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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 40

The Mamilian inquiry

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Iug. 40.1Interim Rōmae C. Mamilius Limetanus tribūnus plēbis rogātiōnem ad populum prōmulgat, utī quaererētur in eōs, quōrum cōnsiliō Iugurtha senātī dēcrēta neglēxisset, quīque ab eō in lēgātiōnibus aut imperiīs pecūniās accēpissent, quī elephantōs quīque perfugās trādidissent, item quī dē pāce aut bellō cum hostibus pactiōnēs fēcissent.Meanwhile at Rome Gaius Mamilius Limetanus, tribune of the plebs, published a bill before the people that an inquiry should be held into those on whose advice Jugurtha had disregarded the decrees of the senate, those who had taken money from him on embassies or in commands, those who had handed over elephants and deserters, and likewise those who had made agreements with the enemy about peace or war. Iug. 40.2Huic rogātiōnī partim cōnsciī sibi, aliī ex partium invidiā perīcula metuentēs, quoniam apertē resistere nōn poterant, quīn illa et alia tālia placēre sibi fatērentur, occultē per amīcōs ac māxumē per hominēs nōminis Latīnī et sociōs Italicōs impedīmenta parābant.Against this bill some, conscious of their guilt, others fearing danger from the hatred of the parties, since they could not resist it openly without admitting that these and similar acts pleased them, secretly prepared obstacles through their friends, and above all through men of the Latin name and the Italian allies.

Iug. 40.3Sed plēbēs incrēdibile memorātū est quam intenta fuerit quantāque vī rogātiōnem iusserit, magis odiō nōbilitātis, quoi mala illa parābantur, quam cūrā reī pūblicae: tanta lubīdō in partibus erat.But it is incredible to relate how determined the plebs was and with what force it passed the bill, more from hatred of the nobility, against whom those troubles were being prepared, than from concern for the state: so great was the passion of party. Iug. 40.4Igitur cēterīs metū perculsīs M. Scaurus, quem lēgātum Bēstiae fuisse suprā docuimus, inter laetitiam plēbis et suōrum fugam, trepidā etiam tum cīvitāte, quom ex Mamiliā rogātiōne trēs quaesītōrēs rogārentur, effēcerat, utī ipse in eō numerō creārētur.So, while the rest were struck with fear, Marcus Scaurus, who we have shown above had been Bestia's legate, amid the rejoicing of the plebs and the flight of his own party, while the city was still in alarm, when three commissioners were being appointed under the Mamilian bill, had managed to have himself elected among their number. Iug. 40.5Sed quaestiō exercita asperē violenterque ex rūmōre et lubīdine plēbis: utī saepe nōbilitātem, sīc eā tempestāte plēbem ex secundīs rēbus īnsolentia cēperat.But the inquiry was conducted harshly and violently, on hearsay and at the caprice of the plebs: as success had often made the nobility insolent, so at that time it had made the plebs.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (119 words)
interim (adv.)meanwhile
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
rogātiō, -ōnis f.proposed law, bill (put to the people)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
populus, -ī m.people, nation
prōmulgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspublish, propose (a law)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
senātus, -ūs m.senate
dēcrētum, -ī n.decision, decree
neglegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusdisregard, neglect
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
lēgātiō, -ōnis f.embassy, mission
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
elephantus, -ī m.elephant
perfuga, -ae m.deserter
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
itemlikewise, also
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
pāx, pācis f.peace
bellum, -ī, n.war
cum, prep, with abl.with
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
pactiō, -ōnis f.agreement, bargain
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
partim (adv.)partly (partim … partim: some … others)
cōnscius, -a, -umaware, conscious (of)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
quoniam, conj.since now, since
apertē (adv.)openly, plainly
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tālis, -esuch
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
occultē (adv.)secretly
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
homō, hominis, m.man
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
Italicus, -a, -umItalian; bellum Italicum: the Social War of 91–88 BC between Rome and its Italian allies
impedīmentum, -ī n.hindrance; (pl.) baggage
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
sed, conj.but
incrēdibilis, eincredible
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
intentus, -a, -umattentive, alert, watchful
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
que, enclitic conj.and
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
odium, -ī, n.hatred
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
malus, -a, -umbad
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
igitur, conj.therefore
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
percellō, -ere, -culī, -culsusstrike down; dismay, crush
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
fuga, -ae, f.flight
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
tum, adv.then, at that time
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
quaesītor, -ōris m.investigator, judge of an inquiry
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
numerus, -ī, m.number
creō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuselect, appoint
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitusexercise
asperē (adv.)harshly, roughly, severely
violenter (adv.)violently, vehemently, fiercely
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
saepe, adv.often, frequently
sīc, adv.so, thus
tempestās, -tātis, f.weather; storm, tempest
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
īnsolentia, -ae f.arrogance, insolence
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.