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Lectitō › Ovid › Metamorphoses, Book 15 › Metamorphoses 15.552–621

Ovid · Metamorphoses XV

Metamorphoses 15.552–621

Tages, Romulus' spear, and Cipus

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Met. 15.552Et nymphās tetigit nova rēs, et Amāzone nātus
haud aliter stupuit, quam cum Tyrrhēnus arātor
fātālem glaebam mediīs adspexit in arvīs
555sponte suā prīmum nūllōque agitante movērī,
sūmere mox hominis terraeque āmittere fōrmam
ōraque ventūrīs aperīre recentia fātīs
(indigenae dīxēre Tagēn, quī prīmus Etrūscam
ēdocuit gentem cāsūs aperīre futūrōs);
And the strange event touched the nymphs, and the son of the Amazon was astonished just as when the Etruscan ploughman saw in the middle of his fields a fateful clod first move of its own accord with no one stirring it, then take on human form and lose that of earth, and open its newly made mouth to the fates to come (the natives called him Tages, who first taught the Etruscan race to disclose future events);
Met. 15.560utvē Palātīnīs haerentem collibus ōlim
cum subitō vīdit frondēscere Rōmulus hastam,
quae rādīce novā, nōn ferrō stābat adāctō
et iam nōn tēlum, sed lentī vīminis arbor
nōn exspectātās dabat admīrantibus umbrās;
or as when Romulus once saw the spear fixed on the Palatine hill suddenly put forth leaves, which stood by a new root, not by the iron driven in, and, no longer a weapon but a tree of pliant wood, gave unexpected shade to those marvelling;
Met. 15.565aut sua flūmineā cum vīdit Cipus in undā
cornua (vīdit enim) falsamque in imāgine crēdēns
esse fidem, digitīs ad frontem saepe relātīs,
quae vīdit, tetigit, nec iam sua lūmina damnāns
restitit, ut victor domitō veniēbat ab hoste,
570ad caelumque manūs et eōdem lūmina tollēns "quidquid" ait, "superī, mōnstrō portenditur istō,
seu laetum est, patriae laetum populōque Quirīnī,
sīve mināx, mihi sit!"
or when Cipus saw his horns in the river water (for he did see them) and, believing the image false, often raised his fingers to his forehead and touched what he saw, and no longer condemning his eyes he halted, as he was coming victorious from a conquered enemy, and raising his hands and eyes to the sky said: 'Gods above, whatever is foretold by this portent, if it is happy, let it be happy for my country and the people of Quirinus; if threatening, let it fall on me!'
Met. 15.573viridīque ē caespite factās
plācat odōrātīs herbōsās ignibus ārās
575vīnaque dat paterīs mactātārumque bidentum,
quid sibi significent, trepidantia cōnsulit exta.
and he propitiates grassy altars made of green turf with fragrant fires, and offers wine from bowls, and consults the quivering entrails of slaughtered sheep as to what they signify for him.

Met. 15.577Quae simul adspexit Tyrrhēnae gentis haruspex,
magna quidem rērum mōlīmina vīdit in illīs,
nōn manifesta tamen.
As soon as the soothsayer of the Etruscan race looked at them, he saw in them great upheavals of affairs, yet not clearly.
Met. 15.579Cum vērō sustulit ācre
580ā pecudis fībrīs ad Cipī cornua lūmen,
"rēx" ait, "ō salvē!
But when he raised his keen gaze from the sheep's entrails to the horns of Cipus, he said: 'Hail, O king!
Met. 15.581Tibi enim, tibi, Cipe, tuīsque
hic locus et Latiae pārēbunt cornibus arcēs.
For to you, to you, Cipus, and to your horns this place and the Latin citadels will be subject.
Met. 15.583Tū modo rumpe morās portāsque intrāre patentēs
adproperā!
Only break off delay and hasten to enter the gates that stand open!
Met. 15.584sīc fāta iubent;so the fates command; Met. 15.584namque urbe receptus
585rēx eris et scēptrō tūtus potiēre perennī."
for once received into the city you will be king and will hold an everlasting sceptre in safety.'
Met. 15.586Rettulit ille pedem torvamque ā moenibus urbis
āvertēns faciem "procul ā!
He drew back his foot and, turning his stern face away from the walls of the city, said: 'Far, ah!

Met. 15.587procul ōmina" dīxit
"tālia dī pellant!
far away may the gods drive such omens!
Met. 15.588Multōque ego iūstius aevum
exsul agam, quam mē videant Capitōlia rēgem!"
Much more justly shall I spend my life in exile than have the Capitol see me as king!'
Met. 15.590Dīxit et extemplō populumque gravemque senātum
convocat, ante tamen pācālī cornua laurō
vēlat;
He spoke, and at once calls together the people and the grave senate, but first veils his horns with peaceful laurel;
Met. 15.592et aggeribus factīs ā mīlite fortī
īnsistit prīscōsque deōs ē mōre precātus
"est" ait "hīc ūnus, quem vōs nisi pellitis urbe,
595rēx erit.
and he stands on a mound built by his brave soldiers, and having prayed to the ancient gods in the customary way, says: 'There is one man here who, unless you drive him from the city, will be king.
Met. 15.595Is quī sit, signō, nōn nōmine dīcam:
cornua fronte gerit.
Who he is I shall tell you by a sign, not by name: he wears horns on his brow.
Met. 15.596Quem vōbīs indicat augur,
sī Rōmam intrārit, famulāria iūra datūrum.
The augur declares to you that, if he enters Rome, he will impose the laws of slavery.

