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Lectitō › Ovid › Metamorphoses, Book 3 › Metamorphoses 3.1–94

Ovid · Metamorphoses III

Metamorphoses 3.1–94

Cadmus slays the serpent of Mars

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Met. 3.1Iamque deus positā fallācis imāgine taurī
sē cōnfessus erat Dictaeaque rūra tenēbat,
cum pater ignārus Cadmō perquīrere raptam
imperat et poenam, sī nōn invēnerit, addit
5exilium, factō pius et scelerātus eōdem.
And now the god had laid aside the likeness of the deceiving bull and confessed himself, and was holding the fields of Dicte, when her father, knowing nothing, orders Cadmus to search out the stolen girl, and adds exile as his penalty if he does not find her, dutiful and wicked in one and the same act.
Met. 3.6Orbe pererrātō (quis enim dēprendere possit
fūrta Iovis?) profugus patriamque īramque parentis
vītat Agēnoridēs Phoebīque ōrācula supplex
cōnsulit et, quae sit tellūs habitanda, requīrit.
Having wandered the whole world (for who could detect the thefts of Jupiter?), Agenor's son, a fugitive, shuns both his country and his father's anger, and as a suppliant consults the oracle of Phoebus and asks what land he should dwell in.
Met. 3.10"Bōs tibi" Phoebus ait "sōlīs occurret in arvīs,
nūllum passa iugum curvīque inmūnis arātrī.
'A cow will meet you,' says Phoebus, 'in lonely fields, one that has borne no yoke and is free of the curved plough.

Met. 3.12Hāc duce carpe viās et quā requiēverit herbā
moenia fac condās, Boeōtiaque illa vocātō."
With her as your guide take your way, and where she has rested on the grass, see that you found walls, and call them Boeotian.'
Met. 3.14Vix bene Castaliō Cadmus dēscenderat antrō,
15incustōdītam lentē videt īre iuvencam
nūllum servitiī signum cervīce gerentem.
Scarcely had Cadmus come down from the Castalian cave when he sees a heifer walking slowly, unguarded, bearing on her neck no sign of servitude.
Met. 3.17Subsequitur pressōque legit vestīgia gressū,
auctōremque viae Phoebum taciturnus adōrat.
He follows behind and traces her footprints with measured step, and silently worships Phoebus, the author of his path.
Met. 3.19Iam vada Cēphīsī Panopēsque ēvāserat arva:
20bōs stetit et tollēns speciōsam cornibus altīs
ad caelum frontem mūgītibus impulit aurās,
atque ita, respiciēns comitēs sua terga sequentēs,
prōcubuit tenerāque latus submīsit in herbā.
Now he had passed the shallows of Cephisus and the fields of Panope: the cow halted, and lifting to the sky her brow, handsome with its tall horns, she struck the air with lowing, and then, looking back at the companions following behind her, she lay down and sank her flank into the tender grass.

Met. 3.24Cadmus agit grātēs peregrīnaeque ōscula terrae
25fīgit et ignōtōs montēs agrōsque salūtat.
Cadmus gives thanks, plants kisses on the foreign earth, and greets the unknown mountains and fields.
Met. 3.26Sacra Iovī factūrus erat.He was about to offer sacrifice to Jupiter. Met. 3.26Iubet īre ministrōs
et petere ē vīvīs lībandās fontibus undās.
He orders his attendants to go and fetch water for libation from running springs.
Met. 3.28Silva vetus stābat, nūlla violāta secūrī,
et specus in mediō, virgīs ac vīmine dēnsus,
30efficiēns humilem lapidum compāgibus arcum,
ūberibus fēcundus aquīs, ubi conditus antrō
Mārtius anguis erat, cristīs praesignis et aurō;
There stood an ancient wood, violated by no axe, and in its midst a cave, thick with brushwood and osiers, making a low arch with its joined stones, rich in abundant waters; hidden in the cave was the serpent of Mars, conspicuous with crests and gold;
Met. 3.33igne micant oculī, corpus tumet omne venēnīs,
trēs vibrant linguae, triplicī stant ōrdine dentēs.
his eyes flash with fire, his whole body swells with venom, three tongues flicker, his teeth stand in a triple row.
Met. 3.35Quem postquam Tyriā lūcum dē gente profectī
īnfaustō tetigēre gradū, dēmissaque in undās
urna dedit sonitum, longō caput extulit antrō
caeruleus serpēns horrendaque sībila mīsit.
When the men who had set out from the Tyrian race had reached this grove with ill-omened step, and the urn let down into the waters made a sound, the dark-blue serpent thrust his head out from the long cave and sent forth dreadful hisses.

