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Tacitus · Germania

Germania 1

The boundaries and rivers of Germany

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Germ. 1.1Germānia omnis ā Gallīs Raetīsque et Pannoniīs Rhēnō et Dānubiō flūminibus, ā Sarmatīs Dācīsque mūtuō metū aut montibus sēparātur: cētera Oceanus ambit, lātōs sinūs et īnsulārum immēnsa spatia complectēns, nūper cognitīs quibusdam gentibus ac rēgibus, quōs bellum aperuit.Germany as a whole is separated from the Gauls, the Raetians and the Pannonians by the rivers Rhine and Danube, and from the Sarmatians and Dacians by mutual fear or by mountains: the rest the Ocean surrounds, embracing broad bays and islands of vast extent, where certain peoples and kings have lately become known, whom war has opened up. Germ. 1.2Rhēnus, Raeticārum Alpium inaccessō ac praecipitī vertice ortus, modicō flexū in occidentem versus septentriōnālī Oceanō miscētur.The Rhine, rising from an inaccessible and sheer summit of the Raetian Alps, turns west in a moderate bend and mingles with the northern Ocean. Germ. 1.3Dānubius mollī et clēmenter ēditō montis Abnobae iugō effūsus plūrēs populōs adit, dōnec in Ponticum mare sex meātibus ērumpat;The Danube, pouring out from the gently and gradually rising ridge of Mount Abnoba, visits several peoples, until it bursts out into the Pontic Sea by six channels; Germ. 1.3septimum ōs palūdibus haurītur.a seventh mouth is swallowed up in marshes.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (57 words)
omnis, -eall, every
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
que, enclitic conj.and
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
flūmen, -minis, n.river
mūtuus, -a, -umborrowed, lent; mutual (pecūnia mūtua: a loan)
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
mōns, montis, m.mountain
sēparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusseparate, divide
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
ambiō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo round; approach, court, win over
lātus, -a, -umbroad, wide
sinus, -ūs, m.bosom, lap
īnsula, -ae, f.island
immēnsus (inmēnsus), -a, -umimmeasurable, boundless, vast
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
rēx, rēgis, m.king
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
bellum, -ī, n.war
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
Raeticus (Rhaeticus), -a, -umRaetian, of Raetia; Alpēs Raeticae: the Raetian Alps
inaccessus, -a, -umunapproachable, inaccessible
praeceps, -cipitisheadlong
vertex, -icis m.top of the head, crown; summit
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
modicus, -a, -ummoderate, small; modicum: a little
flexus, -ūs m.bend, winding, curve; turning point
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
occidō, -ere, occidī, occāsumfall; (of the sun) set (sōl occidēns: the west)
versus (adv.)toward, in the direction of (often after ad or in + acc.)
septentriōnālis, -enorthern; (n. pl. as noun) the northern parts
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
mollis, -esoft, weak
clēmenter, adv.mildly, kindly, gently
ēditus, -a, -umraised, high
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
populus, -ī m.people, nation
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
dōnec (conj.)until; while, as long as
Ponticus, -a, -umof Pontus, from the Black Sea region
mare, maris, n.sea
sex (indecl.)six
meātus, -ūs m.movement, course, path
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
septimus, -a, -umseventh
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
palūs, -ūdis, f.swamp, marsh
hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustusdraw
Tacitus, Germania. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.