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Pliny · Epistulae IX

Pliny, Letter 9.36

A summer day in Tuscany

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Ep. 9.36.1Quaeris, quemadmodum in Tuscīs diem aestāte dispōnam.You ask how I arrange my day in summer on my Tuscan estate. Ep. 9.36.1Ēvigilō cum libuit, plērumque circā hōram prīmam, saepe ante, tardius rārō.I wake when I please, usually about the first hour, often before, rarely later. Ep. 9.36.1Clausae fenestrae manent;The windows stay shut; Ep. 9.36.1mīrē enim silentiō et tenebrīs ab iīs quae āvocant abductus et līber et mihi relictus, nōn oculōs animō sed animum oculīs sequor, quī eadem quae mēns vident, quotiēns nōn vident alia.for in silence and darkness I am wonderfully withdrawn from what distracts me, free and left to myself, and I do not make my mind follow my eyes but my eyes follow my mind, for they see what the mind sees, whenever they see nothing else. Ep. 9.36.2Cōgitō, sī quid in manibus, cōgitō ad verbum scrībentī ēmendantīque similis, nunc pauciōra nunc plūra, ut vel difficile vel facile compōnī tenērīve potuērunt.I think over anything I have in hand, think it over word for word like a man writing and correcting, now less, now more, according as it could be composed and retained with difficulty or with ease.

Ep. 9.36.2Notārium vocō et diē admissō quae fōrmāveram dictō;I call my secretary and, letting in the daylight, dictate what I had shaped; Ep. 9.36.2abit rūrsusque revocātur rūrsusque dīmittitur.he goes away, is called back again, and is again dismissed. Ep. 9.36.3Ubi hōra quarta vel quīnta - neque enim certum dīmēnsumque tempus -, ut diēs suāsit, in xystum mē vel cryptoporticum cōnferō, reliqua meditor et dictō.At the fourth or fifth hour — for the time is not fixed and measured — as the weather suggests, I betake myself to the terrace or the covered colonnade, and think over and dictate the rest. Ep. 9.36.3Vehiculum ascendō.I get into a carriage. Ep. 9.36.3Ibi quoque idem quod ambulāns aut iacēns;There too I do the same as when walking or lying down; Ep. 9.36.3dūrat intentiō mūtātiōne ipsā refecta.my concentration lasts, refreshed by the very change. Ep. 9.36.3Paulum redormiō, Dein ambulō, mox ōrātiōnem Graecam Latīnamve clārē et intentē nōn tam vōcis causā quam stomachī legō;I sleep a little more, then walk, then read aloud a Greek or Latin speech, clearly and attentively, not so much for the sake of my voice as of my digestion; Ep. 9.36.3pariter tamen et illa firmātur.yet the voice is strengthened at the same time.

Ep. 9.36.4Iterum ambulō ungor exerceor lavor.Again I walk, am oiled, take exercise, and bathe. Ep. 9.36.4Cēnantī mihi, sī cum uxōre vel paucīs, liber legitur;While I dine, if with my wife or a few friends, a book is read aloud; Ep. 9.36.4post cēnam cōmoedia aut lyristēs;after dinner a comic actor or a lyre-player; Ep. 9.36.4mox cum meīs ambulō, quōrum in numerō sunt ērudītī.then I walk with my household, among whom are some learned men. Ep. 9.36.4Ita variīs sermōnibus vespera extenditur, et quamquam longissimus diēs bene conditur.So the evening is drawn out with varied conversation, and the day, even the longest, is well laid to rest. Ep. 9.36.5Nōn numquam ex hōc ōrdine aliqua mūtantur;Sometimes some things in this routine are changed; Ep. 9.36.5nam, sī diū iacuī vel ambulāvī, post somnum dēmum lēctiōnemque nōn vehiculō sed, quod brevius quia vēlōcius, equō gestor.for if I have lain or walked for a long time, only after my sleep and reading do I take exercise, not in a carriage but on horseback, which is shorter because quicker. Ep. 9.36.5Interveniunt amīcī ex proximīs oppidīs, partemque diēī ad sē trahunt interdumque lassō mihi opportūnā interpellātiōne subveniunt.Friends come in from the neighbouring towns and draw part of the day to themselves, and sometimes, when I am tired, come to my aid with a timely interruption.

