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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.72

Brawl and mutiny at Ticinum

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Hist. 2.72.1Et victās quidem partīs modestē distrāxerat: apud victōrēs orta sēditiō, lūdicrō initiō nī numerus caesōrum invidiam Vitelliō auxisset.Indeed he had broken up the defeated party with moderation: among the victors a mutiny broke out, from a beginning that would have been laughable had not the number of the slain increased the odium against Vitellius. Hist. 2.72.1Discubuerat Vitellius Tīcīnī adhibitō ad epulās Verginiō.Vitellius had taken his place at dinner at Ticinum, with Verginius invited to the banquet. Hist. 2.72.1Lēgātī tribūnīque ex mōribus imperātōrum sevēritātem aemulantur vel tempestīvīs convīviīs gaudent;Legates and tribunes follow the habits of their commanders, either emulating their strictness or delighting in banquets begun before the proper hour; Hist. 2.72.1proinde mīles intentus aut licenter agit.accordingly the soldier is either alert or behaves without restraint. Hist. 2.72.1Apud Vitellium omnia indisposita, tēmulenta, pervigiliīs ac bacchānālibus quam disciplīnae et castrīs propiōra.In Vitellius' quarters everything was disorderly and drunken, closer to all-night revels and Bacchanalian orgies than to discipline and a camp. Hist. 2.72.1Igitur duōbus mīlitibus, alterō legiōnis quīntae, alterō ē Gallīs auxiliāribus, per lascīviam ad certāmen luctandī accēnsīs, postquam legiōnārius prōciderat, īnsultante Gallō et iīs quī ad spectandum convēnerant in studia dīductīs, ērūpēre legiōnāriī in perniciem auxiliōrum ac duae cohortēs interfectae.So when two soldiers, one of the Fifth Legion, the other from the Gallic auxiliaries, had been provoked in horseplay into a wrestling match, and after the legionary had fallen, with the Gaul jeering and those who had gathered to watch split into partisan factions, the legionaries burst out to destroy the auxiliaries, and two cohorts were slaughtered.

Hist. 2.72.1Remedium tumultūs fuit alius tumultus.The cure for one uproar was another uproar. Hist. 2.72.1Pulvis procul et arma aspiciēbantur: conclāmātum repente quartam decimam legiōnem versō itinere ad proelium venīre;Dust and arms were seen in the distance: suddenly the shout went up that the Fourteenth Legion had turned back from its march and was coming to do battle; Hist. 2.72.1sed erant agminis coāctōrēs: agnitī dēmpsēre sollicitūdinem.but they were the rearguard of the column: once they were recognised, they removed the anxiety. Hist. 2.72.1Interim Verginiī servus forte obvius ut percussor Vitelliī īnsimulātur: et ruēbat ad convīvium mīles, mortem Verginiī exposcēns.Meanwhile a slave of Verginius, who happened to cross their path, is accused of being Vitellius' assassin: and the soldiers began rushing to the banquet, demanding the death of Verginius. Hist. 2.72.1Nē Vitellius quidem, quamquam ad omnīs suspīciōnēs pavidus, dē innocentiā eius dubitāvit: aegrē tamen cohibitī quī exitium cōnsulāris et quondam ducis suī flāgitābant.Not even Vitellius, though fearful at every suspicion, doubted his innocence: yet those who were demanding the destruction of a consular, once their own general, were restrained only with difficulty.

Hist. 2.72.1Nec quemquam saepius quam Verginium omnis sēditiō īnfestāvit: manēbat admīrātiō virī et fāma, set ōderant ut fastīdītī.Nor was anyone assailed more often than Verginius by every mutiny: admiration for the man and his reputation endured, but they hated him as men who had been spurned.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (134 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
modestē, adv.with restraint, in good order, calmly
distrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractuspull apart, tear asunder
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
lūdicer, -cra, -crumof sport or play, for amusement; (n. as noun) game, show
initium, -ī, n.beginning
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
numerus, -ī, m.number
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
discumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumrecline at table, dine
adhibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold to, employ, show
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
epulae, -ārum f. pl.feast, banquet
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
que, enclitic conj.and
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
sevēritās, -ātis f.strictness, severity
aemulor, -ārī, -ātus sumtry to equal, rival, imitate
velor; vel … vel: either … or
tempestīvus, -a, -umtimely; convīvium tempestīvum: a party that starts early (before the usual hour)
convīvium, -ī n.banquet, dinner party
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
proinde (adv.)therefore, accordingly; so then
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
licenter (adv.)freely, without restraint; licentius: too freely
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
omnis, -eall, every
indispositus, -a, -umdisorderly, unorganised
tēmulentus, -a, -umdrunk, tipsy
pervigilium, -ī n.all-night revel; vigil
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
Bacchānal, -ālis n.Bacchic rite; pl. orgies, drunken revels
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
disciplīna, -ae f.training, discipline
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
propior, -iusnearer (+ dat.)
igitur, conj.therefore
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
auxiliāris, -e; as noun, -is m.auxiliary; (pl.) auxiliary troops
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
lascīvia, -ae f.playfulness; wantonness, licence
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
luctor, -ārī, -ātuswrestle, struggle
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
legiōnārius, -a, -umof a legion, legionary
prōcidō, -ere, -cidīfall down, fall forward (before someone)
īnsultō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumleap on; mock, insult (+ dat.)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
dīdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumspread out, divide
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
perniciēs, -ēī f.ruin, destruction
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
remedium, -ī, n.remedy
tumultus, -ūs m.uproar, uprising
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
pulvis, -eris m.dust
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
conclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumshout out, cry out
repente (adv.)suddenly
quartus, -a, -umfourth
decimus, -a, -umtenth
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sed, conj.but
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
coāctor, -ōris m.collector (of money); agminis coactores: rearguard
agnōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus, recognize
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
sollicitūdō, -tūdinis, f.anxiety, care, apprehension
interim (adv.)meanwhile
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
percussor, -ōris m.assassin, murderer; one who strikes, destroyer
īnsimulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusaccuse, charge (with: gen.)
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
mors, mortīs, f.death
exposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand earnestly, call for
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quamquam, conj.however much, although
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
pavidus, -a, -umfrightened
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
innocentia, -ae f.blamelessness, integrity
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
aegrē, adv.ill, with difficulty
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
cohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold back, restrain, keep in check
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
flāgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdemand urgently
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
saepe, adv.often, frequently
īnfestō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusattack, harass, make unsafe
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
admīrātiō, -ōnis f.wonder, admiration
vir, virī, m.man
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
ōdī, ōdisse, used only in tenses of completed action with the force of tenses of incomplete actionhate
fastīdiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfeel disgust at, be sick of, scorn
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.