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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 24

Looking towards Hibernia

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Agr. 24.1Quīntō expedītiōnum annō nāve prīmā trānsgressus ignōtās ad id tempus gentīs crēbrīs simul ac prosperīs proeliīs domuit;In the fifth year of campaigns, crossing over in the leading ship, he subdued peoples unknown until that time in frequent and successful battles; Agr. 24.1eamque partem Britanniae quae Hiberniam aspicit cōpiīs īnstrūxit, in spem magis quam ob formīdinem, sī quidem Hibernia mediō inter Britanniam atque Hispāniam sita et Gallicō quoque marī opportūna valentissimam imperiī partem magnīs in vicem ūsibus miscuerit.and he lined with troops that part of Britain which faces Hibernia, in hope rather than from fear, since Hibernia, lying midway between Britain and Spain and conveniently placed also for the Gallic sea, would join the strongest part of the empire together with great mutual advantages. Agr. 24.2Spatium eius, sī Britanniae comparētur, angustius nostrī maris īnsulās superat.Its extent, if compared with Britain, is smaller, but it surpasses the islands of our sea. Agr. 24.2Sōlum caelumque et ingenia cultūsque hominum haud multum ā Britanniā differunt;Its soil and climate, and the character and way of life of its people, do not differ much from Britain's; Agr. 24.2in melius aditūs portūsque per commercia et negōtiātōrēs cognitī.its approaches and harbours are better known, through trade and merchants.

Agr. 24.3Agricola expulsum sēditiōne domesticā ūnum ex rēgulīs gentis excēperat ac speciē amīcitiae in occāsiōnem retinēbat.Agricola had received one of the petty kings of the tribe, driven out by internal strife, and was keeping him, under the guise of friendship, against an opportunity. Agr. 24.3Saepe ex eō audīvī legiōne ūnā et modicīs auxiliīs dēbellārī obtinērīque Hiberniam posse;I often heard him say that Hibernia could be conquered and held with a single legion and a moderate force of auxiliaries; Agr. 24.3idque etiam adversus Britanniam prōfutūrum, sī Rōmāna ubīque arma et velut ē cōnspectū lībertās tollerētur.and that this would also be of advantage with regard to Britain, if Roman arms were everywhere and liberty were removed, as it were, from sight.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (96 words)
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
expedītiō, -ōnis f.expedition, raid
annus, -ī, m.year
nāvis, -is, f.ship
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
trānsgredior, -ī, -gressus sumcross over
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
domō, -āre, -uī, -itustame, subdue, master
que, enclitic conj.and
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild in or into; draw up; equip, furnish,
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
spēs, speī, f.hope
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
sī, conj.if
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
situs, -a, -umplaced, situated
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
Gallicus, -a, -umGallic, of Gaul
quoque, adv.also
mare, maris, n.sea
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
valēns, -entisstrong, powerful
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vicis (gen.), vicem f.change, turn; in vicem: in turn
ūsus, -ūs, m.use; experience
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
angustē (adv.; comp. angustius)closely, tightly, in a narrow space
noster, -tra, -trumour
īnsula, -ae, f.island
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
homō, hominis, m.man
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
multum, -ī, n.much
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
differō, differre, distulī, dīlātumdiffer; scatter, put off
bonus, -a, -umgood
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
commercium, -ī n.trade, dealings; means of communication
negōtiātor, -ōris m.trader, merchant
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
domesticus, -a, -umof one's own home, domestic
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
rēgulus, -ī m.petty king, prince; a royal official
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
saepe, adv.often, frequently
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
modicus, -a, -ummoderate, small; modicum: a little
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
dēbellō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfight to the finish; subdue completely
obtineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
ubīque (adv.)everywhere
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
veluteven or just as, as
cōnspectus, -ūs, m.sight
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.