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Pliny · Epistulae VII

Pliny, Letter 7.4

How Pliny came to write verse

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Ep. 7.4.1Ais lēgisse tē hendecasyllabōs meōs;You say that you have read my hendecasyllables; Ep. 7.4.1requīris etiam quemadmodum coeperim scrībere, homō ut tibi videor sevērus, ut ipse fateor nōn ineptus.you also ask how I came to start writing them, a serious man, as I seem to you, and, as I myself admit, not a frivolous one. Ep. 7.4.2Numquam ā poēticē - altius enim repetam - aliēnus fuī;I have never — for I shall go back further — been a stranger to poetry; Ep. 7.4.2quīn etiam quattuordecim nātus annōs Graecam tragoediam scrīpsī.indeed, at fourteen years old I wrote a Greek tragedy. Ep. 7.4.2"Quālem?"'What sort?' Ep. 7.4.2inquis.you say. Ep. 7.4.2Nesciō;I do not know; Ep. 7.4.2tragoedia vocābātur.it was called a tragedy. Ep. 7.4.3Mox, cum ē mīlitiā rediēns in Īcariā īnsulā ventīs dētinērer, Latīnōs elegōs in illud ipsum mare ipsamque īnsulam fēcī.Later, when on my way back from military service I was held up by the winds on the island of Icaria, I composed Latin elegiacs on that very sea and that very island. Ep. 7.4.3Expertus sum mē aliquandō et hērōō, hendecasyllabīs nunc prīmum, quōrum hic nātālis haec causa est.I have occasionally tried my hand at heroic verse too, and now for the first time at hendecasyllables, of which this is the birth and this the cause.

Ep. 7.4.3Legēbantur in Laurentīnō mihi librī Asinī Gallī dē comparātiōne patris et Cicerōnis.At my Laurentine villa the books of Asinius Gallus on the comparison between his father and Cicero were being read to me. Ep. 7.4.3Incidit epigramma Cicerōnis in Tīrōnem suum.There came up an epigram of Cicero's on his Tiro. Ep. 7.4.4Dein cum merīdiē - erat enim aestās - dormītūrus mē recēpissem, nec obrēperet somnus, coepī reputāre maximōs ōrātōrēs hoc studiī genus et in oblectātiōnibus habuisse et in laude posuisse.Then, when I had retired at midday — for it was summer — to sleep, and sleep would not steal over me, I began to reflect that the greatest orators had both counted this kind of pursuit among their amusements and held it to their credit. Ep. 7.4.5Intendī animum contrāque opīniōnem meam post longam dēsuētūdinem perquam exiguō temporis mōmentō id ipsum, quod mē ad scrībendum sollicitāverat, hīs versibus exarāvī: Cum librōs Gallī legerem, quibus ille parentī ausus dē Cicerōne dare est palmamque decusque, lascīvum invēnī lūsum Cicerōnis et illō spectandum ingeniō, quō sēria condidit et quō hūmānīs salibus multō variōque lepōre magnōrum ostendit mentēs gaudēre virōrum.I set my mind to it, and contrary to my own expectation, after long disuse, in a very brief moment of time, I set down in these verses the very thing that had prompted me to write: As I was reading the books of Gallus, in which he dared to give his father the palm and the glory over Cicero, I came upon a playful jest of Cicero's, worth admiring for that same genius with which he composed his serious works, and with which he showed that the minds of great men delight in humane wit and in much and varied charm.

Ep. 7.4.6Nam queritur quod fraude malā frūstrātus amantem paucula cēnātō sibi dēbita sāviā Tīrō tempore nocturnō subtrāxerit.For he complains that Tiro, by wicked deceit, cheated his lover and withheld, in the night-time, the few kisses owed to him after dinner. Ep. 7.4.5bHīs ego lēctīs "cūr post haec" inquam "nostrōs cēlāmus amōrēs nūllumque in medium timidī damus atque fatēmur Tīrōnisque dolōs, Tīrōnis nōsse fugācēs blanditiās et fūrta novās addentia flammās?"Having read these lines I said: 'Why after this do we hide our loves, and timidly bring none into the open, and why do we not confess that we too know Tiro's wiles, Tiro's fleeting caresses and the stolen favours that add new flames?' Ep. 7.4.7Trānsiī ad elegōs;I moved on to elegiacs; Ep. 7.4.7hōs quoque nōn minus celeriter explicuī, addidī aliōs facilitāte corruptus.these too I dashed off no less quickly, and, seduced by the ease of it, I added others. Ep. 7.4.7Deinde in urbem reversus sodālibus lēgī;Then, back in the city, I read them to my friends; Ep. 7.4.7probāvērunt.they approved. Ep. 7.4.8Inde plūra metra sī quid ōtiī, ac maximē in itinere temptāvī.After that I tried more metres whenever I had any leisure, and especially on journeys.

