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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.43

The murder of Lucius Siccius

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Liv. 3.43.1Ad clādēs ab hostibus acceptās duo nefanda facinora decemvirī bellī domīque adiciunt.To the disasters suffered at the hands of the enemy the decemvirs add two monstrous crimes, one in the field and one at home. Liv. 3.43.2L. Siccium in Sabīnīs, per invidiam decemvirālem tribūnōrum creandōrum sēcessiōnisque mentiōnēs ad vulgus mīlitum sermōnibus occultīs serentem, prōspeculātum ad locum : castrīs capiendum mittunt.Lucius Siccius, who, among the Sabines, out of hatred for the decemvirs, was sowing talk of electing tribunes and of secession among the mass of the soldiers in secret conversations, they send ahead to reconnoitre a site for a camp. Liv. 3.43.3Datur negōtium mīlitibus, quōs mīserant expedītiōnis eius comitēs, ut eum opportūnō adortī locō interficerent.The soldiers whom they had sent as his companions on that mission are given the task of attacking him in a convenient place and killing him. Liv. 3.43.4Haud inultum interfēcēre;They did not kill him unavenged; Liv. 3.43.4nam circā repugnantem aliquot īnsidiātōrēs cecidēre, cum ipse sē praevalidus parī vīribus animō circumventus tūtārētur.for several of the assassins fell around him as he fought back, since, exceptionally powerful as he was, he defended himself, though surrounded, with a courage equal to his strength.

Liv. 3.43.5Nūntiant in castra cēterī praecipitātum in īnsidiās esse;The rest report in the camp that he had fallen headlong into an ambush; Liv. 3.43.5Siccium ēgregiē pugnantem mīlitēsque quōsdam cum eō āmissōs.that Siccius, fighting splendidly, had been lost, and some soldiers with him. Liv. 3.43.6Prīmō fidēs nūntiantibus fuit;At first the messengers were believed; Liv. 3.43.6profecta deinde cohors ad sepeliendōs quī ceciderant Decemvirōrum permissū, postquam nūllum spoliātum ibi corpus Sicciumque in mediō iacentem armātum omnibus in eum versīs corporibus vīdēre, hostium neque corpus ūllum nec vestīgia abeuntium, profectō ab suīs interfectum memorantēs rettulēre corpus.but then a cohort that had set out with the decemvirs' permission to bury those who had fallen, when they saw that no body there had been stripped, and that Siccius lay in the middle in his armour with all the bodies turned towards him, while there was no body of the enemy nor any tracks of their departure, brought back his body, declaring that he had certainly been killed by his own men. Liv. 3.43.7Invidiaeque plēna castra erant, et Rōmam ferrī prōtinus Siccium placēbat, nī decemvirī fūnus mīlitāre eī pūblicā inpēnsā facere mātūrāssent.The camp was full of indignation, and it was resolved that Siccius should be carried straight to Rome, had not the decemvirs hastened to give him a military funeral at public expense.

Liv. 3.43.7Sepultus ingentī mīlitum maestitiā, pessima Decemvirōrum in vulgus fāma est.He was buried amid the deep grief of the soldiers, and the decemvirs' reputation among the common people was at its worst.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (110 words)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
clādēs, -is f.disaster, defeat, destruction
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
nefandus, -a, -umunspeakable, abominable
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
decemvir, -ī m.member of a board of ten; (pl.) the decemvirs, here keepers of the Sibylline books
bellum, -ī, n.war
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
que, enclitic conj.and
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
decemvirālis, -eof the decemvirs
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
creō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuselect, appoint
sēcessiō, -ōnis f.withdrawal, secession (of the plebs from Rome)
mentiō, -ōnis, f.mention
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
occultus, -a, -umhidden, secret
serō, serere, sēvī, satussow, plant
prōspeculor, -ārī, -ātus sumlook out, keep watch; reconnoitre
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
expedītiō, -ōnis f.expedition, raid
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
adorior, -īrī, adortus sumattack
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
inultus, -a, -umunavenged; unpunished
nam, conj.for
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
repugnō, -pugnāre, -pugnāvī, -pugnātusfight against, struggle, resist
aliquot (indecl.)several, some
īnsidiātor, -ōris m.a man lying in ambush; (pl.) the ambushers
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
praevalidus, -a, -umvery strong, powerful; too vigorous, rank
pār, parisequal
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
circumveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumsurround
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
praecipitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthrow headlong; sē praecipitāre: hurl oneself
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ēgregiē, adv.excellently, splendidly, admirably
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
cum, prep, with abl.with
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
prīmō, adv.at first
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
deinde, adv.then, next
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
sepeliō, sepelīre, sepelīvī, sepultusbury
permissus, -ūs m.permission, leave (only in abl. permissū)
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
spoliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, rob
ibi, adv.in that place, there
corpus, corporis, n.body
medium, -ī n.the middle; in mediō: in the midst
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
omnis, -eall, every
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ūllus, -a, -umany
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
plēnus, -a, -umfull
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
fūnus, -eris n.funeral
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
impēnsa, -ae f.expense, outlay
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
mātūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusripen; hasten
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
maestitia, -ae f.sadness, grief
malus, -a, -umbad
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.