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Horace · Satires I

Horace, Satires 1.7

A lawsuit before Brutus

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Sat. 1.7.1Prōscrīptī Rēgis Rupilī pūs atque venēnum
hybrida quō pactō sit Persius ultus, opīnor
omnibus et lippīs notum et tōnsōribus esse.
How the mongrel Persius took revenge on the pus and venom of Rupilius Rex, the outlaw, is known, I think, to every bleary-eyed man and barber.
Sat. 1.7.4Persius hic permagna negōtia dīves habēbat
5Clazomenīs et iam lītīs cum Rēge molestās,
dūrus homō atque odiō quī posset vincere Rēgem,
cōnfīdēns, tumidus, adeō sermōnis amārī,
Sisennās, Barrōs ut equīs praecurreret albīs.
This Persius, a rich man, had very large business interests at Clazomenae, and also tiresome lawsuits with Rex; he was a hard man, able to outdo even Rex in hatefulness, bold, puffed up, so bitter of tongue that he would outstrip the Sisennas and the Barruses as if on white horses.
Sat. 1.7.9Ad Rēgem redeō.I return to Rex. Sat. 1.7.9Postquam nihil inter utrumque
10convēnit — hōc etenim sunt omnēs iūre molestī,
quō fortēs, quibus adversum bellum incidit: inter
Hectora Priamidēn, animōsum atque inter Achillem
īra fuit capitālis, ut ultima dīvideret mors,
nōn aliam ob causam, nisi quod virtūs in utrōque
15summa fuit: duo sī discordia vexet inertīs
aut sī disparibus bellum incidat, ut Diomēdī
cum Lyciō Glaucō, discēdat pigrior, ultrō
mūneribus missīs.
After no agreement could be reached between the two — for all men are troublesome on the same terms as the brave, when war comes between them: between Hector, son of Priam, and high-spirited Achilles there was an anger so deadly that only death at last could part them, for no other reason than that courage in each was supreme: if discord troubles two cowards, or if war breaks out between ill-matched men, as for Diomedes with Lycian Glaucus, the feebler withdraws, even sending gifts unasked.

Sat. 1.7.18Brūtō praetōre tenente
dītem Asiam, Rupilī et Persī pār pugnat, utī nōn
20conpositum melius cum Bīthō Bacchius.
While the praetor Brutus held rich Asia, the pair Rupilius and Persius fight, so evenly that Bacchius was no better matched with Bithus.
Sat. 1.7.20In iūs
ācrēs prōcurrunt, magnum spectāculum uterque.
Fiercely they rush into court, each a grand spectacle.
Sat. 1.7.22Persius expōnit causam;Persius sets out his case; Sat. 1.7.22rīdētur ab omnī
conventū;
he is laughed at by the whole assembly;
Sat. 1.7.23laudat Brūtum laudatque cohortem,
sōlem Asiae Brūtum appellat stellāsque salūbrīs
25appellat comitēs, exceptō Rēge;
he praises Brutus and praises his staff; he calls Brutus the sun of Asia, and calls his companions health-giving stars, except Rex;
Sat. 1.7.25canem illum,
invīsum agricolīs sīdus, vēnisse: ruēbat
flūmen ut hībernum, fertur quō rāra secūris.
he, he says, had come like the Dog, that star hated by farmers: he rushed on like a winter torrent where the axe seldom goes.
Sat. 1.7.28Tum Praenestīnus salsō multōque fluentī
expressa arbustō regerit convīcia, dūrus
30vindēmiātor et invictus, cui saepe viātor
cessisset magnā conpellāns vōce cucūlum.
Then the man from Praeneste flings back at this salty, copious flood insults squeezed from the vineyard, a tough and unbeaten vine-dresser, to whom the wayfarer had often had to yield, though calling him 'cuckoo' at the top of his voice.

Sat. 1.7.32At Graecus, postquam est Ītalō perfūsus acētō,
Persius exclāmat: 'per magnōs, Brūte, Deōs tē
ōrō, quī rēgēs cōnsuērīs tollere, cūr nōn
35hunc Rēgem iugulās?
But the Greek Persius, after being drenched with Italian vinegar, cries out: 'By the great gods, Brutus, I beg you, since you are used to removing kings, why do you not cut this Rex's throat?
Sat. 1.7.35Operum hoc, mihi crēde, tuōrum est.'This, believe me, is one of your tasks.'

