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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.13

Otho's fleet ravages the coast

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Hist. 2.13.1Blandiēbātur coeptīs fortūna, possessā per mare et nāvīs maiōre Ītaliae parte penitus ūsque ad initium maritimārum Alpium, quibus temptandīs adgrediendaeque prōvinciae Narbōnēnsī Suedium Clēmentem, Antōnium Novellum, Aemilium Pācēnsem ducēs dederat.Fortune smiled on his undertakings, since by means of the sea and his ships he held the greater part of Italy, right up to the beginning of the Maritime Alps; to attack these and to assault the province of Narbonensis he had appointed Suedius Clemens, Antonius Novellus and Aemilius Pacensis as commanders. Hist. 2.13.1Sed Pācēnsis per licentiam mīlitum vinctus, Antōniō Novellō nūlla auctōritās: Suedius Clēmēns ambitiōsō imperiō regēbat, ut adversus modestiam disciplīnae corruptus, ita proeliōrum avidus.But Pacensis was put in chains through the soldiers' licence, and Antonius Novellus had no authority: Suedius Clemens ruled by courting popularity, as corrupt where the restraint of discipline was concerned as he was eager for battles. Hist. 2.13.1Nōn Ītalia adīrī nec loca sēdēsque patriae vidēbantur: tamquam externa lītora et urbēs hostium ūrere, vāstāre, rapere eō atrōcius quod nihil usquam prōvīsum adversum metūs.It did not seem to be Italy they were approaching, nor the places and homes of their native land: as if on foreign shores and among enemy cities they burned, laid waste and plundered, all the more savagely because nowhere had any precautions been taken against danger.

Hist. 2.13.1Plēnī agrī, apertae domus;The fields were full, the houses open; Hist. 2.13.1occursantēs dominī iūxtā coniugēs et līberōs sēcūritāte pācis et bellī malō circumveniēbantur.the owners, running to meet them with their wives and children, were trapped by the security of peace and the evil of war. Hist. 2.13.1Maritimās tum Alpīs tenēbat prōcūrātor Marius Mātūrus.The Maritime Alps at that time were held by the procurator Marius Maturus. Hist. 2.13.1Is concitā gente (nec dēest iuventūs) arcēre prōvinciae fīnibus Othōniānōs intendit: sed prīmō impetū caesī disiectīque montānī, ut quibus temerē collēctīs, nōn castra, nōn ducem nōscitantibus, neque in victōriā decus esset neque in fugā flāgitium.He roused the people (nor is there any lack of young men) and set about keeping the Othonians from the borders of the province; but at the first onset the mountaineers were cut down and scattered, as men who had been hastily gathered, who knew no camp and no leader, and for whom there was neither glory in victory nor disgrace in flight.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (105 words)
blandior, -īrī, -ītus sumflatter, coax, fawn on; be pleasing, allure
coeptum, -ī n.undertaking, a thing begun
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
possideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessushold, possess
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
mare, maris, n.sea
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nāvis, -is, f.ship
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
penitus (adv.)deep within, far inside
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
initium, -ī, n.beginning
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
aggredior, -ī, aggressus sumattack
que, enclitic conj.and
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
Narbōnēnsis, -eof Narbo; Gallia Narbonensis, the province of southern Gaul
novellus, -a, -umyoung, new, newly planted; (as surname) Novellus
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
sed, conj.but
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
vinciō, vincīre, vinxī, vinctusbind
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
ambitiōsus, -a, -umeager for office or popularity, ambitious
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
modestia, -ae f.moderation, discipline, restraint
disciplīna, -ae f.training, discipline
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
nōn, adv.not
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
sēdēs, -is, f.seat, abode
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
urbs, urbis, f.city
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
ūrō, ūrere, ussī, ūstusburn
vāstō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslay waste
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
atrōciter (adv.)savagely, cruelly; harshly
quod, conj.that, in that, because
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
usquam (adv.)anywhere
prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsumforesee; provide for
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
plēnus, -a, -umfull
ager, agri, m.field, land
apertus, -a, -umopen
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
occursō, -āre, -āvīrun to meet, meet; present itself (to the eyes)
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
sēcūritās, -ātis f.freedom from care, composure
pāx, pācis f.peace
bellum, -ī, n.war
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
circumveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumsurround
tum, adv.then, at that time
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
prōcūrātor, -ōris m.manager, agent; regent
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
arceō, -ēre, -uīkeep off, keep away, shut out
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
Othōniānus, -a, -umof Otho, Othonian; (m. pl. as noun) Otho's supporters
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
disiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow apart, scatter
montānus, -a, -umof the mountains, mountain-
temerē, adv.rashly
colligō, -ere, -lēgī, -lēctumgather, collect (sē colligere: recover oneself)
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
nōscitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrecognize, make out
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
victōria, -ae, f.victory
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
fuga, -ae, f.flight
flāgitium, -ī n.shameful act, disgrace, outrage
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.