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Cicero · Pro Roscio Amerino

Pro Roscio 35

The night ride to Capito

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Rosc. Am. 35.1Etiamnē in tam perspicuīs rēbus argūmentātiō quaerenda aut coniectūra capienda est?In matters so clear, must argument still be sought or conjecture made? Rosc. Am. 35.1Nōnne vōbīs haec quae audīstis cernere oculīs vidēminī, iūdicēs?Do you not seem to yourselves, gentlemen, to behold with your eyes what you have heard? Rosc. Am. 35.1nōn illum miserum, ignārum cāsūs suī, redeuntem ā cēnā vidētis, nōn positās īnsidiās, nōn impetum repentīnum?do you not see that wretched man, unaware of his fate, returning from dinner, do you not see the ambush laid, the sudden attack? Rosc. Am. 35.1nōn versātur ante oculōs vōbīs in caede Glaucia?is not Glaucia moving before your eyes amid the slaughter? Rosc. Am. 35.1nōn adest iste T. Roscius?is not that Titus Roscius present? Rosc. Am. 35.1nōn suīs manibus in currū conlocat Automedontem illum, suī sceleris acerbissimī nefāriaeque victōriae nūntium?does he not with his own hands set in the chariot that Automedon of his, the messenger of his most cruel crime and wicked victory? Rosc. Am. 35.1nōn ōrat ut eam noctem pervigilet, ut honōris suī causā labōret, ut Capitōnī quam prīmum nūntiet?does he not beg him to stay awake all that night, to toil as a favour to him, to bring the news to Capito as soon as possible?

Rosc. Am. 35.99Quid erat quod Capitōnem prīmum scīre vellet?What reason was there why he wanted Capito to know first? Rosc. Am. 35.99Nesciō, nisi hoc videō, Capitōnem in hīs bonīs esse socium;I do not know, except that I see this: that Capito is a partner in this property; Rosc. Am. 35.99dē tribus et decem fundīs trīs nōbilissimōs fundōs eum videō possidēre.of the thirteen farms I see that he possesses the three finest. Rosc. Am. 35.100Audiō praetereā nōn hanc suspīciōnem nunc prīmum in Capitōnem cōnferrī;I hear besides that this is not the first time suspicion of this kind has been cast on Capito; Rosc. Am. 35.100multās esse īnfāmis eius palmās, hanc prīmam esse tamen lēmniscātam quae Rōmā eī dēferātur;that he has won many palms of infamy, but that this is the first beribboned one to be conferred on him from Rome; Rosc. Am. 35.100nūllum modum esse hominis occīdendī quō ille nōn aliquot occīderit, multōs ferrō, multōs venēnō.that there is no way of killing a man by which he has not killed several, many by the sword, many by poison. Rosc. Am. 35.100Habeō etiam dīcere quem contrā mōrem maiōrum minōrem annīs lx dē ponte in Tiberim dēiēcerit.I can even name a man whom, contrary to the custom of our ancestors, he threw from the bridge into the Tiber though he was not yet sixty.

Rosc. Am. 35.100Quae , sī prōdierit atque adeō cum prōdierit — sciō enim prōditūrum esse — audiet.These things, if he comes forward, or rather when he comes forward — for I know he will come forward — he shall hear. Rosc. Am. 35.100Veniat modo, explicet suum volūmen illud quod eī plānum facere possum Erucium cōnscrīpsisse;Only let him come, let him unroll that scroll of his which I can prove to him that Erucius composed; Rosc. Am. 35.101quod aiunt illum Sex. Rosciō intentāsse et minitātum esse sē omnia illa prō testimōniō esse dictūrum.the scroll which they say he brandished at Sextus Roscius, threatening that he would state it all in his evidence. Rosc. Am. 35.101Ō praeclārum testem, iūdicēs!O splendid witness, gentlemen! Rosc. Am. 35.101ō gravitātem dignam exspectātiōne!O dignity worthy of the expectation! Rosc. Am. 35.101ō vītam honestam atque eius modī ut libentibus animīs ad eius testimōnium vestrum iūs iūrandum accommodētis!O honourable life, and of such a kind that you would gladly fit your oath to his testimony! Rosc. Am. 35.101Profectō nōn tam perspicuē nōs istōrum maleficia vidērēmus, nisi ipsōs caecōs redderet cupiditās et avāritia et audācia.Surely we should not see the crimes of these men so clearly, unless greed and avarice and audacity made them blind.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×4, indirect statement ×5, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (147 words)
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
tam, adv.so
perspicuus, -a, -umclear, transparent; evident, plain
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
argūmentātiō, -ōnis f.line of argument, reasoning
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
coniectūra, -ae f.guess, inference
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nōnne, adv., introducing a question to which an affirmative answer is expectednot?
vōsplur. of tū
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
oculus, -ī, m.eye
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
nōn, adv.not
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
cēna, -ae, f.dinner
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
repentīnus, -a, -umsudden
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
manus, -ūs, f.hand
currus, -ūs, m.chariot, car
collocō (conlocō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumplace, station; give in marriage
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
acerbus, -a, -umbitter, harsh, painful
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
que, enclitic conj.and
victōria, -ae, f.victory
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nox, noctis, f.night
pervigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstay awake all night, keep watch
honor, -ōris, m.honor
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
quod, conj.that, in that, because
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
volō, velle, voluīwish
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
nisi, conj.if not, unless
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
decem, indecl. adj.ten
fundus, -ī m.bottom, depths
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
possideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessushold, possess
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
nunc, adv.now
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
īnfāmis, -eof ill repute, notorious
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
lēmniscātus, -a, -umdecorated with ribbons (of a victor's palm)
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
homō, hominis, m.man
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
aliquot (indecl.)several, some
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
annus, -ī, m.year
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
pōns, pontis, m.bridge
dēiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow down, cast, drive out of one's course
sī, conj.if
prōdeō, -īre, prōdiī, prōditumgo forward, come out
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
enim, conj.for
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
modo, adv.only
explicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusunfold, spread out; set out, explain
volūmen, -inis n.roll (of writing), book
plānus, -a, -umflat, level
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
intentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusaim at, threaten (something at someone)
minitor, -ārī, -ātusthreaten
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
omnis, -eall, every
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
testimōnium, -ī n.evidence, proof
ō (interj.)O! oh!
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
testis, -is m./f.witness
gravitās, -ātis f.weight, heaviness; dignity, seriousness
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
exspectātiō, -ōnis f.waiting, expectation
vīta, -ae, f.life
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
libēns (lubēns), -entiswilling, glad; (as adv.) gladly
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
vester, -tra, -trumyour
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
accommodō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfit, adjust, put on
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
perspicuē (adv.)clearly, evidently
nōsplur. of ego
maleficium, -ī n.harm, wrongdoing
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
caecus, -a, -umblind
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
avāritia, -ae f.greed
audācia, -ae, f.boldness, audacity
Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.