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (151 words)
prōscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuspublish; outlaw (put a man's name on a list, his life and property forfeit)
pūs, pūris n.pus, matter; venom, spite
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
hybrida (hibrida), -ae m./f.hybrid, mongrel; person of mixed parentage
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
pactum, -ī n.agreement; quō pactō: in what way, how
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ulcīscor, ulcīscī, ultusavenge
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
omnis, -eall, every
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
lippus, -a, -umwith sore or running eyes, bleary-eyed
nōtus, -a, -umknown, well-known, famous
tōnsor, -ōris m.barber
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
permagnus, -a, -umvery great, very large
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
dīves, dīvitis (superl. dītissimus)rich
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
iam, adv.now, already
līs, lītis f.lawsuit, dispute; damages
cum, prep, with abl.with
molestus, -a, -umtroublesome; molestus esse (+ dat.), to bother
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
homō, hominis, m.man
odium, -ī, n.hatred
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
cōnfīdēns, -entisconfident, self-assured; bold, impudent
tumidus, -a, -umswollen, swelling
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
equus, -ī, m.horse
praecurrō, -ere, -cucurrī, -cursumrun ahead, hurry on before
albus, -a, -umwhite
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
fortis, -ebrave
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
bellum, -ī, n.war
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
animōsus, -a, -umhigh-spirited, bold, proud
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
capitālis, -edeadly; involving death
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
dīvidō, -videre, -vīsī, -vīsusdivide, separate
mors, mortīs, f.death
nōn, adv.not
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
nisi, conj.if not, unless
quod, conj.that, in that, because
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
sī, conj.if
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
vexō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumharass, ravage
iners, -ertissluggish, idle, unmanly
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
dispār, -parisunequal, unlike
Lycius, -a, -umLycian, of Lycia in south-west Asia Minor (Lyciae sortēs: Apollo's oracles at Patara)
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
piger, -gra, -grumsluggish, slow
ultrō (adv.)of one's own accord; besides (ultrō citrōque: back and forth)
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
praetor, -ōris m.praetor (legātus prō praetōre: officer with a praetor's powers)
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
pār, parisequal
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
bene, adv.well; successfully
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
prōcurrō, -ere, prōcucurrīrun forward, charge
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
spectāculum, -ī n.sight, spectacle, show
expōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput out, set forth; put on shore, land; explain
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsuslaugh
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
conventus, -ūs m.meeting, assembly
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
que, enclitic conj.and
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
stēlla, -ae f.star
salūber (salūbris), -bris, -brehealthy, wholesome, beneficial
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
invīsus, -a, -umhated, hateful (to: dat.)
agricola, -ae m.farmer, tiller of the soil
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
flūmen, -minis, n.river
hībernus, -a, -umwintry, of winter
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
rārus, -a, -umscattered, few
secūris, -is f.axe (the axes in the fasces, sign of Roman power)
tum, adv.then, at that time
Praenestīnus, -a, -umof Praeneste, a hill town east of Rome
salsus, -a, -umsalted, salt
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
fluō, -ere, flūxīflow
exprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress out
arbustum, -ī n.orchard, plantation of trees (for training vines)
regerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestusthrow back, carry back; heap back
convīcium, -ī n.loud noise, wrangling; abuse
vindēmiātor, -ōris m.grape-picker, vintager
invictus, -a, -umunconquered, unbeaten
saepe, adv.often, frequently
viātor, -tōris, m.wayfarer, traveler
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
compellō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusaddress, speak to; call on
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
cucūlus, -ī m.cuckoo; as insult: lazy fellow
at, conj.but
Ītalus, -a, -umItalian
perfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour over, drench; fill (with a feeling)
acētum, -ī n.sour wine, vinegar
exclāmō, -clāmāre, -clāmāvī, -clāmātuscry out, exclaim
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
deus, -ī, m.god
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
rēx, rēgis, m.king
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
cūr, adv.why
iugulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscut the throat of, murder
opus, operis, n.work, task
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
Horace, Satires I. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Horace's Satires (from C. Smart, The Works of Horace, Philadelphia, 1836), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.