| crēscō, -ere, crēvī, crētum | grow, rise (in power) |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| exsultō, -āre, -āvī | leap up; exult, revel, run riot |
| discutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussus | shatter; clear away |
| senectūs, -tūtis f. | old age |
| recalēscō, -ere, -caluī | grow warm again, regain one's ardour |
| quotiēns (adv.) | how many times; as often as |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | drive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptus | write |
| intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctus | perceive, understand |
| quantum, adv. | how much? how? |
| tū, tuī, pers. pron. | thou, you |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| nam, conj. | for |
| turba, -ae f. | crowd |
| ōlim, adv. | once upon a time, once, formerly, of old |
| relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictus | leave behind, leave |
| superiaciō, -ere, -iēcī, -iectus | throw over, fling over; overtop |
| sī, conj. | if |
| agricola, -ae m. | farmer, tiller of the soil |
| arbor, -oris, f. | tree |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| frūctus, -ūs, m. | enjoyment; fruit |
| perdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead or bring through, lead, bring |
| dēlectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | please, delight; passive: enjoy, take pleasure in |
| pāstor, -tōris, m. | shepherd |
| fētus, -ūs m. | offspring, young; fruit, produce (of plants) |
| grex, gregis m. | flock, herd; band, gang |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | take, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt |
| voluptās, -tātis, f. | pleasure |
| alumnus, -ī m. | foster-child, nursling |
| nēmō, nēminis, m. and f. | no one, nobody |
| aliter, adv. | in another way, otherwise, differently |
| intueor, -tuērī, -tuitus | look upon, behold |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| adulēscentia, -ae, f. | youth |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | judge, decide |
| quis, quid, interrog. pron. | who? which? what? |
| ēveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come out; turn out, happen, befall |
| crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | believe |
| ingenium, -ī n. | natural ability, talent, cleverness; character |
| ēducō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | bring up, rear, raise (children) |
| tener, -era, -erum | young, tender |
| fōrmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | shape, form, fashion |
| adultus, -a, -um | grown up, full-grown, mature |
| subitō, adv. | unexpectedly, suddenly |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus | see; pass., seem |
| assero (adserō), -ere, -seruī, -sertum | lay claim to, claim |
| ego, meī, pers. pron. | I |
| meus, -a, -um | my, mine |
| opus, operis, n. | work, task |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| indolēs, -is f. | natural character, nature, spirit |
| tuus, -a, -um | thy, thine, your |
| iniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectus | throw in or upon; cause, inspire |
| manus, -ūs, f. | hand |
| exhortor, -ārī, -ātus sum | encourage, urge on |
| addō, -ere, -didī, -ditus | add, put to |
| stimulus, -ī m. | goad; in Caesar an iron spike set in the ground |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| lentē (adv.; comp. lentius) | slowly |
| eō, īre, iī, itus | go |
| patior, patī, passus, bear | suffer, allow |
| sed, conj. | but |
| subinde (adv.) | immediately after; repeatedly, from time to time |
| incitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | stir up, provoke |
| nunc, adv. | now |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| currō, currere, cucurrī, cursus | run |
| hortor, -ārī, -ātus | exhort, encourage, urge |
| invicem (adv.) | in turn, mutually; ad invicem: to one another |
| alius, -a, -ud | another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others |
| inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verb | I say, you say, he says |
| adhūc, adv. | to this point, up to this time, yet, still |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| multus, -a, -um | much, great; plur., many |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| sīc, adv. | so, thus |
| quōmodo (adv.) | how; in what way |
| prīncipium, -ī n. | beginning; prīncipiō, in the first place |
| tōtus, -a, -um | all the, the whole or entire |
| dīmidium, -ī n. | half |
| occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātus | seize; fill |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| iste, ista, istud, dem. pron. | that of yours, that |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrus | stand together, agree; consist; |
| itaque, adv. | and so, accordingly, therefore |
| pars, partis, f. | part, side, direction |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| bonitās, -ātis f. | goodness, fertility (of land) |
| fīō, fierī, factus sum | be done or made, become, happen |
| bonus, -a, -um | good |
| sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | know |
| perfectus, -a, -um | complete, perfect; blameless |
| absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtus | release, set free; acquit (of: gen.) |
| malus, -a, -um | bad |
| nūllus, -a, -um | not any, none, no |
| vīs, vīs, f. | violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main |
| necessitās, -ātis f. | necessity, compulsion |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| prōspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum | look ahead, provide for (+ dat.) |
| persevērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | persist |
| incumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitum | lean on; throw oneself into, devote oneself to |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| factum, -ī n. | deed, act |
| dictum, -ī n. | word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient) |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| congruō, -ere, -uī | agree, fit, coincide |
| respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsus | reply, answer |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| fōrma, -ae, f. | form, appearance; beauty |
| percutiō, -cutere, -cussī, -cussus | strike through, strike |
| rēctus, -a, -um | direct, straight |
| discordō, -āre | be at odds, quarrel, disagree |
| valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrus | be strong or effectual, have effect, prevail |