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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.29

Fabius rescues his rash colleague

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Liv. 22.29.1Tum Fabius prīmō clamōre paventium audītō, Dein cōnspectā procul turbātā aciē " ita est," inquit " celerius quam timuī dēprendit fortūna temeritātem.Then Fabius, hearing first the shouts of the terrified men, and then seeing the line in disorder in the distance, said: 'So it is: fortune has caught up with rashness sooner than I feared. Liv. 22.29.2Fabiō aequātus imperiō Hannibalem et virtūte et fortūnā superiōrem videt.Made equal to Fabius in command, he sees Hannibal his superior in both courage and fortune. Liv. 22.29.2Sed aliud iūrgandī suscēnsendīque tempus erit;But there will be another time for reproaches and anger; Liv. 22.29.2nunc signa extrā vallum prōferte: victōriam hostī extorqueāmus, cōnfessiōnem errōris cīvibus."now carry the standards outside the rampart: let us wrest victory from the enemy, and an admission of error from our fellow citizens.' Liv. 22.29.3Iam magnā ex parte caesīs aliīs, aliīs circumspectantibus fugam Fabiāna sē aciēs repente velut caelō dēmissa ad auxilium ostendit.Some had already been cut down in great numbers, others were looking round for escape, when the Fabian line suddenly showed itself, as if sent down from heaven to their aid.

Liv. 22.29.4Itaque priusquam ad coniectum tēlī venīret aut manum cōnsereret, et suōs ā fugā effūsā et ab nimis ferōcī pugnā hostīs continuit.So, before it came within javelin range or joined battle, it checked both its own side from headlong flight and the enemy from fighting too fiercely. Liv. 22.29.4Quī solūtīs ōrdinibus vage dissipātī erant, undique cōnfūgērunt ad integram aciem;Those who had broken ranks and scattered in all directions fled from every side to the fresh line; Liv. 22.29.4quī plūrēs simul terga dederant, conversī in hostem volventēsque orbem nunc sēnsim referre pedem, nunc conglobātī restāre.those who had turned their backs in larger groups faced about towards the enemy and, forming a circle, now gave ground slowly, now massed together and stood firm. Liv. 22.29.5Ac iam prope ūna aciēs facta erat victī atque integrī exercitūs īnferēbantque signa in hostem, cum Poenus receptuī cecinit, palam ferente Hannibale ab sē Minucium, sē ab Fabiō victum.And by now the beaten army and the fresh one had almost become one line and were advancing on the enemy, when the Carthaginian sounded the retreat, Hannibal openly declaring that he had beaten Minucius but had been beaten by Fabius.

Liv. 22.29.7Ita per variam fortūnam diēī maiōre parte exāctā cum in castra reditum esset, Minucius convocātīs mīlitibus " saepe ego" inquit "audīvī, mīlitēs, eum prīmum esse virum, quī ipse cōnsulat, quid in rem sit, secundum eum, quī bene monentī oboediat;So when, the greater part of the day having been spent amid changing fortune, they had returned to camp, Minucius called his soldiers together and said: 'I have often heard, soldiers, that the first man is he who himself advises what is useful, the second he who obeys one who advises well; Liv. 22.29.8quī nec ipse cōnsulere nec alterī pārēre sciat, eum extrēmī ingeniī esse.and that he who knows neither how to advise himself nor how to obey another is of the lowest intelligence. Liv. 22.29.9Nōbīs quoniam prīma animī ingeniīque negāta sors est, secundam ac mediam teneāmus et, dum imperāre discimus, pārēre prūdentī in animum indūcāmus.Since the first rank of spirit and intelligence has been denied to us, let us hold the second, the middle one, and, while we learn to command, let us bring ourselves to obey a wise man. Liv. 22.29.10Castra cum Fabiō iungāmus: ad praetōrium eius signa cum tulerimus, ubi ego eum parentem appellāverō, quod beneficiō eius ergā nōs ac maiestāte eius dignum est, vōs, mīlitēs, eōs, quōrum vōs modo arma ac dexterae tēxērunt, patrōnōs salūtābitis, et, sī nihil aliud, grātōrum certē nōbīs animōrum glōriam diēs hic dederit."Let us join our camp to Fabius': when we have carried our standards to his headquarters, when I have called him father, as befits his kindness towards us and his dignity, you, soldiers, will greet as patrons those whose arms and right hands have just now protected you; and, if nothing else, this day will at least have given us the glory of grateful hearts.'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×7, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (167 words)
tum, adv.then, at that time
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
paveō, -ēre, pāvībe terrified, tremble
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
deinde, adv.then, next
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectusbehold, perceive, see
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
dēprendō, -prendere, -prendī, -prēnsusseize, catch; take by surprise
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
temeritās, -ātis f.rashness, recklessness
aequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummake equal
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sed, conj.but
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
iūrgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusquarrel, dispute; scold
suscēnseō, -ēre, -cēnsuībe angry, be indignant (with: dat.)
que, enclitic conj.and
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
nunc, adv.now
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
extrā (prep. + acc.)outside, beyond
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
victōria, -ae, f.victory
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
extorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortuswrench away, extort
cōnfessiō, -ōnis f.confession, admission
error, -ōris m.wandering; mistake, error
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
iam, adv.now, already
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
circumspectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook round (at), keep looking about; watch for
fuga, -ae, f.flight
Fabiānus, -a, -umof Fabius, under Fabius' command
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
repente (adv.)suddenly
veluteven or just as, as
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
priusquam, conj.before than, sooner than, before
coniectus, -ūs m.throwing; range of a missile; intra teli coniectum: within range
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
manus, -ūs, f.hand
cōnserō, -ere, -seruī, -sertusjoin, fasten together; manum (manūs) cōnserere: come to blows, engage
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
nimis (adv.)too much, too
ferōx, -ōcis, adj.fierce, savage
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
vagus, -a, -umwandering, roaming
dissipō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumscatter
undique, adv.from or on all sides
cōnfugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee for refuge
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
tergum, -ī, n.back
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
sēnsim, adv.gradually, little by little
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
pēs, pedis, m.foot
conglobō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgather into a mass; (pass.) mass together, rally
restō, -āre, restitīstay behind, remain
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
receptus, -ūs m.retreat; place of retreat
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
varius, -a, -umvarious
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
exigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumdrive out; finish, spend (a season)
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
convocō, -vocāre, -vocāvī, -vocātuscall together, summon, assemble
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
saepe, adv.often, frequently
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
vir, virī, m.man
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
bene, adv.well; successfully
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
oboediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumobey (+ dat.)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
nōsplur. of ego
quoniam, conj.since now, since
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
sors, sortis, f.lot
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
discō, discere, didicīlearn
prūdēns, -entissensible, shrewd, wise
indūcō, -dūcere, dūxī, -ductuslead in or on, move, excite
cum, prep, with abl.with
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
praetōrium, -ī n.governor's residence, headquarters
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
ergā, prep, with acc.toward, for
maiestās, -ātis f.greatness, dignity, majesty
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
vōsplur. of tū
modo, adv.only
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
patrōnus, -ī m.patron, protector
salūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgreet; pay a morning call on
sī, conj.if
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
glōria, -ae, f.glory
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.