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Pliny · Epistulae VI

Pliny, Letter 6.22

A treacherous staff officer exposed

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Ep. 6.22.1Magna rēs ācta est omnium quī sunt prōvinciīs praefutūrī, magna omnium quī sē simpliciter crēdunt amīcīs.A great case has been tried, of concern to all who are going to govern provinces, of great concern to all who trust their friends without reserve. Ep. 6.22.2Lustricius Bruttiānus cum Montānium Atticīnum comitem suum in multīs flāgitiīs dēprehendisset, Caesarī scrīpsit.Lustricius Bruttianus, having caught Montanius Atticinus, a member of his staff, in many disgraceful acts, wrote to Caesar. Ep. 6.22.2Atticīnus flāgitiīs addidit, ut quem dēcēperat accūsāret.Atticinus added to his disgraceful acts by accusing the man he had deceived. Ep. 6.22.2Recepta cognitiō est;The inquiry was taken up; Ep. 6.22.2fuī in cōnsiliō.I was on the council. Ep. 6.22.2Ēgit uterque prō sē, ēgit autem carptim et quō genere, vēritās statim ostenditur statim ostenditur.Each pleaded for himself, but pleaded briefly and point by point, a method by which the truth is shown at once. Ep. 6.22.3Prōtulit Bruttiānus testāmentum suum, quod Atticīnī manū scrīptum esse dīcēbat;Bruttianus produced his will, which he said had been written in Atticinus' hand; Ep. 6.22.3hōc enim et arcāna familiāritās et querendī dē eō, quem sīc amāsset, necessitās indicābātur.for by this were shown both their close intimacy and the necessity of complaining about a man whom he had loved so much.

Ep. 6.22.4Ēnumerāvit crīmina foeda manifesta;He listed charges, foul and manifest; Ep. 6.22.4quae ille cum dīluere nōn posset, ita regessit, ut dum dēfenditur turpis, dum accūsat scelerātus probārētur.and when Atticinus could not refute them, he retorted in such a way that, while defending himself, he was proved base, and while accusing, criminal. Ep. 6.22.4Corruptō enim scrībae servō intercēperat commentāriōs intercīderatque, ac per summum nefās ūtēbātur adversus amīcum crīmine suō.For he had bribed the secretary's slave, intercepted the records and cut out parts of them, and, most wickedly, was using his own crime against his friend. Ep. 6.22.5Fēcit pulcherrimē Caesar: nōn enim dē Bruttiānō, sed statim dē Atticīnō perrogāvit.Caesar acted splendidly: for he put the question not about Bruttianus but at once about Atticinus. Ep. 6.22.5Damnātus et in īnsulam relēgātus;He was condemned and banished to an island; Ep. 6.22.5Bruttiānō iūstissimum integritātis testimōnium redditum, quem quidem etiam cōnstantiae glōria secūta est.Bruttianus was given a most just testimony to his integrity, and the glory of firmness too followed him. Ep. 6.22.6Nam dēfēnsus expedītissimē accūsāvit vehementer, nec minus ācer quam bonus et sincērus appāruit.For after defending himself most promptly he accused vigorously, and showed himself no less spirited than good and honest.

Ep. 6.22.7Quod tibi scrīpsī, ut tē sortītum prōvinciam praemonērem, plūrimum tibi crēdās, nec cuiquam satis fīdās, deinde sciās sī quis forte tē - quod abōminor - fallat, parātam ultiōnem.I have written this to you to warn you in advance, now that you have been allotted a province, to trust very much to yourself and not to rely too much on anyone, and then to know that if anyone should happen to deceive you — which heaven forbid — vengeance is ready. Ep. 6.22.7Quā tamen nē sit opus, etiam atque etiam attende;Yet take care again and again that there may be no need of it; Ep. 6.22.8neque enim tam iūcundum est vindicārī quam dēcipī miserum.for it is not so pleasant to be avenged as it is wretched to be deceived. Ep. 6.22.8Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×2, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (130 words)
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
omnis, -eall, every
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
praesum, -esse, -fuībe before, preside over, have charge of, command
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
simpliciter (adv.)simply, plainly, frankly
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
flāgitium, -ī n.shameful act, disgrace, outrage
dēprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsuscatch, seize, overtake; detect
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
dēcipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptuscatch, deceive
accūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumblame, accuse
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
cognitiō, -ōnis f.learning, knowledge, study
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
carptim (adv.)piecemeal, in selected parts
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
testāmentum, -ī n.will (testament)
manus, -ūs, f.hand
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
enim, conj.for
arcānus, -a, -umsecret, hidden
familiāritās, -ātis f.close friendship
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
sīc, adv.so, thus
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
necessitās, -ātis f.necessity, compulsion
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
ēnumerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount up; list, recount
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
foedus, -a, -umfoul, loathsome, hideous
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dīluō, -ere, -luī, -lūtumwash away, dissolve
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
regerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestusthrow back, carry back; heap back
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
turpis, -edisgraceful
scelerātus, -a, -umwicked, criminal
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
scrība, -ae m.clerk, secretary (public clerks of the treasury)
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
intercipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptumintercept, catch
commentārius, -ī m.notebook, record; (pl.) memoirs, a commentary (Caesar's own account of his campaigns)
intercīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut through, cut apart
que, enclitic conj.and
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
pulchrē (adv.)beautifully, finely; very well
sed, conj.but
perrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask in turn (opinions in the senate)
damnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcondemn
īnsula, -ae, f.island
relēgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussend away, remove; banish
iūstus, -a, -umjust
integritās, -ātis f.uprightness, honesty
testimōnium, -ī n.evidence, proof
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
glōria, -ae, f.glory
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
nam, conj.for
expedītē (adv.)readily, easily, fluently
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
minus, comp. adv.less
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
bonus, -a, -umgood
sincērus, -a, -umpure, sound, chaste
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
sortior, -īrī, -ītuscast or draw lots
praemoneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn beforehand, forewarn
plūrimum (adv.)most, very much (plūrimum posse: be most powerful)
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
fīdō, -ere, fīsus sumtrust, rely on (+ dat. or abl.); fīdēns, confident, bold
deinde, adv.then, next
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
abōminor, -ārī, -ātus sumdetest, loathe; (pass. sense) be abhorred, be unlawful
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
parātus, -a, -umprepared, equipped, ready
ultiō, -ōnis f.revenge, vengeance
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
opus, operis, n.work, task
attendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusturn one's mind to, pay attention, notice
tam, adv.so
iūcundus, -a, -umsweet, pleasant
vindicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpunish; claim
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae VI. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.