Ep. 9.36.6Vēnor aliquandō, sed nōn sine pugillāribus, ut quamvīs nihil cēperim nōn nihil referam.I hunt now and then, but not without my writing tablets, so that even if I have caught nothing I may still bring something back. Ep. 9.36.6Datur et colōnīs, ut vidētur ipsīs, nōn satis temporis, quōrum mihi agrestēs querēlae litterās nostrās et haec urbāna opera commendant.Time is given too to my tenants — not enough, as they themselves think — whose rustic complaints make my literary work and these urban occupations all the more welcome to me. Ep. 9.36.6Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (187 words)
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
quemadmodum (adv.)how, in what way; just as
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
ēvigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswake up, awake
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
libet, -ēre, libuit (impers.)it pleases; mihi libet: I like, I want
plērumque (adv.)generally, mostly
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
hōra, -ae, f.hour
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
saepe, adv.often, frequently
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
tardē (adv.)slowly; comp. tardius
rārō (adv.)seldom, rarely
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
fenestra, -ae f.window, opening
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
mīrē (adv.)wonderfully, remarkably
enim, conj.for
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
āvocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall away, divert
abdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or take away
līber, lībera, līberumfree
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
nōn, adv.not
oculus, -ī, m.eye
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sed, conj.but
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
quotiēns (adv.)how many times; as often as
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, think over
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
manus, -ūs, f.hand
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
verbum, -ī, n.word
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
ēmendō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscorrect, make good, remove faults
que, enclitic conj.and
similis, -elike, similar (vērī similis: likely)
nunc, adv.now
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
velor; vel … vel: either … or
difficile (adv.)with difficulty
facile, adv.easily
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
notārius, -ī m.shorthand writer, secretary
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend to, admit; allow
fōrmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshape, form, fashion
dictō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay repeatedly; dictate
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
rūrsus, adv.again
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
quartus, -a, -umfourth
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
dīmētior, -īrī, dīmēnsus summeasure out (perfect participle often passive)
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
xystus, -ī m.open terrace, garden walk
cryptoporticus, -ūs f.covered gallery, enclosed colonnade
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
meditor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink over, plan; practise, train for
vehiculum, -ī n.vehicle, carriage
ascendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb to, ascend, mount
ibi, adv.in that place, there
quoque, adv.also
ambulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwalk
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
dūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharden, toughen
intentiō, -ōnis f.close attention, concentration, effort
mūtātiō, -ōnis f.change, alteration
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
reficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake anew, renew, repair
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
redormiō, -īrego back to sleep
deinde, adv.then, next
mox, adv.soon
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
clārē (adv.)clearly, distinctly
intentē (adv.)attentively, intently; vigorously
tam, adv.so
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
stomachus, -ī m.gullet, windpipe; stomach
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
iterum, adv.again, a second time
ungō, ungere, ūnxī, ūnctussmear, anoint
exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitusexercise
lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautuswash; passive: bathe
cēnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdine
cum, prep, with abl.with
uxor, -ōris, f.wife
liber, librī m.book; record
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
cēna, -ae, f.dinner
cōmoedia, -ae f.comedy
lyristēs, -ae m.lyre-player
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
numerus, -ī, m.number
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ērudiō, -rudīre, -rudīvī, -rudītusinstruct
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
varius, -a, -umvarious
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
vespera, -ae f.evening
extendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentumstretch out, extend
quamquam, conj.however much, although
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
bene, adv.well; successfully
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
numquam, adv.never
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
nam, conj.for
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
dēmum, adv.at last
lēctiō, -ōnis f.a reading; reading aloud; a choosing, selection
brevis, -eshort
quia (conj.)because
vēlōx, vēlōcisswift, fast
equus, -ī, m.horse
gestō, -ārecarry, wear
interveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumcome in between, arrive in the middle of things
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
oppidum, -ī, n.town
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
interdum (adv.)sometimes
lassus, -a, -umweary, tired
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
interpellātiō, -ōnis f.interruption
subveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventuscome to help, rescue (+ dat.)
vēnor, -ārī, -ātus sumhunt
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
sine, prep. with abl.without
pugillārēs, -ium m. pl.writing tablets, notebook
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
colōnus, -ī m.settler, colonist; farmer
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
agrestis, -eof the country, rustic; boorish
querēla, -ae f.complaint, lament
littera, -ae f.letter (of the alphabet); pl. letter, writing
noster, -tra, -trumour
urbānus, -a, -umof the city (Rome), urban
opus, operis, n.work, task
commendō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentrust, commit; recommend
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae IX. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.