Ep. 7.4.8Postrēmō placuit exemplō multōrum ūnum sēparātim hendecasyllabōrum volūmen absolvere, nec paenitet.Finally I decided, following the example of many, to complete a separate volume of hendecasyllables on its own, and I do not regret it. Ep. 7.4.9Legitur dēscrībitur cantātur etiam, et ā Graecīs quoque, quōs Latīnē huius libellī amor docuit, nunc citharā nunc lyrā personātur.It is read, copied, even sung, and it is performed, now on the cithara, now on the lyre, by Greeks as well, whom love of this little book has taught Latin. Ep. 7.4.10Sed quid ego tam glōriōsē?But why do I talk so boastfully? Ep. 7.4.10Quamquam poētīs furere concessum est.Still, poets are allowed to rave. Ep. 7.4.10Et tamen nōn dē meō sed dē aliōrum iūdiciō loquor;And yet I am speaking not of my own judgement but of other people's; Ep. 7.4.10quī sīve iūdicant sīve errant, mē dēlectat.and whether they judge rightly or are mistaken, it delights me. Ep. 7.4.10Ūnum precor, ut posterī quoque aut errent similiter aut iūdicent.One thing I pray: that posterity too may either be mistaken or judge in the same way.

Ep. 7.4.10Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (210 words)
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
hendecasyllabus, -ī m.eleven-syllable verse; (pl.) light poems in that metre
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
quemadmodum (adv.)how, in what way; just as
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
homō, hominis, m.man
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sevērus, -a, -umstern, strict, severe
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
nōn, adv.not
ineptus, -a, -umfoolish, absurd, out of place
numquam, adv.never
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
poēticē, -ēs f.poetry, the art of poetry
altē (adv.)high; deep
enim, conj.for
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
quattuordecim (indecl.)fourteen
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
annus, -ī, m.year
tragoedia, -ae f.tragedy; (fig.) bombast, theatrical fuss
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
mox, adv.soon
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
mīlitia, -ae f.military service
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
īnsula, -ae, f.island
ventus, -ī, m.wind
dētineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentumhold back, detain
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
elegī, -ōrum m. pl.elegiac verses
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
mare, maris, n.sea
que, enclitic conj.and
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
hērōus, -a, -umheroic; hērōus pēs: the hexameter, epic verse
nunc, adv.now
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nātālis, -eof birth (diēs nātālis: birthday)
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
liber, librī m.book; record
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
comparātiō, -ōnis f.preparation, arrangement; comparison
pater, patris, m.father
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
epigramma, -atis n.an epigram, a short poem
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
deinde, adv.then, next
cum, prep, with abl.with
merīdiēs, -ēī, m.midday, noon; south
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
dormiō, -īre, -īvīsleep
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
obrēpō, -ere, -rēpsī, -rēptumcreep up on, steal over
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
reputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, reckon among; think over
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ōrātor, -ōris m.speaker; envoy
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
oblectātiō, -ōnis f.delight, amusement, entertainment
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
dēsuētūdō, -inis f.disuse, being out of the habit
perquam (adv.)extremely, very much
exiguus, -a, -umsmall, scanty, short
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
mōmentum, -ī n.weight, importance; levī mōmentō: as a slight matter
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, tempt
versus, -ūs m.line (of writing), verse
exarō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplough up; write (scratch on wax), jot down
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
lascīvus, -a, -umplayful, frisky; wanton
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
lūsus, -ūs m.play, game, sport
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
sērius, -a, -umserious; (n. pl. as noun) serious matters
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
sāl, salis, m.salt
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
varius, -a, -umvarious
lepōs, -ōris m.charm, grace, wit
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
vir, virī, m.man
nam, conj.for
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
quod, conj.that, in that, because
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
malus, -a, -umbad
frūstror, -ārī, -ātus sumdeceive, disappoint; tē ipsum frūstrāberis: you will cheat yourself
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
pauculus, -a, -umvery few, just a few
cēnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdine
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
sāvior, -ārī, -ātus sumkiss
nocturnus, -a, -umof night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time
subtrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumtake away, withdraw
cūr, adv.why
noster, -tra, -trumour
cēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushide, conceal
amor, -ōris, m.love
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
medium, -ī n.the middle; in mediō: in the midst
timidus, -a, -umfearful, timid
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dolus, -ī, m.trick, craft
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
fugāx, -ācisfleeing, swift; shy
blanditia, -ae f.flattery, coaxing; (pl.) endearments
fūrtum, -ī, n.theft
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
flamma, -ae, f.flame
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
quoque, adv.also
minus, comp. adv.less
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
explicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusunfold, spread out; set out, explain
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
facilitās, -ātis f.easiness of manner, good nature, approachability
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
urbs, urbis, f.city
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
sodālis, -is m.companion, crony
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
inde (adv.)from there; then
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
metrum, -ī n.metre, verse
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
sēparātim (adv.)separately
volūmen, -inis n.roll (of writing), book
absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusrelease, set free; acquit (of: gen.)
paeniteō, -ēre, -uīcause regret; impersonal: it causes regret (to)
dēscrībō, -scrībere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuswrite out; mark out, arrange, plan
cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussing
Latīnē (adv.)in Latin
libellus, -ī m.little book; written document; libellus repudiī: certificate of divorce
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
cithara, -ae, f.cithara, lute, lyre
lyra, -ae f.lyre; lyric poetry; (cap.) the Lyre, a constellation
personō, -āre, -uīresound; play loudly (on an instrument)
sed, conj.but
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
tam, adv.so
glōriōsē (adv.)gloriously; boastfully
quamquam, conj.however much, although
poēta, -ae, m.poet
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
dēlectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplease, delight; passive: enjoy, take pleasure in
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
posterī, -ōrum m. pl.descendants, posterity
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
similiter (adv.)likewise, in the same way
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae VII. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.