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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.20

Quinctius summons the army to Regillus

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Liv. 3.20.1Mōverat plēbem ōrātiō cōnsulis;The consul's speech had moved the plebs; Liv. 3.20.1ērēctī patrēs restitūtam crēdēbant rem pūblicam.the senators, heartened, believed the state restored. Liv. 3.20.1Cōnsul alter, comes animōsior quam auctor, suscēpisse collēgam priōrem āctiōnēs tam gravīs facile passus, in peragendīs cōnsulāris officiī partem ad sē vindicābat.The other consul, a more spirited companion than leader, having readily allowed his colleague to take the lead in measures so serious, claimed for himself a share of the consular duty in carrying them out. Liv. 3.20.2Tum tribūnī ēlūdentēs velut vāna dicta persequī quaerendō, quōnam modō exercitum ēductūrī cōnsulēs essent, quōs dīlēctum habēre nēmō passūrus esset?Then the tribunes, mocking these as empty words, pressed on by asking how ever the consuls were going to lead out an army, when nobody would allow them to hold a levy? Liv. 3.20.3"Nōbīs vērō" inquit Quīnctius "nihil dīlēctū opus est, cum, quō tempore P. Valerius ad recipiundum Capitōlium arma plēbī dedit, omnēs in verba iūrāverint conventūrōs sē iussū cōnsulis nec iniussū abitūrōs.'We have no need of a levy at all,' said Quinctius, 'since at the time when Publius Valerius gave arms to the plebs to recover the Capitol, all swore the oath that they would assemble at the consul's order and not depart without his order.

Liv. 3.20.4Ēdīcimus itaque, omnēs, quī in verba iūrāstis, crāstinā diē armātī ad lacum Rēgillum adsītis."We therefore give notice that all of you who have sworn the oath are to be present under arms tomorrow at Lake Regillus.' Liv. 3.20.4Cavillārī tum tribūnī et populum exsolvere religiōne velle: prīvātum eō tempore Quīnctium fuisse, cum sacrāmentō adāctī sint.Then the tribunes began to quibble and wanted to release the people from their religious obligation: Quinctius had been a private citizen at the time when they were bound by the oath. Liv. 3.20.5Sed nōndum haec, quae nunc tenet saeculum, neglegentia deum vēnerat, nec interpretandō sibi quisque iūs iūrandum et lēgēs aptās faciēbat, sed suōs potius mōrēs ad ea accommodābat.But that disregard for the gods which possesses the present age had not yet come, nor did each man make oaths and laws suit himself by interpreting them, but rather he adapted his own conduct to them. Liv. 3.20.6Igitur tribūnī, ut inpediendae reī nūlla spēs erat, dē prōferendā profectiōne exercitūs agere, eō magis, quod et augurēs iussōs adesse ad Rēgillum lacum fāma exierat locumque inaugurārī, ubi auspicātō cum populō agī posset, ut, quidquid Rōmae vī tribūniciā rogātum esset, id comitiīs ibi abrogārētur: omnēs id iussūrōs, quod cōnsulēs vellent;So the tribunes, since there was no hope of blocking the matter, set about delaying the army's departure, all the more because a rumour had got out that the augurs too had been ordered to attend at Lake Regillus and that a place was to be inaugurated where business could be transacted with the people under the auspices, so that whatever had been passed at Rome by tribunician force might be repealed by an assembly there: all, it was said, would vote for what the consuls wished; Liv. 3.20.7neque enim prōvocātiōnem esse longius ab urbe mīlle passuum, et tribūnōs, sī eō veniant, in aliā turbā Quirītium subiectōs fore cōnsulārī imperiō.for there was no right of appeal more than a mile from the city, and the tribunes, if they came there, would be subject to the consul's authority like the rest of the crowd of Quirites.

Liv. 3.20.8Terrēbant haec;This was alarming; Liv. 3.20.8sed ille maximus terror animōs agitābat, quod saepius Quīnctius dictitābat sē cōnsulum comitia nōn habitūrum: nōn ita cīvitātem aegram esse, ut cōnsuētīs remediīs sistī posset;but the greatest terror troubling their minds was that Quinctius kept saying he would not hold an election of consuls: the state was not so sick that it could be checked by the usual remedies; Liv. 3.20.8dictātōre opus esse reī pūblicae, ut, quī sē mōverit ad sollicitandum statum cīvitātis, sentiat sine prōvocātiōne dictātūram esse.the state needed a dictator, so that whoever stirred himself to unsettle the condition of the state might feel that a dictatorship was without appeal.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×8, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (166 words)
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
pater, patris, m.father
restituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset up again, put back, restore
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
animōsus, -a, -umhigh-spirited, bold, proud
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
āctiō, -ōnis f.doing, action; a public act or measure
tam, adv.so
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
facile, adv.easily
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
vindicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpunish; claim
tum, adv.then, at that time
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
veluteven or just as, as
vānus, -a, -umempty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
quōnam (adv.)by what way, how ever; quōnam modō: how ever, in what way
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
ēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead out, draw
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
dīlēctus, -ūs m.levy, recruitment of soldiers; dīlēctum habēre: hold a levy
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
nōsplur. of ego
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
opus, operis, n.work, task
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
omnis, -eall, every
verbum, -ī, n.word
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
iussus, -ūs, m.bidding, command
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
iniussū (abl. only)without the order (of)
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
ēdīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictusdeclare, proclaim, appoint
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
crāstinus, -a, -umof tomorrow; in crāstinum (diem): on the next day
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
armātus, -a, -umarmed
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
cavillor, -ārī, -ātus sumjeer, mock, scoff; quibble, argue captiously
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
populus, -ī m.people, nation
exsolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusset free, release
religiō, -ōnis f.religious scruple, religious duty
volō, velle, voluīwish
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
sacrāmentum, -ī n.military oath (of allegiance)
adigō, -ere, adēgī, adāctumdrive, hurl (a weapon) to
sed, conj.but
nōndum, adv.not yet
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nunc, adv.now
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
saeculum, -ī n.generation, age; century
neglegentia, -ae f.carelessness, neglect
deus, -ī, m.god
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
interpretor, -ārī, -ātus sumexplain, interpret
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
lēx, lēgis f.law
aptus, -a, -umfit, suited
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
potius (adv.)rather
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
accommodō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfit, adjust, put on
igitur, conj.therefore
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
spēs, speī, f.hope
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
profectiō, -ōnis, f.departure, start
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quod, conj.that, in that, because
augur, -uris m.augur, a priest who read the will of the gods from birds and signs
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
que, enclitic conj.and
inaugurō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustake the auspices, consult the birds
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
auspicātō (adv.)after taking the auspices, with the approval of the birds
cum, prep, with abl.with
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
comitia, -ōrum n. pl.the assembly of the Roman people for voting; elections
ibi, adv.in that place, there
abrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrepeal; take away (a command) from (dat.)
enim, conj.for
prōvocātiō, -ōnis f.appeal (to the people against a magistrate's sentence)
longē, adv.far
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
urbs, urbis, f.city
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
passus, -ūs, m.pace (mīlia passuum: miles)
sī, conj.if
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
turba, -ae f.crowd
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
subiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow or place under
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
terreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten, terrify
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
saepe, adv.often, frequently
dictitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuskeep saying, say again and again
nōn, adv.not
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
aeger, -gra, -grumsick, ill; as noun, a sick man
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
remedium, -ī, n.remedy
sistō, -ere, stitī, statusstop, halt; set up
dictātor, -ōris m.dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency
sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, tempt
status, -ūs m.condition, state
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
sine, prep. with abl.without
dictātūra, -ae f.dictatorship
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.