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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 76

The siege and fall of Thala

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Iug. 76.1Sed rēx, nihil iam īnfectum Metellō crēdēns, quippe quī omnia, arma tēla, locōs tempora, dēnique nātūram ipsam cēterīs imperitantem industriā vīcerat, cum līberīs et magnā parte pecūniae ex oppidō noctū profūgit.But the king, believing that nothing was now beyond Metellus' power, since by his energy he had overcome everything — arms, weapons, places, seasons, and finally nature herself, which rules over all else — fled from the town by night with his children and a great part of his money. Iug. 76.1Neque posteā in ūllō locō amplius ūnō diē aut ūnā nocte morātus, simulābat sēsē negōtī grātiā properāre, cēterum prōditiōnem timēbat, quam vītāre posse celeritāte putābat: nam tālia cōnsilia per ōtium et ex opportūnitāte capī.And thereafter, staying in no place for more than one day or one night, he pretended he was hurrying on business, but in fact he feared treachery, which he thought he could avoid by speed: for such plans are formed at leisure and when opportunity offers. Iug. 76.2At Metellus, ubi oppidānōs proeliō intentōs, simul oppidum et operibus et locō mūnītum videt, vallō fossāque moenia circumvēnit.But Metellus, when he saw that the townspeople were intent on battle and at the same time that the town was protected both by works and by its position, surrounded the walls with a rampart and a ditch.

Iug. 76.3Dein duōbus locīs ex cōpiā māxumē idōneīs vīneās agere, aggerem iacere et super aggerem inpositīs turribus opus et administrōs tūtārī;Then at two of the most suitable places available he pushed forward sheds, threw up a mound, and on the mound set towers to protect the works and the workers; Iug. 76.3contrā haec oppidānī festīnāre, parāre;against these the townspeople made haste and made preparations; Iug. 76.4prōrsus ab utrīsque nihil reliquom fierī.in short, nothing was left undone by either side. Iug. 76.5Dēnique Rōmānī, multō ante labōre proeliīsque fatīgātī, post diēs quadrāgintā quam eō ventum erat, oppidō modo potītī;At last the Romans, worn out by much toil and fighting beforehand, forty days after they had arrived there, gained possession of the town, but of the town only; Iug. 76.5praeda omnis ab perfugīs corrupta.all the plunder had been destroyed by the deserters. Iug. 76.6Iī postquam mūrum arietibus ferīrī rēsque suās adflīctās vident, aurum atque argentum et alia, quae prīma dūcuntur, domum rēgiam conportant.When they saw the wall being struck by battering rams and their own situation ruined, they carried the gold and silver and the other things counted most valuable to the royal palace.

Iug. 76.6Ibi vīnō et epulīs onerātī illaque et domum et sēmet ignī corrumpunt, et, quās victī ab hostibus poenās metuerant, eās ipsī volentēs pependēre.There, heavy with wine and feasting, they destroyed these things, the palace and themselves by fire, and the punishment they had feared from the enemy if defeated, they paid of their own free will.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (140 words)
sed, conj.but
rēx, rēgis, m.king
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
iam, adv.now, already
īnfectus, -a, -umnot done, undone, unaccomplished
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
omnis, -eall, every
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
imperitō, -āre, -āvīrule over, command (+ dat.)
industria, -ae f.diligence, hard work
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
cum, prep, with abl.with
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
oppidum, -ī, n.town
noctū, adv.at or by night
profugiō, -ere, -fūgīflee, escape
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ūllus, -a, -umany
amplius (adv.)more, further
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
nox, noctis, f.night
moror, -ārī, -ātusdelay, linger, stay
simulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpretend
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
prōditiō, -ōnis f.treachery, betrayal
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
vītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusavoid, escape
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
celeritās, -tātis, f.swiftness, quickness, speed
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
nam, conj.for
tālis, -esuch
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
opportūnitās, -ātis f.advantage, favourable feature
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
at, conj.but
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
oppidānus, -ī m.townsman (pl. the people of the town)
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
intentus, -a, -umattentive, alert, watchful
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
opus, operis, n.work, task
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
que, enclitic conj.and
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
circumveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumsurround
deinde, adv.then, next
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
idōneus, -a, -umsuitable, fit; favorable
vīnea, -ae f.shed (a movable shelter for besiegers)
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
administer, -trī m.assistant, helper
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
prōrsus (adv.)in short, in a word; altogether
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustire, wear out
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
quadrāgintā (indecl.)forty
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
modo, adv.only
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
perfuga, -ae m.deserter
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
ariēs, -etis, m.ram
feriō, -īrestrike, hit
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
adflīgō, -flīgere, -flīxi, -flīctusdash to, shatter
aurum, -ī, n.gold
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
argentum, -ī, n.silver
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
comportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātuscarry or bring together, collect
ibi, adv.in that place, there
vīnum, -ī, n.wine
epulae, -ārum f. pl.feast, banquet
onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusload, burden
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ignis, -is, m.fire
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
volō, velle, voluīwish
pendō, pendere, pependī, pēnsusweigh out, pay
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.