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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 81

Jugurtha and Bocchus march on Cirta

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Iug. 81.1Igitur in locum ambōbus placitum exercitūs conveniunt.So the armies met at a place agreed by both. Iug. 81.1Ibi fidē datā et acceptā Iugurtha Bocchī animum ōrātiōne accendit: Rōmānōs iniūstōs, profundā avāritiā, commūnīs omnium hostīs esse;There, after pledges had been given and received, Jugurtha fired Bocchus' spirit with a speech: the Romans were unjust, of boundless greed, the common enemies of all mankind; Iug. 81.1eandem illōs causam bellī cum Bocchō habēre, quam sēcum et cum aliīs gentibus, lubīdinem imperitandī, Quīs omnia regna advorsa sint;they had the same reason for war with Bocchus as with himself and other nations, the lust for dominion, to which all kingdoms were hostile; Iug. 81.1tum sēsē, paulō ante Carthāginiēnsīs, item rēgem Persēn, post utī quisque opulentissumus videātur, ita Rōmānīs hostem fore.at that moment it was himself, a little before it had been the Carthaginians, likewise King Perseus, and later whoever seemed wealthiest would in turn be an enemy to the Romans. Iug. 81.2Hīs atque aliīs tālibus dictīs ad Cirtam oppidum iter cōnstituunt, quod ibi Q. Metellus praedam captīvōsque et impedīmenta locāverat.After these and other such words they decided on a march to the town of Cirta, because Quintus Metellus had placed his plunder, prisoners and baggage there.

Iug. 81.3Ita Iugurtha ratus aut captā urbe operae pretium fore aut, sī Rōmānus auxiliō suīs vēnisset, proeliō sēsē certātūrōs.So Jugurtha reckoned that either, if the city were taken, it would be worth the effort, or, if the Roman came to the help of his men, they would fight it out in battle. Iug. 81.4Nam callidus id modo festīnābat, Bocchī pācem inminuere, nē morās agitandō aliud quam bellum māllet.For in his cunning he was eager only to spoil Bocchus' chance of peace, so that he should not, by spinning out delays, come to prefer something other than war.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (87 words)
igitur, conj.therefore
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
ibi, adv.in that place, there
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
iniūstus, -a, -umunjust, unfair; harsh
profundus, -a, -umdeep
avāritia, -ae f.greed
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
omnis, -eall, every
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
bellum, -ī, n.war
cum, prep, with abl.with
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
imperitō, -āre, -āvīrule over, command (+ dat.)
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
tum, adv.then, at that time
paulō, adv.by a little, a little, somewhat
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
itemlikewise, also
rēx, rēgis, m.king
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
opulentus, -a, -umrich, wealthy, powerful
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tālis, -esuch
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
oppidum, -ī, n.town
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
quod, conj.that, in that, because
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
captīvus, -a, -umcaptive
que, enclitic conj.and
impedīmentum, -ī n.hindrance; (pl.) baggage
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
reor, rērī, ratus sumthink, suppose, reckon
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
urbs, urbis, f.city
opera, -ae, f.effort, work, labor
pretium, -ī, n.price, charge
sī, conj.if
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
nam, conj.for
callidus, -a, -umclever, crafty
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
modo, adv.only
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
pāx, pācis f.peace
imminuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtuslessen, diminish; passive: go down
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
mora, -ae, f.delay
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.