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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.86

Otho defends the senate

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Hist. 1.86.1"Vōs quidem istud prō mē: sed in discursū ac tenebrīs et rērum omnium cōnfūsiōne patefierī occāsiō etiam adversus mē potest.'You did that, it is true, for my sake: but in running about and darkness and the confusion of everything, an opening may be given even against me. Hist. 1.86.1Sī Vitelliō et satellitibus eius ēligendī facultās dētur, quem nōbīs animum, quās mentīs imprecentur, quid aliud quam sēditiōnem et discordiam optābunt?If Vitellius and his henchmen were given their choice, what temper, what minds would they pray for in us, what else would they wish for but mutiny and discord? Hist. 1.86.1Nē mīles centuriōnī, nē centuriō tribūnō obsequātur, ut cōnfūsī peditēs equitēsque in exitium ruāmus.That soldier should not obey centurion, nor centurion tribune, so that, infantry and cavalry thrown together, we should rush to our ruin. Hist. 1.86.1Pārendō potius, commīlitōnēs, quam imperia ducum scīscitandō rēs mīlitārēs continentur, et fortissimus in ipsō discrīmine exercitus est quī ante discrīmen quiētissimus.It is by obeying, comrades, rather than by questioning the commands of generals, that military affairs hold together, and that army is bravest in the moment of crisis which is quietest before the crisis.

Hist. 1.86.1Vōbīs arma et animus sit: mihi cōnsilium et virtūtis vestrae regimen relinquite.Yours be the arms and the courage: leave to me the planning and the direction of your valour. Hist. 1.86.1Paucōrum culpa fuit, duōrum poena erit: cēterī abolēte memoriam foedissimae noctis.The fault was that of a few, the punishment will fall on two: the rest of you, blot out the memory of that most shameful night. Hist. 1.86.1Nec illās adversus senātum vōcēs ūllus usquam exercitus audiat.And may no army anywhere hear such cries against the senate again. Hist. 1.86.1Caput imperiī et decora omnium prōvinciārum ad poenam vocāre nōn herculē illī, quōs cum maximē Vitellius in nōs ciet, Germānī audeant.To call the head of the empire and the glory of all the provinces to punishment: by Hercules, not even those Germans whom Vitellius at this very moment is stirring up against us would dare it. Hist. 1.86.1Ullīne Ītaliae alumnī et Rōmāna vērē iuventūs ad sanguinem et caedem dēpoposcerit ōrdinem, cuius splendōre et glōriā sordīs et obscūritātem Vitelliānārum partium praestringimus?Would any sons of Italy, any truly Roman youth, demand for blood and slaughter that order by whose splendour and glory we outshine the squalor and obscurity of the Vitellian party?

Hist. 1.86.1Nātiōnēs aliquās occupāvit Vitellius, imāginem quandam exercitūs habet, senātus nōbīscum est: sīc fit ut hinc rēs pūblica, inde hostēs reī pūblicae cōnstiterint.Vitellius has seized some nations, he has some semblance of an army, but the senate is with us: so it comes about that here stands the state, there the enemies of the state. Hist. 1.86.1Quid?What? Hist. 1.86.1Vōs pulcherrimam hanc urbem domibus et tēctīs et congestū lapidum stāre crēditis?Do you believe that this most beautiful city stands by its houses and buildings and heaps of stone? Hist. 1.86.1Mūta ista et inanima intercīdere ac reparārī prōmisca sunt: aeternitās rērum et pāx gentium et mea cum vestrā salūs incolumitāte senātūs firmātur.Those dumb and lifeless things may perish and be rebuilt without distinction: the permanence of our affairs, the peace of the nations, and my safety along with yours are secured by the preservation of the senate. Hist. 1.86.1Hunc auspicātō ā parente et conditōre urbis nostrae īnstitūtum et ā rēgibus ūsque ad prīncipēs continuum et immortālem, sīcut ā maiōribus accēpimus, sīc posterīs trādāmus;This body, founded under auspices by the father and founder of our city, and unbroken and immortal from the kings to the emperors, let us hand on to our descendants just as we received it from our ancestors; Hist. 1.86.1nam ut ex vōbīs senātōrēs, ita ex senātōribus prīncipēs nāscuntur."for as senators come from you, so emperors come from senators.'

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (168 words)
vōsplur. of tū
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
sed, conj.but
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
discursus, -ūs m.running about; a darting movement
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
omnis, -eall, every
cōnfūsiō, -ōnis f.confusion, disorder, uproar
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusthrow, or lay open, open
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
sī, conj.if
satelles, -itis m.attendant, henchman, accomplice
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlēctumpick out, choose
facultās, -tātis, f.possibility, opportunity, chance, means
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
nōsplur. of ego
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
imprecor, -ārī, -ātus sumcall down (a curse) upon
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswish for, desire; pray for
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
obsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumcomply, give way (to: dat.)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
cōnfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour together, mingle; throw into disorder, confuse
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
que, enclitic conj.and
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
potius (adv.)rather
commīlitō, -ōnis m.fellow soldier, comrade
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
scīscitor, -ārī, -ātus sumask, inquire
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
fortis, -ebrave
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
vester, -tra, -trumyour
regimen, -inis n.direction, guidance, control; government
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
aboleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -itumdestroy, wipe out (the memory of)
memoria, -ae, f.memory
foedus, -a, -umfoul, loathsome, hideous
nox, noctis, f.night
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
senātus, -ūs m.senate
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
ūllus, -a, -umany
usquam (adv.)anywhere
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
caput, capitis, n.head
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
nōn, adv.not
hercle (interj.)by Hercules!, indeed
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
cieō, ciēre, cīvī, citusset in motion, stir up; pugnam ciēre: start the fight
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
alumnus, -ī m.foster-child, nursling
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
vērē (adv.)truly, really
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
dēposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand, call for
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
splendor, -ōris m.brightness, light
glōria, -ae, f.glory
sordēs, -is f. (usu. pl.)dirt, squalor, shabbiness
obscūritās, -ātis f.darkness, obscurity; low birth, insignificance
Vitelliānus, -a, -umof Vitellius; as noun, a Vitellian soldier
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
praestringō, -ere, -strīnxī, -strictusoutshine, eclipse; dazzle, blunt; bind tight
nātiō, -ōnis f.people, nation; birth
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
sīc, adv.so, thus
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
inde (adv.)from there; then
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
urbs, urbis, f.city
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
congestus, -ūs m.heaping up, accumulation, mass
lapis, -idis, m.stone
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
mūtus, -a, -umdumb, silent, speechless
inanimus, -a, -umlifeless, without a soul
intercīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut through, cut apart
reparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrestore, make good; get in exchange
prōmiscuus, -a, -ummixed, indiscriminate, held in common
aeternitās, -ātis f.eternity; lasting fame
pāx, pācis f.peace
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
cum, prep, with abl.with
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
incolumitās, -ātis f.safety
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
auspicātō (adv.)after taking the auspices, with the approval of the birds
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
conditor, -ōris m.founder
noster, -tra, -trumour
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
rēx, rēgis, m.king
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
continuus, -a, -umcontinuous, successive
immortālis, -eimmortal
sīcut (conj.)just as
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
posterī, -ōrum m. pl.descendants, posterity
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
nam, conj.for
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.