Met. 15.598Ille quidem potuit portās inrumpere apertās,
sed nōs obstitimus, quamvīs coniūnctior illō
600nēmō mihi est.
He could indeed have burst through the open gates, but I have stood in his way, although no one is more closely joined to me than he.
Met. 15.600Vōs urbe virum prohibēte, Quirītēs,
vel, sī dignus erit, gravibus vincīte catēnīs,
aut fīnīte metum fātālis morte tyrannī!"
Keep the man from the city, Quirites, or, if he deserves it, bind him in heavy chains, or end your fear with the death of the fated tyrant!'
Met. 15.603Quālia succīnctīs, ubi trux īnsībilat eurus,
murmura pīnētīs fīunt, aut quālia flūctūs
605aequoreī faciunt, sīquis procul audiat illōs,
tāle sonat populus;
As murmurs arise in close-girt pine woods when the fierce east wind whistles through them, or as the waves of the sea make if one hears them from afar, such is the sound of the people;
Met. 15.606sed per cōnfūsa frementis
verba tamen vulgī vōx ēminet ūna "quis ille est?",
et spectant frontēs praedictaque cornua quaerunt.
but through the confused words of the roaring crowd one voice stands out: 'Who is he?', and they look at foreheads and search for the foretold horns.

Met. 15.609Rūrsus ad hōs Cipus "quem poscitis" inquit, "habētis"
610et dēmptā capitī, populō prohibente, corōnā
exhibuit geminō praesignia tempora cornū.
Again Cipus says to them: 'You have the one you demand,' and, taking the garland from his head though the people tried to stop him, he displayed his temples marked out with twin horns.
Met. 15.612Dēmīsēre oculōs omnēs gemitumque dedēre
atque illud meritīs clārum (quis crēdere possit?)
invītī vīdēre caput;
All lowered their eyes and gave a groan, and (who could believe it?) unwillingly looked upon that head illustrious for its merits;
Met. 15.614nec honōre carēre
615ulterius passī, fēstam imposuēre corōnam.
and not allowing it to lack honour any longer, they placed on it a festive garland.
Met. 15.616At procerēs, quoniam mūrōs intrāre vetāris,
rūris honōrātī tantum tibi, Cipe, dedēre,
quantum dēpressō subiectīs būbus arātrō
complectī possēs ad fīnem lūcis ab ortū,
620cornuaque aerātīs mīram referentia fōrmam
postibus īnsculpunt, longum mānsūra per aevum.
But the leading men, Cipus, since you were forbidden to enter the walls, gave you as much land, in honour, as you could encircle with a plough pressed down behind yoked oxen from dawn to the end of day, and they carve horns reproducing the wondrous shape on the bronze door-posts, to remain through long ages.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (299 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
stupeō, -ēre, -uībe stunned, astounded, or amazed
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
arātor, -ōris m.ploughman
fātālis, -efated, destined; fatal, deadly
glaeba, -ae f.clod, soil
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
sponte, f. abl. sing., modified by meā, tuā, suāof one's own accord, voluntarily
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
que, enclitic conj.and
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
mox, adv.soon
homō, hominis, m.man
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
indigena, -ae m./f.native (of a place); as adj. native-born
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
Etrūscus, -a, -umEtruscan
ēdoceō, -ēre, -docuī, -doctuminform thoroughly, explain
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
Palātīnus, -a, -umof the Palatine; (mons) Palātīnus: the Palatine hill
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
collis, -is m.hill
ōlim, adv.once upon a time, once, formerly, of old
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
frondēscō, -ereput out leaves
hasta, -ae f.spear
rādīx, -īcis f.root; (of a hill) foot
nōn, adv.not
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
adigō, -ere, adēgī, adāctumdrive, hurl (a weapon) to
iam, adv.now, already
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
sed, conj.but
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
vīmen, -minis, n.osier
arbor, -oris, f.tree
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
admīror, -mīrārī, -mīrātuswonder at, admire
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
flūmineus, -a, -umof a river, river-
unda, -ae, f.wave
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
enim, conj.for
falsus, -a, -umfeigned, pretended, false
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
digitus, -ī m.finger (digitus pollex: thumb)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
saepe, adv.often, frequently
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
lūmen, -minis, n.light
damnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcondemn
restō, -āre, restitīstay behind, remain
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
domō, -āre, -uī, -itustame, subdue, master
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
manus, -ūs, f.hand
eōdemto the same place
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
superī, -ōrum m. pl.the gods above
mōnstrum, -ī, n.wonder, monster
portendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentuspoint out beforehand, foretell, portend
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
populus, -ī m.people, nation
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
mināx, -ācisthreatening
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
viridis, -egreen
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
caespes, -itis m.turf, sod
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
plācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscalm, appease
odōrātus, -a, -umsweet-smelling
herbōsus, -a, -umgrassy; made with herbs
ignis, -is, m.fire
āra, -ae, f.altar
vīnum, -ī, n.wine
patera, -ae f.a shallow bowl for drinking or pouring offerings
mactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussacrifice; slaughter; punish
bidēns, -entis f.a sheep (for sacrifice, of the age to show two adult teeth)
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
significō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumshow, indicate, signal
trepidō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe in a panic, hurry about in alarm
