| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| spectāculum, -ī n. | sight, spectacle, show |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| coetus, -ūs m. | meeting, gathering, assembly |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| nūdus, -a, -um | naked, bare |
| iuvenis, -is, m. | young man, youth |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| lūdicrum, -ī n. | show, game, entertainment |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| gladius, -ī, m. | sword |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| īnfestus, -a, -um | unsafe, dangerous |
| framea, -ae f. | spear (the German word for it) |
| saltus, -ūs m. | wooded pass, forest glade, woodland |
| iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactus | throw, cast, hurl |
| exercitātiō, -ōnis, f. | exercise |
| ars, artis, f. | art |
| parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | make ready, prepare |
| decor, -ōris m. | beauty, grace |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| quaestus, -ūs m. | gain, profit |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| mercēs, mercēdis, f. | pay, reward, wages |
| quamvīs (adv.) | however much, as … as you like |
| audāx, -ācis | bold, daring, reckless |
| lascīvia, -ae f. | playfulness; wantonness, licence |
| pretium, -ī, n. | price, charge |
| voluptās, -tātis, f. | pleasure |
| spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | look at or on |
| ālea, -ae f. | dice, gambling |
| mīror, -ārī, -ātus | wonder, wonder at |
| sōbrius, -a, -um | sober |
| sērius, -a, -um | serious; (n. pl. as noun) serious matters |
| exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitus | exercise |
| tantus, -a, -um | so great or much |
| lucror, -ārī, -ātus sum | gain, win, make a profit of |
| perdō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | destroy, ruin; lose, waste |
| temeritās, -ātis f. | rashness, recklessness |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| dēficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | fail |
| extrēmus, -a, -um | last, extreme, furthest |
| novissimus, -a, -um | last (novissimum agmen: the rear) |
| iactus, -ūs m. | throwing, a throw; fulminum iactūs: strokes of lightning |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| lībertās, -tātis, f. | freedom, liberty |
| corpus, corporis, n. | body |
| contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch, hasten |
| vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum | conquer, defeat |
| voluntārius, -a, -um | willing; (m. pl. as noun) volunteers |
| servitūs, -tūtis, f. | slavery, servitude |
| adeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go to, approach |
| rōbustus, -a, -um | strong, sturdy |
| alligō (adligō), -āre, -āvī, -ātus | bind, tie up; (fig.) bind, entangle |
| vēneō, -īre, -iī | be sold (+ abl. of price) |
| patior, patī, passus, bear | suffer, allow |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| prāvus, -a, -um | crooked; bad, wrong |
| pervicācia, -ae f. | stubbornness, obstinacy; persistence |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| fidēs, -eī f. | faith, trust; pledge |
| vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | call, summon |
| servus, -ī, m. | slave, servant |
| condiciō, -ōnis f. | terms; condition, status |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| commercium, -ī n. | trade, dealings; means of communication |
| trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report |
| quoque, adv. | also |
| pudor, -ōris m. | shame, sense of honour |
| victōria, -ae, f. | victory |
| exsolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtus | set free, release |