, -ōris m.avenger
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
sī, conj.if
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
via, -ae, f.road, way
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
occumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumfall, meet (death); morte occumbere: die
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
enim, conj.for
fortis, -ebrave
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
iussum, -ī, n.order, command
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
dignor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink worthy of (+ abl.)
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
tergum, -ī, n.back
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
membrum, -ī, n.limb, member
manus, -ūs, f.hand
iaculum, -ī n.javelin, dart
onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusload, burden
acūtus, -a, -umsharp, pointed
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
fulgeō, -ēre, fulsīflash, shine, glitter
crista, -ae f.crest, plume (of a helmet)
hirsūtus, -a, -umshaggy, bristly, rough
equīnus, -a, -umof a horse, horse's
sīc, adv.so, thus
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
rapidus, -a, -umswift; consuming, fierce
aestuō, -āre, -āvīboil, seethe; burn (with passion or envy)
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
cor, cordis n.heart
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
īnsānia, -ae, f.madness, insanity
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
Vergil, Aeneid X. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.