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
exta, -ōrum n. pl.entrails (heart, liver, lungs) of a sacrificed animal
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
haruspex, -icis m.soothsayer who read the will of the gods from the entrails of sacrifices
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
mōlīmen, -inis n.great effort, exertion; weight, bulk; suō mōlīmine: by its own weight
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
pecus, pecudis, f.head of cattle, beast, sheep, goat
fībra, -ae f.fibre; (pl.) entrails
rēx, rēgis, m.king
ō (interj.)O! oh!
salveō, -ērebe well; salvēre iubeō: I greet, I hail
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
Latius, -a, -umof Latium; Latin, Roman
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
modo, adv.only
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
mora, -ae, f.delay
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
approperō (adproperō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
sīc, adv.so, thus
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
namque, conj.for
urbs, urbis, f.city
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
scēptrum, -ī n.sceptre; royal power
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
perennis, -elasting throughout the year, perennial, perpetual
pēs, pedis, m.foot
torvus, -a, -umgrim, fierce, glaring
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ā (āh) (exclamation)ah! alas! (of grief, pity, reproach)
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
tālis, -esuch
deus, -ī, m.god
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
iūstē (adv.)justly, rightly
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
exsul, -ulis m.exile, banished person
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
extemplō, adv.immediately, straightway, at once
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
senātus, -ūs m.senate
convocō, -vocāre, -vocāvī, -vocātuscall together, summon, assemble
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
pācālis, -eof peace (the olive is the tree of peace)
laurus, -ī f.laurel, bay tree
vēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusveil, cover
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
fortis, -ebrave
īnsistō, -ere, īnstitīstand on
prīscus, -a, -umancient, of olden times; Prīscī Latīnī: the Old Latins
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
vōsplur. of tū
nisi, conj.if not, unless
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
indīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumproclaim, call (a meeting)
augur, -uris m.augur, a priest who read the will of the gods from birds and signs
sī, conj.if
famulāris, -eof servants, servile
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
inrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusburst into or in
apertus, -a, -umopen
nōsplur. of ego
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
coniūnctus, -a, -umjoined, connected; closely attached, intimate (coniūnctissimus: very close)
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
vir, virī, m.man
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
velor; vel … vel: either … or
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
vinciō, vincīre, vinxī, vinctusbind
catēna, -ae, f.chain
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
mors, mortīs, f.death
tyrannus, -ī m.tyrant, despot
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
succingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird up, tuck up (a garment)
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
trux, trucissavage, fierce, grim
īnsībilō, -ārehiss, whistle (of wind)
murmur, -uris n.murmur, muttering
pīnētum, -ī n.pine wood
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
flūctus, -ūs m.wave
aequoreus, -a, -umof the sea, sea-
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
cōnfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour together, mingle; throw into disorder, confuse
fremō, -ere, -uī, -itumroar, growl; grumble (in + acc.: at)
verbum, -ī, n.word
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
ēmineō, -ēre, -uīstand out, project
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
praedīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictussay beforehand, foretell, predict
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
rūrsus, adv.again
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
caput, capitis, n.head
corōna, -ae f.crown, wreath (sub corōnā vēndere: sell as slaves)
exhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusshow, display, present
praesignis, -eoutstanding, distinguished
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
oculus, -ī, m.eye
omnis, -eall, every
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
honor, -ōris, m.honor
careō, -ēre, -uībe without, lack (+ abl.)
ulterius, adv.further, any longer
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
fēstus, -a, -umof a holiday, festive; diēs fēstus, feast day
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
at, conj.but
procerēs, -um m. pl.chiefs, leading men
quoniam, conj.since now, since
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitumforbid
rūs, rūris n.the country, countryside; (pl.) fields
honōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushonour, respect
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
dēprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressumpress down, sink; depressus: sunk below ground
subiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow or place under
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
arātrum, -ī n.plough
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
lūx, lūcis, f.light
ortus, -ūs m.rising (ortus sōlis: sunrise)
aerātus, -a, -umcovered or fitted with bronze
mīrus, -a, -umwonderful, strange
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
īnsculpō, -ere, -sculpsī, -sculptuscarve, engrave in
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
Ovid, Metamorphoses XV. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.