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Lectitō › Ovid › Metamorphoses, Book 3 › Metamorphoses 3.692–733

Ovid · Metamorphoses III

Metamorphoses 3.692–733

The fate of Pentheus

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Met. 3.692"Praebuimus longīs" Pentheus "ambāgibus aurēs"
inquit "ut īra morā vīrēs absūmere posset.
'We have lent our ears to your long rigmarole,' says Pentheus, 'so that anger might use up its strength by delay.
Met. 3.694Praecipitem famulī rapite hunc cruciātaque dīrīs
695corpora tormentīs Stygiae dēmittite noctī."
Servants, seize him headlong, and send his body, racked with dreadful tortures, down to Stygian night.'
Met. 3.696Prōtinus abstractus solidīs Tyrrhēnus Acoetēs
clauditur in tēctīs;
At once Tyrrhenian Acoetes is dragged off and shut up in a solid building;
Met. 3.697et dum crūdēlia iussae
īnstrūmenta necis ferrumque ignēsque parantur,
sponte suā patuisse forēs lapsāsque lacertīs
700sponte suā fāma est nūllō solvente catēnās.
and while the cruel instruments of the ordered death, iron and fire, are being prepared, the story goes that the doors opened of their own accord, and that the chains slipped from his arms of their own accord with no one loosing them.
Met. 3.701Perstat Echīonidēs.Echion's son persists. Met. 3.701Nec iam iubet īre, sed ipse
vādit, ubi ēlēctus facienda ad sacra Cithaerōn
cantibus et clārā bacchantum vōce sonābat.
Now he no longer orders others to go, but goes himself to where Cithaeron, chosen for the performance of the rites, was resounding with songs and the clear voices of the Bacchants.

Met. 3.704Ut fremit ācer equus, cum bellicus aere canōrō
705signa dedit tubicen, pugnaeque adsūmit amōrem,
Penthea sīc ictus longīs ululātibus aethēr
mōvit, et audītō clamōre recanduit īra.
As a spirited horse snorts when the war-trumpeter has given the signal on the sounding bronze, and takes on a love of battle, so the air, struck by long wailing, roused Pentheus, and at the shout he heard his anger grew white-hot again.
Met. 3.708Monte ferē mediō est, cingentibus ultima silvīs,
pūrus ab arboribus, spectābilis undique campus.
About the middle of the mountain, with woods girding its edges, there is a plain clear of trees, visible from every side.
Met. 3.710Hīc oculīs illum cernentem sacra profānīs
prīma videt, prīma est īnsānō concita cursū,
prīma suum missō violāvit Penthea thyrsō
māter.
Here, as he watches the rites with profane eyes, the first to see him, the first to be stirred to run in mad career, the first to wound her own Pentheus with a hurled thyrsus, was his mother.
Met. 3.713"Iō, geminae" clāmāvit "adeste sorōrēs!'Io, my two sisters,' she cried, 'come here!

Met. 3.714ille aper, in nostrīs errat quī maximus agrīs,
715ille mihi feriendus aper."
That boar which wanders, hugest of all, in our fields, that boar I must strike.'
Met. 3.715Ruit omnis in ūnum
turba furēns;
The whole raging crowd rushes upon one man;
Met. 3.716cūnctae coeunt trepidumque sequuntur,
iam trepidum, iam verba minus violenta loquentem,
iam sē damnantem, iam sē peccāsse fatentem.
they all gather and pursue him in his fear, in fear now, now speaking less violent words, now condemning himself, now confessing he had sinned.
Met. 3.719Saucius ille tamen "fer opem, mātertera" dīxit
720"Autonoë!
Yet, wounded, he said, 'Help me, aunt Autonoe!
Met. 3.720moveant animōs Actaeonis umbrae."Let Actaeon's shade move your heart.' Met. 3.721Illa, quis Actaeōn, nescit dextramque precantis
abstulit: Īnōō lacerāta est altera raptū.
She does not know who Actaeon is, and tore off the right arm of the man praying: the other was torn away by Ino's wrenching.
Met. 3.723Nōn habet īnfēlīx quae mātrī bracchia tendat,
trunca sed ostendēns dēiectīs vulnera membrīs
725"adspice, māter!"
The unhappy man has no arms to stretch out to his mother, but showing the maimed wounds where his limbs had been torn away, 'Look, mother!'
Met. 3.725ait.he says.

