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Vergil · Aeneid X

Aeneid 10.873–908

The final duel with Mezentius

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Aen. 10.873Atque hīc Aenēān magnā ter vōce vocāvit.And here he called on Aeneas three times with a loud voice. Aen. 10.874Aenēās agnōvit enim laetusque precātur:
875Sīc pater ille deum faciat, sīc altus Apollo,
incipiās cōnferre manum.
Aeneas indeed recognised him, and prays joyfully: 'So may the father of the gods bring it about, so may high Apollo: may you begin to join battle!'
Aen. 10.877Tantum effātus et īnfestā subit obvius hastā.He said only this, and advances to meet him with hostile spear. Aen. 10.878Ille autem: Quid mē ēreptō, saevissime, nātō
terrēs?
But he: 'Why try to frighten me, cruellest one, now that my son is taken?
Aen. 10.879Haec via sōla fuit, quā perdere possēs.This was the only way by which you could destroy me. Aen. 10.880Nec mortem horrēmus nec dīvom parcimus ūllī.We neither shudder at death nor spare any of the gods. Aen. 10.881Dēsine: nam veniō moritūrus et haec tibi portō
dōna prius.
Stop: for I come to die, and bring you these gifts first.'
Aen. 10.882Dīxit tēlumque intorsit in hostem;He spoke and hurled a weapon at his enemy; Aen. 10.883inde aliud super atque aliud fīgitque volatque
ingentī gȳrō, sed sustinet aureus umbō.
then he plants another and another, flying round in a huge circle, but the golden boss withstands them.

Aen. 10.885Ter circum adstantem laevōs equitāvit in orbēs
tēla manū iaciēns, ter sēcum Trōïus hērōs
immānem aerātō circumfert tegmine silvam.
Three times he rode round him as he stood, in leftward circles, hurling weapons by hand; three times the Trojan hero carries round with him the huge forest on his bronze-clad shield.
Aen. 10.888Inde ubi tot trāxisse morās, tot spīcula taedet
vellere et urgētur pugnā congressus inīquā,
890multa movēns animō iam tandem ērumpit et inter
bellātōris equī cava tempora conicit hastam.
Then, when he is weary of so many delays, of pulling out so many darts, and is hard pressed in an unequal fight, pondering much in his mind, at last he bursts out and hurls his spear between the hollow temples of the warrior horse.
Aen. 10.892Tollit sē arrēctum quadrupēs et calcibus aurās
verberat effūsumque equitem super ipse secūtus
implicat ēiectōque incumbit cernuus armō.
The horse rears up erect and beats the air with its hooves, and, following the thrown rider down, entangles him, and collapses headlong on him with its shoulder dislocated.
Aen. 10.895Clamōre incendunt caelum Trōēsque Latīnīque.Trojans and Latins set the sky on fire with their shouting.

