Pro Roscio 37

Who told Chrysogonus?

LatinLatin and EnglishEnglish onlyRead it word by word

Rosc. Am. 37.1Quaeritur etiam nunc quis eum nūntium mīserit?Is it still asked who sent that messenger? Rosc. Am. 37.1nōnne perspicuum est eundem quī Ameriam?is it not clear that it was the same man who sent one to Ameria? Rosc. Am. 37.1Cūrat Chrȳsogonus ut eius bona vēneant statim;Chrysogonus sees to it that his property is sold at once; Rosc. Am. 37.1quī nōn nōrat hominem aut rem.he who knew neither the man nor his affairs. Rosc. Am. 37.1At quī eī vēnit in mentem praedia concupīscere hominis ignōtī quem omnīnō numquam vīderat?But how did it come into his mind to covet the estates of an unknown man whom he had never seen at all? Rosc. Am. 37.1Solētis, cum aliquid huiusce modī audīstis, iūdicēs, continuō dīcere: "Necesse est aliquem dīxisse mūnicipem aut vīcīnum;When you hear of anything of this kind, gentlemen, you are accustomed to say at once: 'Someone from the town or a neighbour must have told him; Rosc. Am. 37.1eī plērumque indicant, per eōs plērīque prōduntur."it is they who generally inform, and through them that most men are betrayed.' Rosc. Am. 37.1Hīc nihil est quod suspīciōne occupētis.Here there is nothing for you to seize upon by suspicion.

Rosc. Am. 37.106Nōn enim ego ita disputābō: "Vērī simile est Rosciōs istam rem ad Chrȳsogonum dētulisse;For I shall not argue thus: 'It is likely that the Roscii reported the matter to Chrysogonus; Rosc. Am. 37.106erat enim eīs cum Chrȳsogonō iam anteā amīcitia;for they already had a friendship with Chrysogonus before; Rosc. Am. 37.106nam cum multōs veterēs ā maiōribus Rosciī patrōnōs hospitēsque habērent, omnīs eōs colere atque observāre dēstitērunt ac sē in Chrȳsogonī fidem et clientēlam contulērunt."for though the Roscii had many old patrons and hosts inherited from their ancestors, they ceased to cultivate and attend to all of them, and placed themselves under the protection and clientship of Chrysogonus.' Rosc. Am. 37.107Haec possum omnia vērē dīcere, sed in hāc causā coniectūrā nihil opus est;All this I can say truthfully, but in this case there is no need of conjecture; Rosc. Am. 37.107ipsōs certō sciō nōn negāre ad haec bona Chrȳsogonum accessisse impulsū suō.I know for certain that they themselves do not deny that Chrysogonus went after this property at their instigation. Rosc. Am. 37.107Sī eum quī indicī causā partem accēperit oculīs cernētis, poteritisne dubitāre, iūdicēs, quī indicārit?If you see with your eyes the man who received a share as the price of informing, will you be able to doubt, gentlemen, who informed?

Rosc. Am. 37.107Quī sunt igitur in istīs bonīs quibus partem Chrȳsogonus dederit?Who, then, are those in that property to whom Chrysogonus has given a share? Rosc. Am. 37.107Duo Rosciī.The two Roscii. Rosc. Am. 37.107Num quisnam praetereā?Anyone else besides? Rosc. Am. 37.107Nēmō est, iūdicēs.No one, gentlemen. Rosc. Am. 37.107Num ergō dubium est quīn eī obtulerint hanc praedam Chrȳsogonō quī ab eō partem praedae tulērunt?Can there be any doubt, then, that this plunder was offered to Chrysogonus by those who took a share of the plunder from him? Rosc. Am. 37.108Age nunc ex ipsīus Chrȳsogonī iūdiciō Rosciōrum factum cōnsīderēmus.Come now, let us consider what the Roscii did in the light of Chrysogonus' own judgement. Rosc. Am. 37.108sī nihil in istā pugnā Rosciī quod operae pretium esset fēcerant, quam ob causam ā Chrȳsogonō tantīs praemiīs dōnābantur?if in that fight the Roscii had done nothing worth the effort, why were they presented by Chrysogonus with such great rewards? Rosc. Am. 37.108sī nihil aliud fēcērunt nisi rem dētulērunt, nōnne satis fuit eīs grātiās agī, dēnique, ut perlīberāliter agerētur, honōris aliquid habērī?if they did nothing else but report the matter, was it not enough for thanks to be given them, or at most, to treat them very generously, for some honour to be paid them?

Rosc. Am. 37.108Cūr tria praedia tantae pecūniae statim Capitōnī dantur?Why are three estates of such value given at once to Capito? Rosc. Am. 37.108cūr quae reliqua sunt iste T. Roscius omnia cum Chrȳsogonō commūniter possidet?why does that Titus Roscius possess all the rest in common with Chrysogonus? Rosc. Am. 37.108Nōnne perspicuum est, iūdicēs, hās manubiās Rosciīs Chrȳsogonum rē cognitā concessisse?Is it not clear, gentlemen, that Chrysogonus, once he had learned the facts, granted these spoils to the Roscii?