Met. 3.725Vīsīs ululāvit Agāuē
collaque iactāvit mōvitque per āera crīnem
āvulsumque caput digitīs complexa cruentīs
clāmat "iō comitēs, opus haec victōria nostrum est!"
At the sight Agave howled, tossed her neck and shook her hair through the air, and clasping the torn-off head in her bloody fingers she cries, 'Io, comrades, this victory is our work!'
Met. 3.729Nōn citius frondēs autumnī frīgore tāctās
730iamque male haerentēs altā rapit arbore ventus,
quam sunt membra virī manibus dīrepta nefandīs.
No faster does the wind snatch from a tall tree the leaves touched by autumn's cold and now barely clinging, than the man's limbs were torn apart by those unspeakable hands.
Met. 3.732Tālibus exemplīs monitae nova sacra frequentant
tūraque dant sānctāsque colunt Ismēnidēs ārās.
Warned by such examples, the Ismenian women throng the new rites, offer incense, and worship at the holy altars.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (209 words)
praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold forth, supply, furnish, give; show, present, exhibit
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
ambāgēs, -is f. (mostly pl.)roundabout ways; riddles, dark hints
auris, -is, f.ear
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
mora, -ae, f.delay
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
absūmō, -sūmere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake away, consume, destroy
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
praeceps, -cipitisheadlong
famulus, -ī m.servant, slave
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
cruciō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustorture, torment
que, enclitic conj.and
dīrus, -a, -umdreadful
corpus, corporis, n.body
tormentum, -ī n.artillery, siege engine
Stygius, -a, -umof the Styx, Stygian; of the underworld
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
nox, noctis, f.night
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
abstrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumdrag away, carry off
solidus, -a, -umwhole, complete, solid
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
crūdēlis, -ecruel
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
īnstrūmentum, -ī n.tool, equipment; pl. gear, baggage
nex, necis f.death, killing
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
ignis, -is, m.fire
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
sponte, f. abl. sing., modified by meā, tuā, suāof one's own accord, voluntarily
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
forēs, -ium f. pl.door, double door; entrance
lābor, lābī, lapsusslip, glide, fall
lacertus, -ī m.upper arm, arm
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
catēna, -ae, f.chain
perstō, -āre, -stitī, -stātumstand firm; persist
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
iam, adv.now, already
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
sed, conj.but
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
vādō, -erego
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlēctumpick out, choose
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
cantus, -ūs, m.singing, song
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
bacchor, -ārī, -ātus sumrevel like a worshipper of Bacchus; rave, run wild
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
fremō, -ere, -uī, -itumroar, growl; grumble (in + acc.: at)
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
equus, -ī, m.horse
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
bellicus, -a, -umof war, military
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
canōrus, -a, -umtuneful, melodious
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
tubicen, -cinis m.trumpeter
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
assūmō, -ere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake up, receive; take to oneself
amor, -ōris, m.love
sīc, adv.so, thus
īcō, -ere, īcī, ictusstrike, hit; foedus īcere: make a treaty
ululātus, -ūs m.howling, yelling, war-cry
aethēr, -eris m. (acc. aethera)the upper air, the sky
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
recandēscō, -ere, -canduīgrow hot again, glow again
mōns, montis, m.mountain
ferē, adv.nearly, about, almost, for the most part
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
pūrus, -a, -umclean, pure; (of land) clear, unbuilt
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
arbor, -oris, f.tree
spectābilis, -evisible; worth seeing, splendid, remarkable
undique, adv.from or on all sides
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
oculus, -ī, m.eye
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
profānus, -a, -umnot sacred, common, profane
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
īnsānus, -a, -ummad, frantic
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
thyrsus, -ī m.thyrsus, ivy-wreathed staff carried by Bacchus and his followers
māter, mātris, f.mother
iō, interj.oh! ho! (a cry of joy, pain or calling)
clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout, cry out; proclaim
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
soror, -ōris, f.sister
aper, aprī, m.wild boar
noster, -tra, -trumour
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ager, agri, m.field, land
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
feriō, -īrestrike, hit
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
omnis, -eall, every
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
turba, -ae f.crowd
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
coeō, -īre, -iī, -itumcome together, assemble
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
verbum, -ī, n.word
minus, comp. adv.less
violentus, -a, -umviolent, forceful
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
damnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcondemn
peccō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdo wrong
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
saucius, -a, -umwounded
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
mātertera, -ae f.aunt (mother's sister)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
Īnōus, -a, -umof Ino; Inous Palaemon: Ino's son, a sea-god
lacerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustear to pieces; squander, waste
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
raptus, -ūs m.seizure, robbery, plundering; abduction
nōn, adv.not
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
bracchium, -ī, n.arm
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
truncus, -ī m.tree trunk
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
dēiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow down, cast, drive out of one's course
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
membrum, -ī, n.limb, member
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
ululō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushowl, wail
collum, -ī, n.neck
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
āēr, āeris, m.air
crīnis, -is m.hair, a lock of hair
āvellō, -ere, -vellī (-vulsī), -vulsustear away, wrench off
caput, capitis, n.head
digitus, -ī m.finger (digitus pollex: thumb)
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
cruentus, -a, -umbloody, blood-stained
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
opus, operis, n.work, task
victōria, -ae, f.victory
citō (adv.; comp. citius)quickly, soon; citius: more quickly, without delay
frōns, frondis f.leafy branch, foliage
autumnus, -ī m.autumn
frīgus, -oris n.cold
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
male, adv.badly, ill
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
ventus, -ī, m.wind
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
vir, virī, m.man
manus, -ūs, f.hand
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
nefandus, -a, -umunspeakable, abominable
tālis, -esuch
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
frequentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusvisit often; crowd, fill
tūs, tūris n.incense
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
āra, -ae, f.altar
Ovid, Metamorphoses III. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.