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Vergil · Aeneid X

Aeneid 10.689–718

Mezentius enters the battle

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Aen. 10.689At Iovis intereā monitīs Mezentius ārdēns
690succēdit pugnae Teucrōsque invādit ovantīs.
But meanwhile, at Jupiter's prompting, fiery Mezentius takes up the fight and attacks the exulting Teucrians.
Aen. 10.691Concurrunt Tyrrhēnae aciēs atque omnibus ūnī,
ūnī odiīsque virō tēlīsque frequentibus īnstant.
The Tyrrhenian lines rush together, and against one man, one alone, they press with all their hatred and with showers of weapons.
Aen. 10.693Ille velut rūpēs, vāstum quae prōdit in aequor,
obvia ventōrum furiīs expostaque pontō,
695vim cūnctam atque minās perfert caelīque marisque,
ipsa immōta manēns, prōlem Dolichaonis Hebrum
sternit humī, cum quō Latagum Palmumque fugācem,
sed Latagum saxō atque ingentī fragmine montis
occupat ōs faciemque adversam, poplite Palmum
700succīsō volvī segnem sinit, armaque Lausō
dōnat habēre umerīs et vertice fīgere cristās.
He, like a cliff that juts out into the vast sea, exposed to the fury of the winds and open to the deep, endures all the force and threats of sky and sea, itself remaining unmoved, lays low on the ground Hebrus, son of Dolichaon, and with him Latagus and Palmus as he fled; but Latagus he catches with a stone, a huge fragment of mountain, full in the mouth and face, Palmus he leaves rolling helpless with his knee-tendon cut, and gives his armour to Lausus to wear on his shoulders, and his plumes to fix on his head.

Aen. 10.702Nec nōn Euanthēn Phrygium Paridisque Mimanta
aequālem comitemque, ūnā quem nocte Theanō
in lūcem genitōrī Amycō dedit et face praegnāns
705Cissēis rēgīna Parin creat: urbe paternā
occubat, ignārum Laurēns habet ōra Mimanta.
Also Phrygian Euanthes, and Mimas, Paris' companion and equal in age, whom Theano bore into the light to his father Amycus on the same night that the queen, daughter of Cisseus, pregnant with a firebrand, gives birth to Paris: Paris lies in his father's city, the Laurentine shore holds Mimas, unknown.
Aen. 10.707Ac velut ille canum morsū dē montibus altīs
āctus aper, multōs Vesulus quem pīnifer annōs
dēfendit multōsve palūs Laurentia, silvā
710pāstus harundineā, postquam inter rētia ventum est,
substitit īnfremuitque ferōx et inhorruit armōs,
nec cuiquam īrāscī propiusque accēdere virtūs,
sed iaculīs tūtīsque procul clamōribus īnstant;
And as that boar, driven from the high mountains by the bite of dogs, which pine-clad Vesulus has sheltered for many years, or the Laurentine marsh for many, feeding on the reedy forest, when it has come among the nets, halts and snorts fiercely and bristles up its shoulders, and no one has the courage to rage at it or come closer, but they press on with javelins and safe shouts from afar;
Aen. 10.717ille autem impavidus partīs cūnctātur in omnīs,
dentibus īnfrendēns, et tergō dēcutit hastās.
but it, undaunted, holds back, turning to every side, gnashing its teeth, and shakes the spears from its back.

Aen. 10.714haud aliter, iūstae quibus est Mezentius īrae,
715nōn ūllī est animus strictō concurrere ferrō;
just so, of those who feel just anger against Mezentius, none has the courage to meet him with drawn sword;
Aen. 10.716missilibus longē et vāstō clamōre lacessunt:they provoke him from afar with missiles and huge shouting:

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (140 words)
at, conj.but
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
monitum, -ī n.warning, advice, command
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
succēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo or come under, follow after, succeed
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
que, enclitic conj.and
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
ovō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumrejoice, exult; celebrate a minor triumph
concurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun, rush, or dash together
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
omnis, -eall, every
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
odium, -ī, n.hatred
vir, virī, m.man
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
frequēns, -entiscrowded, in great numbers; frequent
īnstō, -āre, -stitīpress on; be at hand
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
veluteven or just as, as
rūpēs, -is, f.rock, cliff; reef
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
prōdeō, -īre, prōdiī, prōditumgo forward, come out
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
ventus, -ī, m.wind
furiae, -ārum f. pl.frenzy, rage; the Furies
expōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput out, set forth; put on shore, land; explain
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
minae, -ārum, f. plur.threats
perferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear through, bear, endure; weather
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
mare, maris, n.sea
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
immōtus, -a, -umunmoved, unchanging
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
prōlēs, -is f.offspring, children
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
cum, prep, with abl.with
fugāx, -ācisfleeing, swift; shy
sed, conj.but
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
fragmen, -inis n.fragment, piece broken off
mōns, montis, m.mountain
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
poples, -itis m.back of the knee; knee
succīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut below or down
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
segnis, -eslow, sluggish, idle
sinō, -ere, sīvī, situsallow, permit, let
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
umerus, -ī, m.shoulder
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
vertex, -icis m.top of the head, crown; summit
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
crista, -ae f.crest, plume (of a helmet)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
nōn, adv.not
Phrygius, -a, -umPhrygian, of Phrygia in central Asia Minor
aequālis, -eequal; of the same age
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
nox, noctis, f.night
lūx, lūcis, f.light
genitor, -ōris m.father
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
praegnāns, -antispregnant
rēgīna, -ae, f.queen
creō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuselect, appoint
urbs, urbis, f.city
paternus, -a, -umof a father, a father's
occubō, -ārelie (dead), lie buried
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
Laurēns, -entisof Laurentum, Laurentine (ager Laurēns: the land around Laurentum, on the coast of Latium)
ōra, -ae f.coast, shore
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
morsus, -ūs m.bite; jaws
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
aper, aprī, m.wild boar
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
pīnifer, -fera, -ferumpine-bearing, covered with pines
annus, -ī, m.year
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
palūs, -ūdis, f.swamp, marsh
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
harundineus, -a, -umof reeds, reedy
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
rēte, -is n.net
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
subsistō, -ere, -stitīhalt, make a stand
īnfremō, -ere, -fremuīgroan, be deeply moved; roar
ferōx, -ōcis, adj.fierce, savage
inhorrēscō, -ere, -horruībristle, shiver, quiver
armus, -ī m.shoulder; (of a horse) flank, side
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
īrāscor, īrāscī, īrātusbe angry
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
iaculum, -ī n.javelin, dart
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
impavidus, -a, -umfearless, undaunted
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
cūnctor, -ārī, -ātus sumdelay, hesitate
dēns, dentis, m.tooth
īnfrendō, -eregnash (the teeth)
tergum, -ī, n.back
dēcutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake off, strike off, knock down
hasta, -ae f.spear
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
iūstus, -a, -umjust
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
ūllus, -a, -umany
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
stringō, stringere, strinxī, strictusdraw, unsheathe
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
missilis, -ethat can be thrown; (n. pl.) missiles
longē, adv.far
lacessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītumprovoke, harass
Vergil, Aeneid X. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.