Met. 3.39Efflūxēre urnae manibus sanguisque relīquit
40corpus, et attonitōs subitus tremor occupat artūs.
The urns slipped from their hands, the blood left their bodies, and a sudden trembling seizes their stunned limbs.
Met. 3.41Ille volūbilibus squāmōsōs nexibus orbēs
torquet et inmēnsōs saltū sinuātur in arcūs,
ac mediā plūs parte levēs ērēctus in aurās
dēspicit omne nemus, tantōque est corpore, quantō
45sī tōtum spectēs, geminās quī sēparat arctōs.
He twists his scaly coils in rolling knots and with a leap curves himself into huge arches, and, raised up more than half his length into the light air, looks down on the whole grove, and is of a body as great as, if you saw him whole, the Serpent that separates the twin Bears.
Met. 3.46Nec mora, Phoenīcas, sīve illī tēla parābant,
sīve fugam, sīve ipse timor prohibēbat utrumque,
occupat: hōs morsū, longīs complexibus illōs,
hōs necat adflātū fūnestī tābe venēnī.
Without delay he falls upon the Phoenicians, whether they were preparing weapons or flight, or whether fear itself was preventing both: some he kills with his bite, some with his long embraces, some with the breath of his deadly poison's corruption.

Met. 3.50Fēcerat exiguās iam sōl altissimus umbrās:
quae mora sit sociīs, mīrātur Agēnore nātus,
vestīgatque virōs.
The sun at its highest had now made the shadows short: Agenor's son wonders what is delaying his companions, and tracks the men.
Met. 3.52Tegimen dērepta leōnī
pellis erat, tēlum splendentī lancea ferrō
et iaculum, tēlōque animus praestantior omnī.
His covering was a hide stripped from a lion, his weapon a lance with gleaming iron and a javelin, and a spirit more excellent than any weapon.
Met. 3.55Ut nemus intrāvit lētātaque corpora vīdit
victōremque suprā spatiōsī corporis hostem
trīstia sanguineā lambentem vulnera linguā,
"aut ultor vestrae, fīdissima corpora, mortis,
aut comes" inquit "erō."
When he entered the grove and saw the slain bodies, and above them the victorious enemy of vast body licking their grim wounds with bloody tongue, 'Most faithful bodies,' he says, 'I shall be either the avenger of your death or its companion.'
Met. 3.59Dīxit, dextrāque molārem
60sustulit et magnum magnō cōnāmine mīsit.
He spoke, and with his right hand he lifted a millstone and hurled it, huge, with a huge effort.

Met. 3.61Illīus impulsū cum turribus ardua celsīs
moenia mōta forent: serpēns sine vulnere mānsit
lōrīcaeque modō squāmīs dēfēnsus et ātrae
dūritiā pellis validōs cute reppulit ictūs.
By its impact high walls with lofty towers would have been shaken: the serpent remained unwounded, and, defended by his scales as by a breastplate and by the hardness of his black hide, he drove back the strong blows with his skin.
Met. 3.65At nōn dūritia iaculum quoque vīcit eādem:
quod mediō lentae spīnae curvāmine fīxum
cōnstitit et tōtum dēscendit in īlia ferrum.
But that same hardness did not overcome the javelin as well: it stood fixed in the middle of the curve of his supple spine, and the whole iron went down into his guts.
Met. 3.68Ille dolōre ferōx caput in sua terga retorsit
vulneraque adspexit fīxumque hastīle momordit
70idque, ubi vī multā partem labefēcit in omnem,
vix tergō ēripuit;
He, fierce with pain, twisted his head back towards his own back, looked at the wound, bit the shaft fixed in it, and when with great force he had loosened it in every direction, he scarcely tore it from his back;
Met. 3.71ferrum tamen ossibus haesit.yet the iron stuck in his bones.

