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Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 35

Milo's steadfastness and hope of glory

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Mil. 35.1Nec vērō haec, iūdicēs, ut ego nunc, flēns, sed hōc eōdem loquitur voltū quō vidētis.Nor indeed does he say these things, judges, weeping, as I do now, but with this same face that you see. Mil. 35.1Negat enim sē, negat ingrātīs cīvibus fēcisse quae fēcerit, timidīs et omnia perīcula circumspicientibus nōn negat.For he denies, he denies that he did what he did for ungrateful citizens; that he did it for timid ones, who look round at every danger, he does not deny. Mil. 35.1Plēbem et īnfimam multitūdinem, quae P. Clōdiō duce fortūnīs vestrīs imminēbat, eam quō tūtior esset vestra vīta suam sē fēcisse commemorat, ut nōn modo virtūte flecteret sed etiam tribus suīs patrimōniīs dēlēnīret, nec timet nē, cum plēbem mūneribus plācārit, vōs nōn conciliārit meritīs in rem pūblicam singulāribus.The common people and the lowest mob, who under the leadership of Publius Clodius were threatening your fortunes, he reminds you he made his own so that your lives might be safer, so as not only to sway them by his courage but also to soothe them with his three inheritances; nor does he fear that, while he has appeased the common people with his gifts, he has not won you over by his singular services to the state.

Mil. 35.1Senātūs ergā sē benevolentiam temporibus hīs ipsīs saepe esse perspectam, vestrās vērō et vestrōrum ōrdinum occursātiōnēs, studia, sermōnēs, quemcumque cursum fortūna cēperit, sēcum sē ablātūrum esse dīcit.He says that the senate's goodwill towards him has often been seen at these very times, and that your demonstrations, enthusiasm and words, and those of your orders, he will take away with him, whatever course fortune takes. Mil. 35.96Meminit etiam vōcem sibi praecōnis modo dēfuisse, quam minimē dēsīderārit, populī vērō cūnctīs suffrāgiīs, quod ūnum cupierit, sē cōnsulem dēclārātum;He also recalls that he lacked only the herald's voice, which he least wanted, but that he was declared consul by all the votes of the people, which was the one thing he desired; Mil. 35.96nunc dēnique, sī haec arma contrā sē sint futūra, sibi facinoris suspīciōnem, nōn factī crīmen obstāre.and that now, finally, if these arms are to be turned against him, what stands in his way is the suspicion of a crime, not a charge based on fact. Mil. 35.96Addit haec, quae certē vēra sunt, fortīs et sapientīs virōs nōn tam praemia sequī solēre rēctē factōrum quam ipsa rēctē facta;He adds these points, which are certainly true: that brave and wise men are wont to pursue not so much the rewards of right actions as the right actions themselves; Mil. 35.96sē nihil in vītā nisi praeclārissimē fēcisse, sī quidem nihil sit praestābilius virō quam perīculīs patriam līberāre.that he has done nothing in his life except most gloriously, if indeed nothing is more excellent for a man than to free his country from dangers.

Mil. 35.97Beātōs esse quibus ea rēs honōrī fuerit ā suīs cīvibus, nec tamen eōs miserōs quī beneficiō cīvīs suōs vīcerint.Happy, he says, are those for whom such a deed has brought honour from their fellow citizens, yet those are not wretched who have outdone their fellow citizens in kindness. Mil. 35.97Sed tamen ex omnibus praemiīs virtūtis, sī esset habenda ratiō praemiōrum, amplissimum esse praemium glōriam;But still, of all the rewards of virtue, if rewards were to be taken into account, the most splendid reward is glory; Mil. 35.97esse hanc ūnam quae brevitātem vītae posteritātis memoriā cōnsōlārētur, quae efficeret ut absentēs adessēmus, mortuī vīverēmus;this alone consoles the brevity of life with the memory of posterity, makes us present when absent and alive when dead; Mil. 35.97hanc dēnique esse cuius gradibus etiam in caelum hominēs vidērentur ascendere.this, finally, is the one by whose steps men seem to climb even to heaven. Mil. 35.98"Dē mē" inquit "semper populus Rōmānus, semper omnēs gentēs loquentur, nūlla umquam obmūtēscet vetustās.'Of me,' he says, 'the Roman people will always speak, all nations will always speak; no length of years will ever fall silent.

