LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Cicero › Pro Murena (For Murena) › Pro Murena 35

Cicero · Pro Murena

Pro Murena 35

Cato's Stoic objection to dinners

English onlyRead it word by word

Mur. 35.1Praefectum fabrum semel locum tribūlibus suīs dedisse, quid statuent in virōs prīmāriōs quī in circō tōtās tabernās tribūlium causā comparārunt?That a chief of engineers once gave a place to his fellow tribesmen — what will they decide against leading men who have acquired whole booths in the circus for the sake of their fellow tribesmen? Mur. 35.1Haec omnia sectātōrum, spectāculōrum, prandiōrum item crīmina ā multitūdine in tuam nimiam dīligentiam, Servī, coniecta sunt, in quibus tamen Mūrēna ab senātūs auctōritāte dēfenditur.All these charges about followers, shows and lunches alike were cast by the crowd upon your excessive diligence, Servius, and yet on these points Murena is defended by the authority of the senate. Mur. 35.1Quid enim?What then? Mur. 35.1senātus num obviam prōdīre crīmen putat?does the senate think it a crime to go out to meet a candidate? Mur. 35.1Nōn, sed mercēde.No, but to do it for pay. Mur. 35.1Convince.Prove it. Mur. 35.1Num sectārī multōs?Does it think it a crime that many follow him? Mur. 35.1Nōn, sed conductōs.No, but hired men. Mur. 35.1Docē.Show it.

Mur. 35.1Num locum ad spectandum dare aut ad prandium invītāre?Does it think it a crime to give a place at a show or to invite to lunch? Mur. 35.1Minimē, sed volgō, passim.Not at all, but doing it generally, indiscriminately. Mur. 35.1Quid est volgō?What does 'generally' mean? Mur. 35.1Vniversōs.To everyone. Mur. 35.1Nōn igitur, sī Natta, summō locō adulēscēns, quī et quō animō iam sit et quālis vir futūrus sit vidēmus, in equitum centuriīs voluit esse et ad hoc officium necessitūdinis et ad reliquum tempus grātiōsus, id erit eius vītricō fraudī aut crīminī, nec, sī virgō Vestālis, huius propinqua et necessāria, locum suum gladiātōrium concessit huic, nōn et illa piē fēcit et hic ā culpā est remōtus.Therefore if Natta, a young man of the highest rank, whose present spirit and future character as a man we can see, wished to be influential in the centuries of knights, both for this duty of kinship and for the time to come, that will not be a cause of harm or a charge against his stepfather; nor, if a Vestal Virgin, his relative and close connection, gave up her place at the gladiatorial games to him, did she act otherwise than dutifully, or is he anything but free from blame.

Mur. 35.1Omnia haec sunt officia necessāriōrum, commoda tenuiōrum, mūnia candidātōrum.All these are the services of close friends, the advantages of the poor, the duties of candidates. Mur. 35.74At enim agit mēcum austērē et Stōicē Catō, negat vērum esse adlicī benivolentiam cibō, negat iūdicium hominum in magistrātibus mandandīs corrumpī voluptātibus oportēre.But Cato deals with me sternly and in Stoic fashion; he denies that it is right for goodwill to be enticed by food, he denies that men's judgement in entrusting magistracies ought to be corrupted by pleasures. Mur. 35.74Ergō, ad cēnam petītiōnis causā sī quis vocat, condemnētur?So if anyone invites someone to dinner for the sake of his candidacy, is he to be condemned? Mur. 35.74"Quippe" inquit "tū mihi summum imperium, tū summam auctōritātem, tū gubernācula reī pūblicae petās fovendīs hominum sēnsibus et dēlēniendīs animīs et adhibendīs voluptātibus?'Indeed,' he says, 'would you seek supreme power, supreme authority, the helm of the state, by pampering men's senses, soothing their minds and plying them with pleasures? Mur. 35.74Vtrum lēnōcinium" inquit "ā grege dēlicātae iuventūtis, an orbis terrārum imperium ā populō Rōmānō petēbās?"Were you seeking,' he says, 'a pander's trade from a flock of pampered youths, or the empire of the world from the Roman people?' Mur. 35.74Horribilis ōrātiō;A dreadful speech; Mur. 35.74sed eam ūsus, vīta, mōrēs, cīvitās ipsa respuit.but practice, life, custom, the state itself rejects it.