Met. 3.72Tum vērō, postquam solitās accessit ad īrās
causa recēns, plēnīs tumuērunt guttura vēnīs,
spūmaque pestiferōs circumfluit albida rictūs,
75terraque rāsa sonat squāmīs, quīque hālitus exit
ōre niger Stygiō, vitiātās īnficit aurās.
Then indeed, after a fresh cause was added to his usual anger, his throat swelled with full veins, white foam flows around his pestilent jaws, the earth scraped by his scales resounds, and the black breath that comes from his Stygian mouth infects and taints the air.
Met. 3.77Ipse modo inmēnsum spīrīs facientibus orbem
cingitur, interdum longā trabe rēctior adstat
impete nunc vāstō ceu concitus imbribus amnis
80fertur et obstantēs prōturbat pectore silvās.
Now he coils himself into a vast circle with his spirals, now he stands straighter than a long beam, now with huge momentum he is borne along like a river roused by rains, and drives the woods in his way before him with his breast.
Met. 3.81Cēdit Agēnoridēs paulum spoliōque leōnis
sustinet incursūs īnstantiaque ōra retardat
cuspide praetentā.
Agenor's son gives ground a little, takes the onslaught on the lion's spoil, and holds back the pressing jaws with his spear-point held out before him.

Met. 3.83Furit ille et inānia dūrō
vulnera dat ferrō fīgitque in acūmine dentēs.
The serpent rages and deals vain wounds to the hard iron and fixes his teeth on its point.
Met. 3.85Iamque venēniferō sanguis mānāre palātō
coeperat et viridēs adspergine tinxerat herbās:
sed leve vulnus erat, quia sē retrahēbat ab ictū
laesaque colla dabat retrō plagamque sedēre
cēdendō arcēbat nec longius īre sinēbat,
90dōnec Agēnoridēs coniectum in guttura ferrum
ūsque sequēns pressit, dum retrō quercus euntī
obstitit, et fīxa est pariter cum rōbore cervīx.
And now blood had begun to flow from his venom-bearing palate and had stained the green grass with its spray: but the wound was slight, because he kept drawing himself back from the blow, gave his wounded neck backwards, and by retreating prevented the stroke from settling and did not let it go further, until Agenor's son, following up all the way, pressed the iron driven into his throat, until an oak blocked him as he went back, and his neck was pinned together with the wood.
Met. 3.93Pondere serpentis curvāta est arbor et īmā
parte flagellārī gemuit sua rōbora caudae.
The tree was bent by the serpent's weight, and groaned that its timber was lashed by the end of his tail.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×6, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (407 words)
iam, adv.now, already
que, enclitic conj.and
deus, -ī, m.god
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
fallāx, -ācisdeceitful, treacherous
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
taurus, -ī, m.bull
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cōnfiteor, -ērī, -fessus sumadmit, confess
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
Dictaeus, -a, -umof Mount Dicte in Crete; Cretan
rūs, rūris n.the country, countryside; (pl.) fields
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
pater, patris, m.father
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
perquīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītussearch for, inquire into
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
sī, conj.if
nōn, adv.not
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
exsilium, -ī, n.exile
factum, -ī n.deed, act
pius, -a, -umdutiful, devoted, pious
scelerātus, -a, -umwicked, criminal
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
pererrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander through, roam over
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
enim, conj.for
dēprendō, -prendere, -prendī, -prēnsusseize, catch; take by surprise
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
fūrtum, -ī, n.theft
profugus, -a, -umfleeing, fugitive; wandering
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
vītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusavoid, escape
ōrāculum, -ī, n.oracle
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdwell, inhabit
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
sōlus, -a, -umalone
occurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun against, meet
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
curvus, -a, -umcurved, bent
immūnis, -efree from tribute or public burdens, exempt
arātrum, -ī n.plough
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
carpō, -ere, -sī, -tuspluck
via, -ae, f.road, way
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
requiēscō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētumrest, take a rest
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
Boeōtius, -a, -umBoeotian
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
bene, adv.well; successfully
Castalius, -a, -umof Castalia, the spring at Delphi; Delphic
dēscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb down, descend
antrum, -ī, n.cave
incustōdītus, -a, -umunguarded, unwatched
lentē (adv.; comp. lentius)slowly
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
iuvenca, -ae f.heifer, young cow
servitium, -ī n.slavery; (pl.) slaves
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
cervīx, -īcis f.neck (often pl.)
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
subsequor, -ī, -secūtus sumfollow closely
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
gressus, -ūs m.step, pace; course
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
taciturnus, -a, -umsilent, quiet, saying little
adōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusworship, bow down to; entreat
vadum, -ī n.ford, shallow place
