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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.58

Hannibal offers ransom for captives

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Liv. 22.58.1Namque Hannibal secundum tam prosperam ad Cannās pugnam victōris magis quam bellum gerentis intentus cūrīs, cum captīvīs prōductīs sēgregātīsque sociōs, sīcut ante ad Trebiam Trasumennumque lacum benignē adlocūtus sine pretiō dīmīsisset, Rōmānōs quoque vocātōs, quod numquam aliās anteā, satis mītī sermōne adloquitur: nōn internecīvum sibi esse cum Rōmānīs bellum;For Hannibal, after so successful a battle at Cannae, busy with the concerns of a victor rather than of one waging war, had the captives brought out and separated, and when he had spoken kindly to the allies, as before at the Trebia and Lake Trasimene, and released them without ransom, he called the Romans too and addresses them, as he had never done before, in quite a gentle speech: he was not waging a war of extermination with the Romans; Liv. 22.58.3dē dignitāte atque imperiō certāre.he was contending for honour and empire. Liv. 22.58.3Et patrēs virtūtī Rōmānae cessisse, et sē id adnītī, ut suae in vicem simul fēlīcitātī et virtūtī cēdātur.His fathers had yielded to Roman valour, and he was striving that the Romans in their turn should yield to his own good fortune and valour together.

Liv. 22.58.4Itaque redimendī sē captīvīs cōpiam facere;So he was giving the captives the opportunity to ransom themselves; Liv. 22.58.4pretium fore in capita equitī quīngēnōs quadrīgātōs nummōs, trecēnōs peditī, servō centēnōs.the price per head would be five hundred quadrigati for a horseman, three hundred for a foot soldier, a hundred for a slave. Liv. 22.58.5Quamquam aliquantum adiciēbātur equitibus ad id pretium, quō pepigerant dēdentēs sē, laetī tamen quamcumque condiciōnem pacīscendī accēpērunt.Although this added a good deal for the horsemen to the price on which they had agreed when surrendering, they nevertheless gladly accepted any terms of agreement whatever. Liv. 22.58.6Placuit suffrāgiō ipsōrum decem dēligī quī Rōmam ad senātum īrent, nec pignus aliud fideī, quam ut iūrārent sē reditūrōs, acceptum.It was decided that ten should be chosen by their own vote to go to the senate at Rome, and no other pledge of good faith was taken than that they should swear to return. Liv. 22.58.7Missus cum hīs Carthalō, nōbilis Carthāginiēnsis, quī, sī forte ad pācem inclīnārent animōs, condiciōnēs ferret.With them was sent Carthalo, a Carthaginian noble, to offer terms, if by chance their minds were inclined towards peace.

Liv. 22.58.8Cum ēgressī castrīs essent, ūnus ex iīs, minimē Rōmānī ingeniī homō, velutī aliquid oblītus, iūris iūrandī solvendī causā cum in castra redīsset, ante noctem comitēs adsequitur.When they had left the camp, one of them, a man of a most un-Roman character, returned to the camp as if he had forgotten something, in order to release himself from his oath, and caught up with his companions before nightfall. Liv. 22.58.9Ubi Rōmam venīre eōs nūntiātum est, Carthalōnī obviam līctor missus, quī dictātōris verbīs nūntiāret, ut ante noctem excēderet fīnibus Rōmānīs.When it was reported that they were coming to Rome, a lictor was sent to meet Carthalo, to tell him in the dictator's name to leave Roman territory before nightfall.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, purpose clauses ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×4, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (130 words)
namque, conj.for
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
tam, adv.so
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
bellum, -ī, n.war
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
captīvus, -a, -umcaptive
prōdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumlead out, bring out
sēgregō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusseparate, keep apart, exclude
que, enclitic conj.and
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
sīcut (conj.)just as
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
benignē, adv.kindly
alloquor (adloquor), -loquī, -locūtus sumspeak to, address
sine, prep. with abl.without
pretium, -ī, n.price, charge
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
quoque, adv.also
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
numquam, adv.never
aliās (adv.)at another time (aliās … aliās: sometimes … sometimes)
anteā, adv.before
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
mītis, -emild, gentle (adv. mītissimē: as gently as possible)
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
nōn, adv.not
internecīvus, -a, -ummurderous, deadly, of extermination
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cum, prep, with abl.with
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
pater, patris, m.father
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
adnītor, -nītī, -nīsus sumlean on; exert oneself, support (someone's cause)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vicis (gen.), vicem f.change, turn; in vicem: in turn
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
fēlīcitās, -ātis f.good fortune, luck
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptumbuy up; buy back
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
caput, capitis, n.head
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
quīngēnī, -ae, -afive hundred each
quadrīgātus, -a, -umstamped with a four-horse chariot; nummus quadrīgātus: a silver coin, the quadrigatus
nummus, -ī, m.coin
trecēnī, -ae, -athree hundred each, three hundred at a time
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
centēnī, -ae, -aa hundred each, in hundreds
quamquam, conj.however much, although
aliquantum, -quantī, n.somewhat
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
pangō, -ere, pepigī, pāctusfix; agree, bargain for
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
pacīscor, -ī, pactus sumagree, arrange; pactus: agreed upon
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
suffrāgium, -ī n.vote
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
decem, indecl. adj.ten
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
senātus, -ūs m.senate
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
pignus, -oris n.pledge, token, keepsake
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
sī, conj.if
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
pāx, pācis f.peace
inclīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbend, lean; incline, tend
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
minimē, adv.least, very little; by no means, not at all
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
homō, hominis, m.man
velutī (adv.)just as, as if
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
nox, noctis, f.night
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
adsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumovertake; gain, achieve
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
obviam, adv.in the way, opposite, face to face; obviam fierī, to meet; obviam īre, to go to meet
līctor, -ōris m.lictor, an attendant carrying the rods (fascēs) before a magistrate
dictātor, -ōris m.dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency
verbum, -ī, n.word
excēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo out or forth, depart
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.