Mil. 35.98Quīn hōc tempore ipsō, cum omnēs ā meīs inimīcīs facēs invidiae meae subiciantur, tamen omnī in hominum coetū grātiīs agendīs et grātulātiōnibus habendīs et omnī sermōne celebrāmur.Why, at this very time, when all the firebrands of odium against me are being kindled by my enemies, still in every gathering of men I am celebrated with thanks given and congratulations offered and in all talk. Mil. 35.98Omittō Etrūriae fēstōs et āctōs et īnstitūtōs diēs.I pass over the festal days in Etruria, both kept and instituted. Mil. 35.98Centēsima lūx est haec ab interitū P. Clōdī et, opīnor, altera.This is the hundredth day since the death of Publius Clodius, and, I think, one more. Mil. 35.98Quā fīnēs imperī populī Rōmānī sunt, eā nōn sōlum fāma iam dē illō sed etiam laetitia peragrāvit.Wherever the borders of the empire of the Roman people reach, there not only the report of it but also the joy has already travelled. Mil. 35.98Quam ob rem ubi corpus hoc sit nōn" inquit "labōrō, quoniam omnibus in terrīs et iam versātur et semper hīc habitābit nōminis meī glōria."Therefore where this body of mine may be, I am not,' he says, 'concerned, since the glory of my name already moves in every land and will always dwell here.'

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×5, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (189 words)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
nunc, adv.now
fleō, -ēre, flēvī, flētumweep
sed, conj.but
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
enim, conj.for
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ingrātus, -a, -umunwelcome, unpleasant; ungrateful
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
timidus, -a, -umfearful, timid
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
omnis, -eall, every
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
circumspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectuslook around; look around for, consider
nōn, adv.not
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
īnfimus, -a, -umlowest (īnfimus collis: the foot of the hill)
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
vester, -tra, -trumyour
immineō, -ērehang over; threaten, be close at hand
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
vīta, -ae, f.life
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
commemorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummention, recount
modo, adv.only
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
patrimōnium, -ī n.inheritance, family estate
dēlēniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussoothe, win over, charm
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
plācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscalm, appease
vōsplur. of tū
conciliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwin over; win, obtain
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
singulāris, -esingle; remarkable
senātus, -ūs m.senate
ergā, prep, with acc.toward, for
benevolentia, -ae f.goodwill, kindness
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
saepe, adv.often, frequently
perspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumsee clearly, observe
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
occursātiō, -ōnis f.running to meet, eager greeting
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
meminī, meminisseremember
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
praecō, -ōnis m.herald, crier
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
minimē, adv.least, very little; by no means, not at all
dēsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslong for, miss; require
populus, -ī m.people, nation
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
suffrāgium, -ī n.vote
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
dēclārō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummake clear, declare
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
sī, conj.if
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
factum, -ī n.deed, act
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
fortis, -ebrave
sapiēns, -entiswise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher
vir, virī, m.man
tam, adv.so
praemium, -ī, n.reward
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
rēctē (adv.)rightly, properly; safely
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
nisi, conj.if not, unless
praeclārē, adv.splendidly, brilliantly, very well
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
praestābilis, -eoutstanding, excellent; preferable
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
beātus, -a, -umhappy, blessed
honor, -ōris, m.honor
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
glōria, -ae, f.glory
brevitās, -ātis f.shortness
posteritās, -ātis f.the future; later generations, posterity
memoria, -ae, f.memory
cōnsōlor, -ārī, -ātus sumcomfort, console
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
absēns, -entisabsent, away
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
mortuus, -a, -umdead
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
gradus, -ūs m.step, stage; rank
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
homō, hominis, m.man
ascendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb to, ascend, mount
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
semper, adv.always
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
umquam, adv.ever
obmūtēscō, -ere, -mūtuībecome silent, be silent
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
subiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow or place under
coetus, -ūs m.meeting, gathering, assembly
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
grātulātiō, -ōnis f.rejoicing, congratulation
celebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthrong; keep (a festival), celebrate
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
fēstus, -a, -umof a holiday, festive; diēs fēstus, feast day
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
centēsimus, -a, -umhundredth
lūx, lūcis, f.light
interitus, -ūs m.destruction, death
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
quā, adv.in which place, where
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
iam, adv.now, already
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
peragrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustravel through, roam over
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
corpus, corporis, n.body
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
quoniam, conj.since now, since
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdwell, inhabit
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.