ēvādō, -vādere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo forth, get away, escape
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
speciōsus, -a, -umhandsome; plausible, specious
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
mūgītus, -ūs, m.lowing, bellowing
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
respiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook back
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
tergum, -ī, n.back
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
prōcumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumfall down, sink down
tener, -era, -erumyoung, tender
latus, lateris n.side, flank
submittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend (as help)
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
grātēs f. pl. (only nom. and acc.)thanks (to the gods); grātēs agere: give thanks
peregrīnus, -ī, m.stranger, foreigner
ōsculum, -ī n.kiss
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
mōns, montis, m.mountain
ager, agri, m.field, land
salūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgreet; pay a morning call on
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
minister, -trī m.servant, attendant, helper
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
vīvus, -a, -umalive, living
lībō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspour as an offering; taste, sip; touch lightly
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
unda, -ae, f.wave
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
vetus, veterisold, former
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
secūris, -is f.axe (the axes in the fasces, sign of Roman power)
specus, -ūs m.cave, grotto
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
virga, -ae f.rod, stick, staff
vīmen, -minis, n.osier
dēnsus, -a, -umthick
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
humilis, -elow; humble, poor
lapis, -idis, m.stone
compāgēs, -is f.joint, seam
arcus, -ūs, m.bow
ūber, -eris n.teat, breast
fēcundus, -a, -umfruitful, rich (in)
aqua, -ae, f.water
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
Mārtius, -a, -umof Mars; campus Mārtius, the Field of Mars outside the old city
anguis, -is, m. and f.serpent, snake
crista, -ae f.crest, plume (of a helmet)
praesignis, -eoutstanding, distinguished
aurum, -ī, n.gold
ignis, -is, m.fire
micō, -āre, -uīflash, glitter
oculus, -ī, m.eye
corpus, corporis, n.body
tumeō, -ēreswell, be swollen
omnis, -eall, every
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
vibrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbrandish, shake
lingua, -ae f.tongue; language
triplex, -icisthreefold, triple
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
dēns, dentis, m.tooth
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
Tyrius, -a, -umof Tyre, Tyrian; (of Carthage, a Tyrian colony) Carthaginian
lūcus, -ī m.sacred grove
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
īnfaustus, -a, -umill-omened, unlucky
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
gradus, -ūs m.step, stage; rank
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
urna, -ae f.jar, urn
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
sonitus, -ūs, m.sound, noise
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
caput, capitis, n.head
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
caeruleus, -a, -umdark blue
serpēns, -entis, f.serpent
horrendus, -a, -umdreadful, terrible
sībilus, -a, -umhissing
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
effluō, -fluere, -flūxīflow out; slip away, be lost
manus, -ūs, f.hand
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
attonitus, -a, -umthunderstruck, astonished
subitus, -a, -umsudden
tremor, -ōris m.trembling, shaking
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
artūs, -uum m. pl.joints; limbs, body
volūbilis, -espinning, rolling, turning; changeable
squāmōsus, -a, -umcovered with scales, scaly
nexus, -ūs m.tie, bond; interlacing, tangle
torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortusturn
immēnsus (inmēnsus), -a, -umimmeasurable, boundless, vast
saltus, -ūs m.wooded pass, forest glade, woodland
sinuō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbend, curve, coil
plūs (adv.)more
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
levis, -elight, slight
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook down on, despise
nemus, -oris n.grove, wood
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
sēparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusseparate, divide
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mora, -ae, f.delay
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
fuga, -ae, f.flight
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
timor, -ōris, m.fear
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
morsus, -ūs m.bite; jaws
complexus, -ūs m.embrace
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
afflātus (adflātus), -ūs m.breath, blast; poisonous breath; inspiration
fūnestus, -a, -umdeadly, fatal; bringing death and mourning
tābēs, -is f.wasting, decay; plague, pestilence
exiguus, -a, -umsmall, scanty, short
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
vestīgō, -āretrack, search for
vir, virī, m.man
tegimen (tegumen), -inis n.covering, protection
dēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch away, tear off, pull down
leō, -ōnis, m.lion
pellis, -is, f.hide, skin, pelt
splendeō, -ēreshine, gleam
lancea, -ae f.lance, spear
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
iaculum, -ī n.javelin, dart
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
praestāns, -stantis, adj.preëminent, remarkable
