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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.21

Unrest among the Spanish tribes

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Liv. 22.21.1Quiētum inde fore vidēbātur reliquum aestātis tempus, fuissetque per Poenum hostem;After that it seemed that the rest of the summer would be quiet, and it would have been, as far as the Carthaginian enemy was concerned; Liv. 22.21.2sed praeterquam quod ipsōrum Hispānōrum inquiēta avidaque in novās rēs sunt ingenia, Mandonius Indibilis, que quī anteā Ilergetum rēgulus, fuerat postquam Rōmānī ab saltū recessēre ad maritimam, ōram concitīs populāribus in agrum pācātum sociōrum Rōmānōrum ad populandum.vēnēruntbut besides the fact that the characters of the Spaniards themselves are restless and eager for revolution, Mandonius and Indibilis, who had previously been chieftain of the Ilergetes, after the Romans withdrew from the pass to the sea coast, roused their countrymen and came to plunder the peaceful territory of the Roman allies. Liv. 22.21.4Adversus eōs tribūnus mīlitum cum expedītīs auxiliīs ā Scīpiōne missī levī certāmine, ut tumultuāriam manum, fūdēre, mīlle hominibus occīsīs, quibusdam captīs magnāque parte armīs exūtā.Against them a military tribune with light-armed auxiliaries, sent by Scipio, routed them in a slight engagement, since they were a hastily gathered band, killing a thousand men, capturing some and stripping a large part of their arms.

Liv. 22.21.5Hic tamen tumultus cēdentem ad Oceanum Hasdrubalem cis Hibērum ad sociōs tūtandōs retrāxit.Yet this disturbance drew Hasdrubal back, as he was withdrawing towards the Ocean, to this side of the Ebro to protect his allies. Liv. 22.21.6Castra Pūnica in agrō Ilergavonēnsium, castra Rōmāna ad Novam Classem erant, cum fāma repēns aliō āvertit bellum.The Punic camp was in the territory of the Ilergavonenses, the Roman camp at Nova Classis, when a sudden report turned the war in another direction. Liv. 22.21.7Celtiberī quī prīncipēs regiōnis suae lēgātōs mīserant obsidēsque dederant Rōmānīs, nūntiō missō ā Scīpiōne excitī arma capiunt, prōvinciamque Carthāginiēnsium validō exercitū invādunt.The Celtiberians, who had sent the leading men of their region as envoys and had given hostages to the Romans, roused by a message sent by Scipio, take up arms and invade the province of the Carthaginians with a strong army. Liv. 22.21.8Tria oppida vī expugnant;They take three towns by storm; Liv. 22.21.8inde cum ipsō Hasdrubale duōbus proeliīs ēgregiē pugnant;then they fight splendidly in two battles against Hasdrubal himself; Liv. 22.21.8ad quīndecim mīlia hostium occīdērunt, quattuor mīlia cum multīs mīlitāribus signīs capiunt.they killed about fifteen thousand of the enemy, and capture four thousand together with many military standards.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (102 words)
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
inde (adv.)from there; then
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
que, enclitic conj.and
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
sed, conj.but
praeterquam (adv.)except, besides
quod, conj.that, in that, because
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
inquiētus, -a, -umrestless
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
anteā, adv.before
rēgulus, -ī m.petty king, prince; a royal official
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
saltus, -ūs m.wooded pass, forest glade, woodland
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
ōra, -ae f.coast, shore
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
populāris, -eof the people; popular; courting the people (a 'popular' politician)
ager, agri, m.field, land
pācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumsubdue, pacify
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
populor, -ārī, -ātus sumlay waste, plunder
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
cum, prep, with abl.with
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
levis, -elight, slight
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
tumultuārius, -a, -umhastily raised, scratch (of troops)
manus, -ūs, f.hand
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
homō, hominis, m.man
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
exuō, -uere, -uī, -ūtusput or take off
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
tumultus, -ūs m.uproar, uprising
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
cis (prep. + acc.)on this side of
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
retrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumdrag back
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
Pūnicus, -a, -umPunic, Carthaginian; bella Pūnica: the wars with Carthage
classis, -is f.fleet
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
repēns, -entissudden
aliō (adv.)to another place, elsewhere
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
bellum, -ī, n.war
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
obses, obsidis m./f.hostage
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
exciō, -īre, -cīvī, -citusrouse, stir up; summon
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
validus, -a, -umstrong
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
oppidum, -ī, n.town
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
expugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake by storm, capture
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
ēgregiē, adv.excellently, splendidly, admirably
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
quīndecim (indecl.)fifteen
quattuor, indecl. adj.four
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.