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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 100

Marius marches to winter quarters

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Iug. 100.1Dein Marius, utī coeperat, in hīberna it: propter commeātum in oppidīs maritumīs agere dēcrēverat;Then Marius goes into winter quarters, as he had begun to do: he had decided to spend the winter in the coastal towns for the sake of supplies; Iug. 100.1neque tamen victōriā sōcors aut īnsolēns factus, sed pariter atque in cōnspectū hostium quadrātō agmine incēdere.yet he did not become careless or overbearing through victory, but advanced in a square formation just as if in sight of the enemy. Iug. 100.1Sulla cum equitātū apud dextumōs, in sinistrā parte A. Mānlius cum funditōribus et sagittāriīs, praetereā cohortīs Ligurum cūrābat.Sulla with the cavalry had charge on the extreme right, on the left Aulus Manlius with the slingers and archers, and besides the cohorts of Ligurians. Iug. 100.2Prīmōs et extrēmōs cum expedītīs manipulīs tribūnōs locāverat.The front and rear he had assigned to the tribunes with the light-armed maniples. Iug. 100.3Perfugae, minumē cārī et regiōnum scientissumī, hostium iter explōrābant.Deserters, held of least account and best acquainted with the region, scouted the enemy's route. Iug. 100.3Simul cōnsul quasi nūllō inpositō omnia prōvidēre, apud omnīs adesse, laudāre et increpāre merentīs.At the same time the consul, as though no one had been given charge, saw to everything, was present among all, and praised and rebuked those who deserved it.

Iug. 100.4Ipse armātus intentusque, item mīlitēs cōgēbat.He himself was armed and alert, and he compelled the soldiers to be so too. Iug. 100.4Neque secus atque iter facere, castra mūnīre, excubitum in portā cohortīs ex legiōnibus, prō castrīs equitēs auxiliāriōs mittere, praetereā aliōs super vallum in mūnīmentīs locāre, vigiliās ipse circumīre, nōn tam diffīdentiā futūrum quae imperāvisset, quam utī mīlitibus exaequātus cum imperātōre labor volentibus esset.And in just the same way that he marched, he fortified his camp, sent cohorts from the legions to keep watch at the gates and auxiliary cavalry in front of the camp, posted others besides on the rampart in the fortifications, and went round the sentries himself, not so much from distrust that his orders would be carried out, as so that the soldiers might bear willingly a labour shared equally with their commander. Iug. 100.5Et sānē Marius illōque aliīsque temporibus Iugurthīnī bellī pudōre magis quam malō exercitum coercēbat.And indeed Marius, both at that time and at other times in the Jugurthine War, kept his army in check by shame rather than by punishment.

Iug. 100.5Quod multī per ambitiōnem fierī Aiēbant: ā pueritiā cōnsuētam dūritiam et alia, quae cēterī miseriās vocant, voluptātī habuisse;Many said that this was done to court popularity: that from boyhood he had taken pleasure in the hardship he was used to, and in the other things which the rest call miseries; Iug. 100.5nisi tamen rēs pūblica pariter ac saevissumō imperiō bene atque decōrē gesta.and yet the commonwealth was served as well and as honourably as it would have been under the harshest command.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (130 words)
deinde, adv.then, next
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hīberna, -ōrum n. pl.winter quarters
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
oppidum, -ī, n.town
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
victōria, -ae, f.victory
sōcors, -cordiscareless, slack, indolent
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
īnsolēns, -entisunaccustomed (to: gen.); excessive, arrogant
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
sed, conj.but
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
cōnspectus, -ūs, m.sight
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
quadrātus, -a, -umsquared, square; saxum quadrātum: dressed stone
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
cum, prep, with abl.with
equitātus, -ūs m.cavalry
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
dexter, -tra, -trumright
sinister, -tra, -trumleft
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
funditor, -ōris m.slinger
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
sagittārius, -ī m.archer
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
manipulus, -ī m.maniple (a company of soldiers)
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
perfuga, -ae m.deserter
minimē, adv.least, very little; by no means, not at all
cārus, -a, -umdear, precious
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
sciēns, -entisknowing, aware; skilled, expert in (+ gen.)
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
explōrō, -plōrāre, -plōrāvī, -plōrātussearch out, explore
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
quasi, conj.as if
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
omnis, -eall, every
prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsumforesee; provide for
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
increpō, -āre, -uī, -itusmake a noise, rattle; rebuke
mereor, -ērī, meritus sumdeserve; (dē) do service to
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
armātus, -a, -umarmed
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
que, enclitic conj.and
itemlikewise, also
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
secus (prep. + acc.)beside, along
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
excubō, -āre, -cubuī, -cubitumkeep watch, stand guard; stay out at night
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
auxiliārius, -a, -umauxiliary (of troops raised from allies, not legionaries)
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
mūnīmentum, -ī n.defence, barrier
vigilia, -ae, f.watch
circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo around
nōn, adv.not
tam, adv.so
diffīdentia, -ae f.distrust, lack of confidence, mistrust
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
exaequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummake equal, level
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
volō, velle, voluīwish
sānē, adv.certainly, by all means; very
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
Iugurthīnus, -a, -umof Jugurtha, Jugurthine
bellum, -ī, n.war
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
coerceō, -ēre, coercuī, coercitumrestrain, keep in check
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ambitiō, -ōnis f.canvassing for office; ambition, desire for honours
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
pueritia, -ae, f.boyhood
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
dūritia, -ae f.hardness; hardship, endurance
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
miseria, -ae f.misery, distress, suffering
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
nisi, conj.if not, unless
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
bene, adv.well; successfully
decōrē (adv.)fittingly, becomingly, gracefully
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.