| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| pōns, pontis, m. | bridge |
| Mulvius, -a, -um | Mulvian: pons Mulvius, the Mulvian Bridge over the Tiber north of Rome |
| īnsignis, -e | notable, remarkable |
| equus, -ī, m. | horse |
| palūdātus, -a, -um | wearing the general's cloak (palūdāmentum): in uniform, as a magistrate setting out for his province |
| accingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctus | gird on; (pass.) gird oneself, get ready |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| senātus, -ūs m. | senate |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| populus, -ī m. | people, nation |
| ante, prep, with acc. and adv. | before |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | drive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia |
| quō, adv. | to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long? |
| minus, comp. adv. | less |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | take, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt |
| urbs, urbis, f. | city |
| ingredior, -ī, ingressus sum | go into, enter |
| amīcus, -ī, m. | friend |
| cōnsilium, -ī, n. | advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence |
| dēterreō, -terrēre, -terruī, -territus | frighten off, deter |
| sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptus | take under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment |
| praetexta, -ae f. | the purple-bordered toga worn by boys (and magistrates); in praetextā: as a boy |
| compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum | put together; mend, set in order |
| agmen, -minis, n. | band, column |
| incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum | walk, step, advance |
| quattuor, indecl. adj. | four |
| legiō, -ōnis f. | legion |
| aquila, -ae f. | eagle; the eagle standard of a legion |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| frōns, frontis, f. | forehead |
| totidem (indecl.) | just as many |
| circā (adv. and prep. + acc.) | around, about |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| alius, -a, -ud | another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others |
| vēxillum, -ī n. | banner, flag |
| mox, adv. | soon |
| duodecim, indecl. adj. | twelve |
| ala, -ae, f. | wing |
| signum, -ī, n. | sign, signal |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| pedes, peditis m. | foot soldier |
| ōrdō, ōrdinis, m. | arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| deinde, adv. | then, next |
| trīgintā (indecl.) | thirty |
| cohors, cohortis f. | cohort (a tenth of a legion); company |
| nōmen, -minis, n. | name (that by which one is known) |
| gēns, gentis, f. | race, nation |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| speciēs, -ēī, f. | sight, appearance, shape |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| discernō, -ere, -crēvī, -crētus | separate; distinguish, tell apart |
| praefectus, -ī m. | commander, officer |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| tribūnus, -ī m. | tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion) |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| centuriō, -ōnis m. | centurion (officer commanding about 80 men) |
| candidus, -a, -um | shining white, bright |
| vestis, -is, f. | clothing, dress, robe |
| cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | the other, the remaining, the rest of |
| iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.) | nearby; next to |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron. | each |
| centuria, -ae f. | century, a division of a hundred (of men, of cavalry) |
| dōnum, -ī, n. | gift |
| fulgeō, -ēre, fulsī | flash, shine, glitter |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| phalerae, -ārum f. pl. | metal discs worn as ornaments, esp. on horses' harness; trappings |
| torquis (torquēs), -is m. | a neck-chain, collar (worn or given as a military decoration) |
| splendeō, -ēre | shine, gleam |
| decōrus, -a, -um | handsome, fine, splendid |
| faciēs, -ēī f. | face; appearance |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| prīnceps, -ipis | first, chief; as noun: leader |
| dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.) | worthy (of), deserving |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| sīc, adv. | so, thus |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| ibi, adv. | in that place, there |
| māter, mātris, f. | mother |
| complector, -plectī, -plexus | embrace |
| honōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | honour, respect |