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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.11

Fabius takes command

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Liv. 22.11.1Ita rēbus dīvīnīs perāctīs tum dē bellō dēque rē pūblicā dictātor rettulit, quibus quotve legiōnibus victōrī hostī obviam eundum esse patrēs cēnsērent.When religious matters had thus been completed, the dictator then put the question of the war and the state, asking with which and how many legions the fathers thought the victorious enemy should be met. Liv. 22.11.2Dēcrētum ut ab Cn. Servīliō cōnsule exercitum acciperet;It was decreed that he should take over the army from the consul Gnaeus Servilius; Liv. 22.11.2scrīberet praetereā ex cīvibus sociīsque quantum equitum ac peditum vidērētur;should enrol, besides, from citizens and allies as many cavalry and infantry as he saw fit; Liv. 22.11.2cētera omnia ageret faceretque, ut ē rē pūblicā dūceret.and should do and perform everything else as he judged to be in the interest of the republic. Liv. 22.11.3Fabius duās legiōnēs sē adiectūrum ad Servīliānum exercitum dīxit.Fabius said that he would add two legions to the army of Servilius. Liv. 22.11.3Iīs per magistrum equitum scrīptīs Tībur diem ad conveniendum ēdīxit;When these had been enrolled through the master of the horse, he proclaimed a day for them to assemble at Tibur; Liv. 22.11.4ēdictōque prōpositō, ut, quibus oppida castellaque immūnīta essent, ut iī commigrārent in loca tūta, ex agrīs quoque dēmigrārent omnēs regiōnis eius, quā itūrus Hannibal esset, tēctīs prius incēnsīs ac frūgibus corruptīs, nē cuius reī cōpia esset, ipse viā Flāminiā profectus obviam cōnsulī exercituīque cum ad Tiberim circā Ocriculum prōspexisset agmen cōnsulemque cum equitibus ad sē prōgredientem, viātōrem mīsit, quī cōnsulī nūntiāret, ut sine līctōribus ad dictātōrem venīret.and having published an edict that those whose towns and forts were unfortified should move into safe places, and that all the inhabitants of the region through which Hannibal was going to pass should also move out of the countryside, first burning their buildings and destroying their crops, so that there should be a supply of nothing, he himself set out along the Flaminian Way to meet the consul and his army, and when near Ocriculum by the Tiber he caught sight of the column and the consul advancing towards him with the cavalry, he sent an orderly to tell the consul to come to the dictator without his lictors.

Liv. 22.11.6Quī cum dictō pāruisset congressusque eōrum ingentem speciem dictātūrae apud cīvēs sociōsque vetustāte iam prope oblītōs eius imperiī fēcisset, litterae ab urbe allātae sunt, nāvēs onerāriās commeātum ab Ōstiā in Hispāniam ad exercitum portantēs ā classe Pūnicā circā portum Cosānum captās esse.When he had obeyed the order, and their meeting had made a great show of the dictatorship before citizens and allies, who through lapse of time had now almost forgotten that office, a letter was brought from the city saying that merchant ships carrying supplies from Ostia to the army in Spain had been captured by the Carthaginian fleet near the harbour of Cosa. Liv. 22.11.7Itaque extemplō cōnsul Ōstiam proficīscī iussus nāvibusque, quae ad urbem Rōmānam aut Ōstiae essent, complētīs mīlite ac nāvālibus sociīs persequī hostium classem ac lītora Ītaliae tūtārī.And so the consul was at once ordered to set out for Ostia and, manning the ships that were at the city of Rome or at Ostia with soldiers and naval allies, to pursue the enemy fleet and guard the coasts of Italy. Liv. 22.11.8Magna vīs hominum cōnscrīpta Rōmae erat;A great number of men had been enrolled at Rome; Liv. 22.11.8lībertīnī etiam, quibus līberī essent et aetās mīlitāris, in verba iūrāverant.even freedmen who had children and were of military age had taken the oath.

Liv. 22.11.9Ex hōc urbānō exercitū quī minōrēs quīnque et trīgintā annīs erant in nāvīs inpositī, aliī, ut urbī praesidērent, relictī.Of this city army, those who were under thirty-five years of age were put on board the ships; the others were left to guard the city.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×5, purpose clauses ×4, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (149 words)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
tum, adv.then, at that time
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
bellum, -ī, n.war
que, enclitic conj.and
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
dictātor, -ōris m.dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
quot (indecl.)how many
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
obviam, adv.in the way, opposite, face to face; obviam fierī, to meet; obviam īre, to go to meet
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
pater, patris, m.father
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
quantum, adv.how much? how?
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
omnis, -eall, every
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
Servīliānus, -a, -umof Servilius (the consul Cn. Servilius)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
magister, -trī, m.master
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
ēdīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictusdeclare, proclaim, appoint
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
prōpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
oppidum, -ī, n.town
castellum, -ī n.fort, redoubt
immūnītus, -a, -umunfortified; (of roads) unmade
commigrō, -āre, -āvīmove (house), migrate
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
ager, agri, m.field, land
quoque, adv.also
dēmigrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummove away, emigrate
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
quā, adv.in which place, where
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
prius, adv.before, first
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
frūx, frūgis f. (usu. pl.)crops, produce
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
via, -ae, f.road, way
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
prōspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook ahead, provide for (+ dat.)
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
cum, prep, with abl.with
prōgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo forward, advance
viātor, -tōris, m.wayfarer, traveler
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
sine, prep. with abl.without
līctor, -ōris m.lictor, an attendant carrying the rods (fascēs) before a magistrate
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
congressus, -ūs m.meeting; encounter, clash
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
dictātūra, -ae f.dictatorship
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
iam, adv.now, already
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
littera, -ae f.letter (of the alphabet); pl. letter, writing
urbs, urbis, f.city
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
nāvis, -is, f.ship
onerārius, -a, -umfor freight; nāvis onerāria: transport ship
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry
classis, -is f.fleet
Pūnicus, -a, -umPunic, Carthaginian; bella Pūnica: the wars with Carthage
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
Cosānus, -a, -umof Cosa, a coastal town of Etruria
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
extemplō, adv.immediately, straightway, at once
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
compleō, -plēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill full, fill up
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
nāvālis, -enaval, of ships
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
homō, hominis, m.man
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
lībertīnus, -a, -umof a freedman; as noun, freedman
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
aetās, -tātis, f.age
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
verbum, -ī, n.word
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
urbānus, -a, -umof the city (Rome), urban
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
quīnquefive
trīgintā (indecl.)thirty
annus, -ī, m.year
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
praesideō, -sidēre, -sēdīsit in front of; guard, protect, preside over (+ dat.)
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.