Mur. 35.74Neque tamen Lacedaemoniī, auctōrēs istīus vītae atque ōrātiōnis, quī cōtīdiānīs epulīs in rōbore accumbunt, neque vērō Crētēs quōrum nēmō gustāvit umquam cubāns, melius quam Rōmānī hominēs quī tempora voluptātis labōrisque dispertiunt rēs pūblicās suās retinuērunt;And yet neither the Spartans, the originators of that way of life and speech, who recline at their daily meals on hard oak, nor indeed the Cretans, none of whom has ever eaten lying down, preserved their states better than the Romans, who divide their time between pleasure and toil; Mur. 35.74quōrum alterī ūnō adventū nostrī exercitūs dēlētī sunt, alterī nostrī imperī praesidiō disciplīnam suam lēgēsque cōnservant.of whom the latter were destroyed by a single arrival of our army, while the former preserve their discipline and laws through the protection of our empire.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (174 words)
praefectus, -ī m.commander, officer
faber, fabrī, m.smith
semel (adv.)once (semel atque iterum: again and again)
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
tribūlis, -is m.fellow tribesman, member of the same tribe
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vir, virī, m.man
prīmārius, -a, -umof the first rank, leading, distinguished
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
circus, -ī m.circle; racecourse, circus (Circus Maximus)
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
taberna, -ae f.hut; shop, stall
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
omnis, -eall, every
sector, -ārī, -ātus sumkeep following, chase after
spectāculum, -ī n.sight, spectacle, show
prandium, -ī n.late breakfast, lunch, midday meal
itemlikewise, also
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
nimius, -a, -umexcessive, too great
dīligentia, -ae, f.care, diligence, industry
coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow together; throw, cast, hurl
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
senātus, -ūs m.senate
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
enim, conj.for
num, adv., introducing a question to which a negative answer is expecteduntranslatable
obviam, adv.in the way, opposite, face to face; obviam fierī, to meet; obviam īre, to go to meet
prōdeō, -īre, prōdiī, prōditumgo forward, come out
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
nōn, adv.not
sed, conj.but
mercēs, mercēdis, f.pay, reward, wages
convincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victumprove guilty, expose
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
condūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumbring together, assemble
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
invītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusinvite
minimē, adv.least, very little; by no means, not at all
vulgō (adv.)everywhere, commonly
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
igitur, conj.therefore
sī, conj.if
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
iam, adv.now, already
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
centuria, -ae f.century, a division of a hundred (of men, of cavalry)
volō, velle, voluīwish
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
necessitūdō, -inis f.close tie, relationship
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
grātiōsus, -a, -umpopular, influential; obliging, done as a favour
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
vītricus, -ī m.stepfather
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
Vestālis, -eof Vesta; virgō Vestālis, a Vestal Virgin (priestess of Vesta)
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
gladiātōrius, -a, -umof gladiators; lūdus gladiātōrius: gladiator school
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
piē (adv.)dutifully, piously
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
remōtus, -a, -umremote, far off, secluded
commodum, -ī n.advantage, interest
tenuis, -ethin
mūnia, -ium n. pl.duties, official functions
candidātus, -ī m.candidate for office
at, conj.but
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
austērē (adv.)severely, sternly
Stōicē (adv.)like a Stoic
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
alliciō, -ere, -lexī, -lectusattract, entice, win over
benevolentia (benivolentia), -ae f.goodwill, kindness, favour
cibus, -ī, m.food
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
homō, hominis, m.man
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
mandō, -dāre, -dāvī, -dātusput in hand, intrust, commit; charge, command
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
cēna, -ae, f.dinner
petītiō, -ōnis f.thrust, attack; candidacy
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
condemnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscondemn; (+ gen.) convict of
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
gubernāculum (gubernāclum), -ī n.rudder, helm
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
foveō, -ēre, fōvī, fōtuskeep warm; cherish, favour
sēnsus, -ūs m.feeling, sensation; perception; sentiment
dēlēniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussoothe, win over, charm
adhibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold to, employ, show
utrum (conj.)whether (utrum … an: whether … or)
lēnōcinium, -ī n.pandering, procuring; allurement; showy ornament
grex, gregis m.flock, herd; band, gang
dēlicātus, -a, -umdainty, pampered, effeminate
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
an, conj.or (in questions)
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
horribilis, -edreadful, terrible, horrible
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
ūsus, -ūs, m.use; experience
vīta, -ae, f.life
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
respuō, -ere, respuīreject
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
cottīdiānus, -a, -umdaily
epulae, -ārum f. pl.feast, banquet
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
accumbō, -cumbere, -cubuī, -cubituslie down (at table)
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
gustō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustaste
umquam, adv.ever
cubō, -āre, -uīlie down, lie, recline
bene, adv.well; successfully
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
que, enclitic conj.and
dispertiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusdivide up, distribute
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
noster, -tra, -trumour
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
dēleō, -ēre, dēlēvī, dēlētumdestroy, wipe out
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
disciplīna, -ae f.training, discipline
lēx, lēgis f.law
cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātuspreserve, keep
Cicero, Pro Murena. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.