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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 45

Metellus restores discipline

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Iug. 45.1Sed in eā difficultāte Metellum nōn minus quam in rēbus hostīlibus magnum et sapientem virum fuisse comperior: tantā temperantiā inter ambitiōnem saevitiamque moderātum.But in this difficulty I find that Metellus was a man no less great and wise than in his dealings with the enemy: so great was the self-control with which he steered a course between currying favour and cruelty. Iug. 45.2Namque ēdictō prīmum adiūmenta ignāviae sustulisse: nē quisquam in castrīs pānem aut alium cibum coctum vēnderet, nē lixae exercitum sequerentur, nē mīles hastātus aut gregārius in castrīs nēve in agmine servom aut iūmentum habēret;For first, by an edict, he removed the aids to idleness: no one was to sell bread or any other cooked food in the camp, camp followers were not to accompany the army, no soldier, whether of the line or of the ranks, was to have a slave or a pack animal in camp or on the march; Iug. 45.2cēterīs arte modum statuisse.for everything else he set strict limits. Iug. 45.2Praetereā trānsvorsīs itineribus cottīdiē castra movēre, iūxtā ac sī hostēs adessent vallō atque fossā mūnīre, vigiliās crēbrās pōnere et eās ipse cum lēgātīs circumīre;Besides this, he moved camp every day by cross-country routes, fortified it with rampart and ditch just as if the enemy were at hand, posted frequent watches and went round them himself with his officers; Iug. 45.2item in agmine in prīmīs modo, modo in postrēmīs, saepe in mediō adesse, nē quispiam ōrdine ēgrederētur, ut cum signīs frequentēs incēderent, mīles cibum et arma portāret.likewise on the march he was present now among the foremost, now among the hindmost, often in the middle, so that no one should leave the ranks, that they should advance in close order with the standards, and that the soldier should carry his own food and arms.

Iug. 45.3Ita prohibendō ā dēlictīs magis quam vindicandō exercitum brevī cōnfirmāvit.So, by preventing offences rather than punishing them, he soon put the army in good heart.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (95 words)
sed, conj.but
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
difficultas, -tātis, f.difficulty
nōn, adv.not
minus, comp. adv.less
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
sapiēns, -entiswise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher
vir, virī, m.man
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
temperantia, -ae f.self-control
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
ambitiō, -ōnis f.canvassing for office; ambition, desire for honours
saevitia, -ae f.fierceness, cruelty
que, enclitic conj.and
moderor, -ārī, -ātus sumcontrol, manage, check
namque, conj.for
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
adiūmentum, -ī n.help, aid, support
ignāvia, -ae f.laziness; cowardice
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
pānis, -is m.bread, loaf
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
cibus, -ī, m.food
coquō, -ere, coxī, coctuscook; bake, fire (bricks)
vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditumsell
lixa, -ae m.camp follower, sutler
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
hastātus, -ī m.a soldier of the first line; prīmus hastātus: the senior centurion of the hastati
gregārius, -a, -umof the herd, common; mīles gregārius: a common soldier
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
iūmentum, -ī n.pack animal, beast of burden
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
ars, artis, f.art
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
trānsversus, -a, -umrunning across, crosswise
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
cottīdiē, adv.daily, every day
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
sī, conj.if
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
vigilia, -ae, f.watch
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cum, prep, with abl.with
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo around
itemlikewise, also
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
modo, adv.only
postrēmus, -a, -umlast
saepe, adv.often, frequently
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiamsomeone, something; any
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
frequēns, -entiscrowded, in great numbers; frequent
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
dēlictum, -ī n.offence, crime
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
vindicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpunish; claim
brevis, -eshort
cōnfirmō, -firmāre, -firmāvī, -firmātusstrengthen, establish; declare, assert
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.