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In Catilinam 2.6

Driven into exile?

Cicero, In Catilinam II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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2.12At etiam sunt quī dīcant, Quirītēs, ā mē ēiectum esse Catilīnam.

But there are some, citizens, who say that Catiline was driven out by me.

2.12Quod ego sī verbō adsequī possem, istōs ipsōs ēicerem quī haec loquuntur.

If I could achieve that with a word, I would drive out the very men who say so.

Note. Quod: 'this', a connecting relative referring to driving Catiline out. Cicero turns the charge around: if words could expel men, he would expel his critics.

2.12Homō enim vidēlicet timidus aut etiam permodestus vōcem cōnsulis ferre nōn potuit;

For the man, of course, being timid or even exceedingly shy, could not bear the voice of the consul;

Note. videlicet is ironic: 'of course he was a timid, shy man'. Cicero mocks the idea that Catiline obeyed meekly.

2.12simul atque īre in exsilium iussus est, pāruit.

as soon as he was ordered to go into exile, he obeyed.

2.12Quīn hesternō diē, cum domī meae paene interfectus essem, senātum in aedem Iovis Statōris convocāvī, rem omnem ad patrēs cōnscrīptōs dētulī.

Why, yesterday, after I had almost been murdered in my own home, I called the senate to the temple of Jupiter Stator and laid the whole matter before the senators.

Note. The senate met on 8 November in the temple of Jupiter Stator, 'the Stayer', near the Palatine, a place that could be guarded easily. domī meae ... interfectus essem: the conspirators had tried to kill Cicero at his morning reception on 7 November. patrēs cōnscrīptī is the formal title of the senators.

2.12Quō cum Catilīna vēnisset, quis eum senātor appellāvit, quis salūtāvit, quis dēnique ita aspexit ut perditum cīvem ac nōn potius ut importūnissimum hostem?

When Catiline came there, what senator spoke to him, who greeted him, who even looked at him as at a ruined citizen and not rather as a most savage enemy?

2.12Quīn etiam prīncipēs eius ōrdinis partem illam subselliōrum ad quam ille accesserat nūdam atque inānem relīquērunt.

Why, even the leading men of that order left the part of the benches he had approached bare and empty.

Note. subselliōrum: the senators' benches. The senior consulars moved away from where Catiline sat, leaving him alone.

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2.13Hīc ego vehemēns ille cōnsul quī verbō cīvīs in exsilium ēiciō quaesīvī ā Catilīnā in nocturnō conventū ad M. Laecam fuisset necne.

At this point I, that violent consul who drive citizens into exile with a word, asked Catiline whether he had been at the night meeting at the house of Marcus Laeca or not.

Note. vehemēns ille cōnsul: ironic, quoting the charge against himself. M. Porcius Laeca hosted the conspirators' night meeting on 6 November. necne: 'or not', in an indirect question.

2.13Cum ille homō audācissimus cōnscientiā convictus prīmō reticuisset, patefēcī cētera: quid eā nocte ēgisset, ubi fuisset, quid in proximam cōnstituisset, quem ad modum esset eī ratiō tōtīus bellī dēscrīpta ēdocuī.

When that most reckless man, convicted by his own conscience, at first said nothing, I revealed the rest: I set out what he had done that night, where he had been, what he had decided for the following night, how the plan of the whole war had been laid out for him.

Note. quid ... ēgisset, ubi fuisset, quid ... cōnstituisset, quem ad modum ... dēscrīpta esset: four indirect questions, so all subjunctive. quem ad modum: 'how'.

2.13Cum haesitāret, cum tenērētur, quaesīvī quid dubitāret proficīscī eō quō iam prīdem parāret, cum arma, cum secūrīs, cum fascīs, cum tubās, cum signa mīlitāria, cum aquilam illam argenteam cui ille etiam sacrārium domī suae fēcerat scīrem esse praemissam.

When he hesitated, when he was caught, I asked why he hesitated to set out for the place he had long been preparing to go to, since I knew that arms, axes, rods, trumpets, military standards, and that silver eagle for which he had even made a shrine in his home had been sent on ahead.

Note. The fascēs and secūrēs were the rods and axes of a magistrate's authority; taking them showed Catiline meant to claim power. The silver eagle was said to have been one of Marius' legionary standards, which Catiline kept in a shrine.

2.14In exsilium ēiciēbam quem iam ingressum esse in bellum vīderam?

Was I driving into exile a man whom I had seen already entering upon war?

2.14Etenim, crēdō, Mānlius iste centuriō quī in agrō Faesulānō castra posuit bellum populō Rōmānō suō nōmine indīxit, et illa castra nunc nōn Catilīnam ducem exspectant, et ille ēiectus in exsilium sē Massiliam, ut aiunt, nōn in haec castra cōnfert.

No doubt, I suppose, that centurion Manlius who pitched camp in the district of Faesulae declared war on the Roman people in his own name, and that camp is not now waiting for Catiline as its general, and he, driven into exile, is making for Massilia, as they say, and not for that camp.

Note. Heavy irony: crēdō, 'I suppose', signals that Cicero means the opposite. Manlius was the ex-centurion commanding the rebel camp at Faesulae.

Vocabulary

at, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ēiciō, -ere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow out; sē ēicere: rush out
sī, conj.if
verbum, -ī, n.word
assequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumovertake; attain, accomplish
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
homō, hominis, m.man
enim, conj.for
vidēlicet (adv.)clearly, evidently; (ironic) of course
timidus, -a, -umfearful, timid
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
permodestus, -a, -umvery modest, very shy
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
nōn, adv.not
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
exsilium, -ī, n.exile
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
hesternus, -a, -umof yesterday, yesterday's,
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
paene, adv.almost, nearly
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
senātus, -ūs m.senate
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
convocō, -vocāre, -vocāvī, -vocātuscall together, summon, assemble
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
omnis, -eall, every
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
pater, patris, m.father
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
salūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgreet; pay a morning call on
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
perditus, -a, -umabandoned, desperate
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
potius (adv.)rather
importūnus, -a, -umruthless, savage, troublesome
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
subsellium, -ī n.bench, seat (in the senate or courts)
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
nūdus, -a, -umnaked, bare
inānis, -eempty
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
vehemēns, -entisviolent, forceful, severe
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
nocturnus, -a, -umof night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time
conventus, -ūs m.meeting, assembly
necne (conj.)or not
audāx, -ācisbold, daring, reckless
cōnscientia, -ae f.awareness; consciousness of guilt, guilty conscience
convincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victumprove guilty, expose
prīmō, adv.at first
reticeō, -ēre, -uīkeep silent, say nothing
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusthrow, or lay open, open
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
nox, noctis, f.night
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
bellum, -ī, n.war
dēscrībō, -scrībere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuswrite out; mark out, arrange, plan
ēdoceō, -ēre, -docuī, -doctuminform thoroughly, explain
haesitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushesitate
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
iam, adv.now, already
prīdem (adv.)long ago; iam prīdem: long since
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
secūris, -is f.axe (the axes in the fasces, sign of Roman power)
fascis, -is m.bundle; pl. fascēs: the rods and axe carried before a magistrate
tuba, -ae f.trumpet
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
aquila, -ae f.eagle; the eagle standard of a legion
argenteus, -a, -umof silver, silver
sacrārium, -ī n.shrine
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
ager, agri, m.field, land
Faesulānus, -a, -umof Faesulae (modern Fiesole), the Etruscan town where Manlius camped
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
indīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumproclaim, call (a meeting)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nunc, adv.now
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
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Cicero, In Catilinam II. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.