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×5, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (148 words)

quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus	seek; ask, inquire
etiam, adv.	and now, also, too, even
nunc, adv.	now
quis, quid, interrog. pron.	who? which? what?
is, ea, id, dem. pron.	this, that; he, she, it, they
nūntius, -ī, m.	messenger; message
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus	send
nōnne, adv., introducing a question to which an affirmative answer is expected	not?
perspicuus, -a, -um	clear, transparent; evident, plain
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus	be
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.	the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.	who, which
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum	take care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
ut, conj.	as; when; that; ita ut, as
bonum, -ī n.	a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
vēneō, -īre, -iī	be sold (+ abl. of price)
statim, adv.	on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
nōn, adv.	not
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum	get to know (perf. nōvī: know)
homō, hominis, m.	man
aut, conj.	or; aut ... aut, either ... or
rēs, reī, f.	thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
at, conj.	but
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus	come
in, prep. with acc. and abl.	with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
mēns, mentis f.	mind, spirit
praedium, -ī n.	estate, farm
concupīscō, -cupīscere, -cupīvī, -cupītus	long for, covet
ignōtus, -a, -um	unknown
omnīnō, adv.	altogether, wholly, entirely
numquam, adv.	never
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus	see; pass., seem
soleō, -ēre, solitus sum	be accustomed, usually do
cum, conj.	when, while, after; since; although
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.	someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.	this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
modus, -ī, m.	way, manner
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus	hear; listen or attend to
iūdex, iūdicis, m.	judge
continuō (adv.)	at once, immediately
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus	say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
necesse, indecl. adj.	necessary
mūniceps, -cipis m.	citizen of a municipium, townsman
vīcīnus, -ī m.	neighbor
plērumque (adv.)	generally, mostly
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus	point out, reveal, give information; inform against
per, prep, with ace.	through, by means of
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraque	most, very many
prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum	hand down; betray
hīc, adv.	here; hereupon
nihil, n., indecl.	nothing
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.	suspicion
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātus	seize; fill
enim, conj.	for
ego, meī, pers. pron.	I
ita, adv.	in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
disputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus	discuss, argue
vērus, -a, -um	true; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
similis, -e	like, similar (vērī similis: likely)
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.	that of yours, that
ad, prep. with acc.	to, toward; at, near; for
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātus	bear or carry away or off
cum, prep, with abl.	with
iam, adv.	now, already
anteā, adv.	before
amīcitia, -ae f.	friendship, alliance
nam, conj.	for
multus, -a, -um	much, great; plur., many
vetus, veteris	old, former
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)	away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.	ancestors
patrōnus, -ī m.	patron, protector
hospes, hospitis m.	guest; host; guest-friend
que, enclitic conj.	and
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus	have, hold; consider
omnis, -e	all, every
colō, colere, coluī, cultus	till, cultivate; inhabit; worship
atque, ac (conj.)	and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
observō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum	watch; keep, respect
dēsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitus	set down; leave off, desist, cease, stop
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.	himself, herself, itself, themselves
fidēs, -eī f.	faith, trust; pledge
et, conj.	and; et ... et, both ... and
clientēla, -ae f.	clientship, protection; pl. dependants, clients
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātus	bring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
possum, posse, potuī	be able, have power, can
vērē (adv.)	truly, really
sed, conj.	but
causa, -ae, f.	cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
coniectūra, -ae f.	guess, inference
opus, operis, n.	work, task
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.	self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
certō, adv.	with certainty, for certain, certainly
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus	know
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus	say no or not, deny, refuse
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessum	come near, approach; be added
impulsus, -ūs m.	push; urging, instigation
suus, -a, -um	his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
sī, conj.	if
indicium, -ī n.	information, evidence; an informer's report
pars, partis, f.	part, side, direction
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus	take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
oculus, -ī, m.	eye
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētus	discern, perceive, make out
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus	doubt, hesitate
igitur, conj.	therefore
dō, dare, dedī, datus	give
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.	two
num, adv., introducing a question to which a negative answer is expected	untranslatable
quisnam, quaenam, quidnam, interrog. pron.	who, which, or what, pray? who? which? what?
praetereā, adv.	besides this, besides, moreover
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.	no one, nobody
ergō (adv.)	therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
dubius, -a, -um	doubtful, uncertain
quīn, conj.	so that ... not, but that, but
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātus	bear to, proffer, offer
praeda, -ae, f.	booty, spoil, plunder
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus	bear, bring
agō, agere, ēgī, āctus	drive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)	out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
iūdicium, -ī n.	trial, court; judgment
factum, -ī n.	deed, act
cōnsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus	look at closely, consider, think over
pugna, -ae, f.	fighting, battle, combat
opera, -ae, f.	effort, work, labor
pretium, -ī, n.	price, charge
faciō, facere, fēcī, factus	make, do; iter facere, see iter
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.	what?
ob, prep. with acc.	on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
tantus, -a, -um	so great or much
praemium, -ī, n.	reward
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum	give; present (someone with something)
alius, -a, -ud	another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
nisi, conj.	if not, unless
satis, adv.	enough, sufficiently
grātia, -ae, f.	favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
dēnique, adv.	lastly, finally
perlīberāliter (adv.)	very generously
honor, -ōris, m.	honor
cūr, adv.	why
trēs, tria, plur. adj.	three
pecūnia, -ae, f.	money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
reliquus, -a, -um	left, the remaining, the other, the rest of
commūniter (adv.)	jointly, together, in common
possideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessus	hold, possess
manubiae, -ārum f. pl.	a general's share of the booty; spoils
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus	find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessus	grant, yield

Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.