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
lētō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuskill, slay
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
spatiōsus, -a, -umroomy, spacious
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
sanguineus, -a, -umbloody, blood-red
lambō, -ere, lambīlick
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
ultor, -ōris m.avenger
vester, -tra, -trumyour
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
mors, mortīs, f.death
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
molāris, -is m.millstone; large rock, boulder
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
cōnāmen, -inis n.effort, exertion; a support
impulsus, -ūs m.push; urging, instigation
cum, prep, with abl.with
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
arduus, -a, -umsteep, difficult
celsus, -a, -umhigh, lofty
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
sine, prep. with abl.without
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
lōrīca, -ae f.breastplate; breastwork, parapet
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
squāma, -ae f.scale (of a fish or snake; of armour); flake
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
āter, ātra, ātrumblack, dark; gloomy
dūritia, -ae f.hardness; hardship, endurance
validus, -a, -umstrong
cutis, -is f.skin
repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsusdrive back or away, repulse, repel
īctus, -ūs, m.blow
at, conj.but
quoque, adv.also
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
spīna, -ae f.thorn, thornbush
curvāmen, -inis n.a bend, curve
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
īlia, -ium n. pl.the groin, the flanks; the inner parts of the belly
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
ferōx, -ōcis, adj.fierce, savage
retorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortustwist back, turn back
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
hastīle, -is n.spear shaft
mordeō, mordēre, momordī, morsusbite
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
labefaciō, -ere, -fēcī, -factusmake totter, shake, weaken
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
os, ossis n.bone
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
tum, adv.then, at that time
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
solitus, -a, -umusual, customary, accustomed
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
plēnus, -a, -umfull
guttur, -uris n.throat
vēna, -ae f.vein
spūma, -ae f.foam
pestifer, -era, -erumdeadly, ruinous
circumfluō, -ere, -flūxīflow round; abound, overflow (with)
albidus, -a, -umwhitish, white
rictus, -ūs m.the open mouth, gaping jaws
rādō, -ere, rāsī, rāsumshave, scrape
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
hālitus, -ūs m.breath
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
niger, nigra, nigrumblack
Stygius, -a, -umof the Styx, Stygian; of the underworld
vitiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspoil, damage, make faulty
īnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusstain, dye
modo, adv.only
spīra, -ae f.coil (of a snake)
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
interdum (adv.)sometimes
trabs, trabis f.beam
rēctus, -a, -umdirect, straight
adstō, -stāre, -stitīstand at or near
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
nunc, adv.now
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
ceu (adv.)as, like, just as
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
imber, imbris, m.rain, shower
amnis, -is m.river
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
prōturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdrive off, repel
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
incursus, -ūs m.attack, onrush
īnstō, -āre, -stitīpress on; be at hand
retardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushold back, slow down, check
cuspis, -idis f.point, tip (of a spear or arrow)
praetendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentushold out in front; put forward, make a pretext of
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
inānis, -eempty
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
acūmen, -inis n.a point, sting; sharpness of mind, shrewdness
venēnifer, -fera, -ferumpoison-bearing, venomous
mānō, -āre, -āvīflow, trickle; spread
palātum, -ī n.palate; taste
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
viridis, -egreen
aspergō (adspergō), -inis f.a sprinkling, spray, splash
tingō, tingere, tinxī, tinctuswet, soak, dye
sed, conj.but
quia (conj.)because
retrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumdrag back
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
laedō, -ere, laesī, laesushurt, injure; break (an oath)
collum, -ī, n.neck
retrō (adv.)backwards, behind, from behind
plāga, -ae f.blow, wound; affliction, illness
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
arceō, -ēre, -uīkeep off, keep away, shut out
longē, adv.far
sinō, -ere, sīvī, situsallow, permit, let
dōnec (conj.)until; while, as long as
coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow together; throw, cast, hurl
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
quercus, -ūs f.oak tree
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
pondus, ponderis, n.weight
curvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbend, curve
arbor, -oris, f.tree
īmus, -a, -umlowest (ab īmō: from the bottom)
flagellō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwhip, scourge
gemō, -ere, -uī, -itusgroan; lament
cauda, -ae, f.tail
Ovid, Metamorphoses III. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.