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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.66

Valens marches through Gaul

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Hist. 1.66.1Nūntium dē caede Galbae et imperiō Othōnis Fabius Valēns in cīvitāte Leucōrum accēpit.Fabius Valens received the news of Galba's murder and Otho's accession in the state of the Leuci. Hist. 1.66.1Nec mīlitum animus in gaudium aut formīdine permōtus: bellum volvēbat.Nor were the soldiers' feelings stirred to joy or to fear: they were set on war. Hist. 1.66.1Gallīs cūnctātiō exēmpta est: in Othōnem ac Vitellium odium pār, ex Vitelliō et metus.The Gauls were freed of hesitation: towards Otho and Vitellius their hatred was equal, of Vitellius there was fear as well. Hist. 1.66.1Proxima Lingonum cīvitās erat, fīda partibus.The nearest community was that of the Lingones, loyal to the party. Hist. 1.66.1Benignē exceptī modestiā certāvēre, sed brevis laetitia fuit cohortium intemperiē, quās ā legiōne quartā decimā, ut suprā memorāvimus, dīgressās exercituī suō Fabius Valēns adiūnxerat.Received kindly, they vied with them in good behaviour, but the joy was short-lived because of the unruliness of the cohorts which, separated from the Fourteenth Legion, as we mentioned above, Fabius Valens had added to his army. Hist. 1.66.1Iūrgia prīmum, mox rixa inter Batāvōs et legiōnāriōs, dum hīs aut illīs studia mīlitum adgregantur, prope in proelium exarsēre, nī Valēns animadversiōne paucōrum oblītōs iam Batāvōs imperiī admonuisset.Words first, then a brawl between the Batavians and the legionaries, as the soldiers' sympathies rallied to one side or the other, nearly blazed up into a battle, had not Valens, by punishing a few, reminded the Batavians of the authority they had already forgotten.

Hist. 1.66.1Frūstrā adversus Aeduōs quaesīta bellī causa: iussī pecūniam atque arma dēferre grātuītōs īnsuper commeātūs praebuēre.A pretext for war against the Aedui was sought in vain: ordered to hand over money and arms, they supplied provisions free of charge besides. Hist. 1.66.1Quod Aeduī formīdine Lugdūnēnsēs gaudiō fēcēre.What the Aedui did from fear, the people of Lugdunum did from joy. Hist. 1.66.1Sed legiō Italica et ala Tauriāna abductae: cohortem duodēvīcēnsimam Lugdūnī, solitīs sibi hībernīs, relinquī placuit.But the Italian Legion and the Taurian cavalry squadron were taken away: it was decided that the Eighteenth Cohort should be left at Lugdunum, its usual winter quarters. Hist. 1.66.1Mānlius Valēns lēgātus Italicae legiōnis, quamquam bene dē partibus meritus, nūllō apud Vitellium honōre fuit: sēcrētīs eum crīminātiōnibus īnfāmāverat Fabius ignārum et, quō incautior dēciperētur, palam laudātum.Manlius Valens, legate of the Italian Legion, though he had deserved well of the party, received no honour from Vitellius: Fabius had defamed him with secret accusations without his knowledge and, so that he might be deceived the more off his guard, had praised him in public.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (109 words)
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
gaudium, -ī, n.gladness, joy
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
permoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtummove deeply, influence
bellum, -ī, n.war
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
cūnctātiō, -ōnis f.delay, hesitation
eximō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake away, remove; use up (a day)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
odium, -ī, n.hatred
pār, parisequal
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
benignē, adv.kindly
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
modestia, -ae f.moderation, discipline, restraint
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
sed, conj.but
brevis, -eshort
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
intemperiēs, -ēī f.unruliness, lack of restraint; inclemency (of weather)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
quartus, -a, -umfourth
decimus, -a, -umtenth
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
dīgredior, -gredī, -gressus sumgo away, part, separate
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
adiungo, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin to, join
iūrgium, -ī n.quarrel, dispute
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
mox, adv.soon
rixa, -ae f.brawl, quarrel
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
legiōnārius, -a, -umof a legion, legionary
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
aggregō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgather together; attach (oneself) to
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
exārdēscō, -ārdēscere, -ārsī, -ārsusblaze out, be inflamed, rage
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
animadversiō, -ōnis f.notice; censure, punishment
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
iam, adv.now, already
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
frūstrā, adv.in vain
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
grātuītus, -a, -umfree, without reward, for nothing
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold forth, supply, furnish, give; show, present, exhibit
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
Italicus, -a, -umItalian; bellum Italicum: the Social War of 91–88 BC between Rome and its Italian allies
ala, -ae, f.wing
Tauriānus, -a, -umTaurian; ala Tauriana: a cavalry regiment stationed at Lyon
abdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or take away
duodēvīcēsimus (duodēvīcēnsimus), -a, -umeighteenth
solitus, -a, -umusual, customary, accustomed
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
hīberna, -ōrum n. pl.winter quarters
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
quamquam, conj.however much, although
bene, adv.well; successfully
mereor, -ērī, meritus sumdeserve; (dē) do service to
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
honor, -ōris, m.honor
sēcrētus, -a, -umseparate; secret, private
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
crīminātiō, -ōnis f.an accusation, a charge (often unjust)
īnfāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbring into disrepute, defame, discredit
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
incautus, -a, -umoff one's guard, careless
dēcipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptuscatch, deceive
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.