LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Cicero › Pro Milone (For Milo) › Pro Milone 5

Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 5

What the senate really decided

English onlyRead it word by word

Mil. 5.1Sequitur illud quod ā Milōnis inimīcīs saepissimē dīcitur, caedem in quā P. Clōdius occīsus esset senātum iūdicāsse contrā rem pūblicam esse factam.Next comes the claim which Milo's enemies make most often, that the senate judged that the killing in which Publius Clodius was slain was done against the interest of the state. Mil. 5.1Illam vērō senātus nōn sententiīs suīs sōlum sed etiam studiīs comprobāvit.But the senate approved that deed not only with its votes but also with its sympathies. Mil. 5.1Quotiēns enim est illa causa ā nōbīs ācta in senātū, quibus adsēnsiōnibus ūniversī ōrdinis, quam nec tacitīs nec occultīs!For how often was that case pleaded by me in the senate, and with what assent from the whole order, and how far from silent or hidden! Mil. 5.1Quandō enim frequentissimō senātū quattuor aut summum quīnque sunt inventī quī Milōnis causam nōn probārent?For when, in the fullest senate, were four or at most five found who did not approve of Milo's cause? Mil. 5.1Dēclārant huius ambustī tribūnī plēbis illae intermortuae contiōnēs quibus cōtīdiē meam potentiam invidiōsē crīminābātur, cum dīceret senātum nōn quod sentīret sed quod ego vellem dēcernere.This is shown by those half-dead harangues of this scorched tribune of the plebs, in which he daily attacked my power with malice, saying that the senate decreed not what it thought but what I wished.

Mil. 5.1Quae quidem sī potentia est appellanda potius quam propter magna in rem pūblicam merita mediocris in bonīs causīs auctōritās aut propter hōs officiōsōs labōrēs meōs nōn nūlla apud bonōs grātia, appellētur ita sānē, dum modo eā nōs ūtāmur prō salūte bonōrum contrā āmentiam perditōrum.If indeed this is to be called power, rather than a moderate influence in good causes because of great services to the state, or some favour among good men because of these dutiful labours of mine, then let it be so called by all means, provided that we use it for the safety of the good against the madness of the abandoned. Mil. 5.13Hanc vērō quaestiōnem, etsī nōn est inīqua, numquam tamen senātus cōnstituendam putāvit;But this inquiry, although it is not unfair, the senate nevertheless never thought should be set up; Mil. 5.13erant enim lēgēs, erant quaestiōnēs vel dē caede vel dē vī, nec tantum maerōrem ac lūctum senātuī mors P. Clōdī adferēbat ut nova quaestiō cōnstituerētur.for there were laws, there were courts, whether for murder or for violence, nor did the death of Publius Clodius bring the senate such grief and mourning that a new court should be set up.

Mil. 5.13Cuius enim dē illō incestō stuprō iūdicium dēcernendī senātuī potestās esset ērepta, dē eius interitū quis potest crēdere senātum iūdicium novum cōnstituendum putāsse?For when the senate had been robbed of the power of decreeing a trial for his incestuous adultery, who can believe that it thought a new trial should be set up concerning his death? Mil. 5.13Cūr igitur incendium cūriae, oppugnātiōnem aedium M. Lepidī, caedem hanc ipsam contrā rem pūblicam senātus factam esse dēcrēvit?Why then did the senate decree that the burning of the senate house, the storming of the house of Marcus Lepidus, and this very killing were done against the state? Mil. 5.13Quia nūlla vīs umquam est in līberā cīvitāte suscepta inter cīvīs nōn contrā rem pūblicam— nōn enim est ūlla dēfēnsiō contrā vim umquam optanda, sed nōn numquam est necessāria,—nisi vērō aut ille diēs quō Ti. Gracchus est caesus, aut ille quō Gāius, aut arma Sāturnīnī nōn, etiam sī ē rē pūblicā oppressa sunt, rem pūblicam tamen volnerārunt.Because no violence has ever been undertaken among citizens in a free state that was not against the state — for no defence against violence is ever to be wished for, though it is sometimes necessary — unless indeed the day on which Tiberius Gracchus was slain, or that on which Gaius was, or the armed rising of Saturninus, even if they were put down in the interest of the state, did not nevertheless wound the state.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (142 words)
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
saepe, adv.often, frequently
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
senātus, -ūs m.senate
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
nōn, adv.not
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
sed, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
comprobō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusapprove; confirm, prove right
quotiēns (adv.)how many times; as often as
enim, conj.for
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
nōsplur. of ego
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
assēnsiō (adsēnsiō), -ōnis f.agreement, approval, applause
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
occultus, -a, -umhidden, secret
quandō (adv.)when; (after sī) ever
frequēns, -entiscrowded, in great numbers; frequent
quattuor, indecl. adj.four
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
summum (adv.)at most, at the very most
quīnquefive
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
dēclārō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummake clear, declare
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ambūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustusscorch, burn round about
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
intermortuus, -a, -umhalf-dead, lifeless
cōntiō, -ōnis f.assembly, meeting; speech to an assembly
cottīdiē, adv.daily, every day
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
potentia, -ae f.power, influence
invidiōsē (adv.)so as to stir up ill will, spitefully
crīminor, -ārī, -ātus sumaccuse, denounce, make charges against
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
volō, velle, voluīwish
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
sī, conj.if
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
potius (adv.)rather
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
mediocris, -emoderate, ordinary
bonus, -a, -umgood
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
officiōsus, -a, -umdutiful, obliging, ready to do a service (in + acc.: towards)
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
sānē, adv.certainly, by all means; very
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
modo, adv.only
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
āmentia, -ae, f.madness
perditus, -a, -umabandoned, desperate
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
etsī, conj.even if, although
inīquus, -a, -umuneven; unfair
numquam, adv.never
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
lēx, lēgis f.law
velor; vel … vel: either … or
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
maeror, -ōris m.grief, sorrow
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
mors, mortīs, f.death
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
incestus, -a, -umimpure, unclean (ritually); adv. incestē
stuprum, -ī n.debauchery, sexual crime
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
interitus, -ūs m.destruction, death
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
cūr, adv.why
igitur, conj.therefore
incendium, -ī n.fire, burning
cūria, -ae f.senate house
oppugnātiō, -ōnis f.siege, assault on a town
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
quia (conj.)because
umquam, adv.ever
līber, lībera, līberumfree
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
ūllus, -a, -umany
dēfēnsiō, -ōnis f.defence
optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswish for, desire; pray for
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
nisi, conj.if not, unless
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
opprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress against, overpower, crush
vulnerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswound
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.