Aen. 10.896Advolat Aenēās vāgīnāque ēripit ēnsem
et super haec: Ubi nunc Mezentius ācer et illa
effera vīs animī?
Aeneas flies up and snatches his sword from its sheath and says over him: 'Where now is fierce Mezentius, and that savage force of his spirit?'
Aen. 10.898Contrā Tyrrhēnus, ut aurās
suspiciēns hausit caelum mentemque recēpit:
900Hostis amāre, quid increpitās mortemque mināris?
In answer the Tyrrhenian, when, looking up at the air, he had drunk in the sky and recovered his mind: 'Bitter enemy, why do you taunt me and threaten death?
Aen. 10.901Nūllum in caede nefās, nec sīc ad proelia vēnī,
nec tēcum meus haec pepigit mihi foedera Lausus.
There is no sin in slaughter, nor did I come to battle on such terms, nor did my Lausus make such a pact with you for me.
Aen. 10.903Ūnum hoc per Sīqua est victīs venia hostibus ōrō:
corpus humō patiāre tegī.
One thing I beg, by any pardon there is for conquered enemies: allow my body to be covered with earth.
Aen. 10.904Sciō acerba meōrum
905circumstāre odia: hunc, ōrō, dēfende furōrem
et mē cōnsortem nātī concēde sepulchrō.
I know the bitter hatred of my people surrounds me: defend me, I beg, from this fury, and grant me to be my son's companion in the tomb.'
Aen. 10.907Haec loquitur iugulōque haud īnscius accipit ēnsem
undantīque animam diffundit in arva cruōre.
So he speaks, and receives the sword in his throat knowingly, and pours out his life over the fields in a stream of blood.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (180 words)
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ter (adv.)three times
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
agnōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus, recognize
enim, conj.for
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
que, enclitic conj.and
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
sīc, adv.so, thus
pater, patris, m.father
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
deus, -ī, m.god
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
manus, -ūs, f.hand
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
effor, -fārī, -fātus sumspeak out, pronounce (a solemn formula)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
hasta, -ae f.spear
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
terreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten, terrify
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
via, -ae, f.road, way
sōlus, -a, -umalone
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
perdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusdestroy, ruin; lose, waste
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mors, mortīs, f.death
horreō, -ēre, horruīshudder at, dread
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsūrusspare, show mercy to (+ dat.)
ūllus, -a, -umany
dēsinō, -sinere, -siī, -situsstop, cease (+ inf.)
nam, conj.for
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
morior, morī, mortuusdie
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
prius, adv.before, first
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
intorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortushurl, twist into
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
inde (adv.)from there; then
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrusfly
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
gȳrus, -ī m.circle, ring; circuit, wheeling course
sed, conj.but
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
umbō, -ōnis m.boss (of a shield)
circum, prep. with acc.around
adstō, -stāre, -stitīstand at or near
laevus, -a, -umleft; ad laevam (manum): on the left
equitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumride on horseback
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
Trōius, -a, -umTrojan
hērōs, -ōis m.hero, demigod; great man
immānis, -ehuge, enormous; savage
aerātus, -a, -umcovered or fitted with bronze
circumferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātuscarry around
tegimen (tegumen), -inis n.covering, protection
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
tot (indecl.)so many
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
mora, -ae, f.delay
spīculum, -ī n.point, sharp tip; dart, arrow
taedet, -ēre, taeduit (impers.)it wearies; here used personally: be weary, be distressed
vellō, -ere, vellī, vulsumpluck, pull
urgeō, -ēre, ursīpress hard
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
congredior, -ī, -gressus summeet; come to grips, fight
inīquus, -a, -umuneven; unfair
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
iam, adv.now, already
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
bellātor, -ōris m.warrior, fighter
equus, -ī, m.horse
cavus, -a, -umhollow
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow together; throw, cast, hurl
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
arrigō (adrigō), -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusset upright; rouse, excite
quadrupēs, -pedisfour-footed; (n. pl. as noun) quadrupeds, four-footed beasts
calx, calcis f.heel; calcibus, with kicks
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
verberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbeat, flog
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
implicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentangle, entwine; involve
ēiciō, -ere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow out; sē ēicere: rush out
incumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumlean on; throw oneself into, devote oneself to
cernuus, -a, -umfalling headlong, head-first
armus, -ī m.shoulder; (of a horse) flank, side
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
advolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfly at, rush at
vāgīna, -ae f.sheath, scabbard
ēnsis, -is m.sword (a poetic word)
nunc, adv.now
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
efferus, -a, -umwild, savage, frantic
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustusdraw
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
increpitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtaunt, reproach
minor, -ārī, -ātus sumthreaten (someone: dat.; with something: abl.)
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
pangō, -ere, pepigī, pāctusfix; agree, bargain for
foedus, -eris n.treaty, alliance
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
venia, -ae f.pardon, forgiveness
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
corpus, corporis, n.body
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
acerbus, -a, -umbitter, harsh, painful
circumstō, -stāre, -stetīstand around
odium, -ī, n.hatred
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
cōnsors, -sortis m. and f.partner, sharer
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
sepulcrum, -ī n.tomb, grave
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
iugulum, -ī n.throat
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
īnscius, -a, -umnot knowing, unaware
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
undō, -āre, -āvīsurge, billow, rise in waves
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
diffundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour forth, spread or shed abroad, diffuse
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
cruor, -ōris m.blood (shed), gore
Vergil, Aeneid X. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.