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Cicero · De Amicitia

De Amicitia 7

The power of friendship and concord

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Amic. 7.1Cumque plūrimās et maximās commoditātēs amīcitia contineat, tum illa nīmīrum praestat omnibus, quod bonam spem praelūcet in posterum, nec dēbilitārī animōs aut cadere patitur.And while friendship contains very many and very great advantages, it surely surpasses all in this, that it shines a good hope ahead into the future and does not allow spirits to be weakened or to fall. Amic. 7.1Vērum etiam amīcum quī intuētur, tamquam exemplar aliquod intuētur suī.Moreover, he who looks upon a true friend looks, as it were, upon a kind of image of himself. Amic. 7.1Quōcircā et absentēs adsunt et egentēs abundant et imbēcillī valent et, quod difficilius dictū est, mortuī vīvunt;Therefore the absent are present, the needy have plenty, the weak are strong, and, what is harder to say, the dead live; Amic. 7.1tantus eōs honōs memoria dēsīderium prōsequitur amīcōrum, ex quō illōrum beāta mors vidētur, hōrum vīta laudābilis.so great is the honour, the remembrance, the longing of their friends that attends them, from which the death of the one seems blessed and the life of the other praiseworthy. Amic. 7.1Quod sī exēmeris ex rērum nātūrā benevolentiae coniūnctiōnem, nec domus ūlla nec urbs stāre poterit, nē agrī quidem cultus permanēbit.But if you were to take the bond of goodwill out of the nature of things, no house or city could stand, and not even the tilling of the fields would continue.

Amic. 7.1Id sī minus intellegitur, quanta vīs amīcitiae concordiaeque sit, ex dissēnsiōnibus atque discordiīs percipī potest.If that is not clearly understood, how great the power of friendship and concord is can be perceived from dissensions and discords. Amic. 7.1Quae enim domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma cīvitās est, quae nōn odiīs et discidiīs funditus possit ēvertī?For what house is so stable, what state so firm, that it could not be utterly overthrown by hatreds and divisions? Amic. 7.1Ex quō, quantum bonī sit in amīcitiā, iūdicārī potest.From this one can judge how much good there is in friendship. Amic. 7.24Agrigentīnum quidem doctum quendam virum carminibus Graecīs vāticinātum ferunt, quae in rērum nātūrā tōtōque mundō cōnstārent quaeque movērentur, ea contrahere amīcitiam, dissipāre discordiam.They say indeed that a certain learned man of Agrigentum prophesied in Greek verses that whatever in the nature of things and in the whole universe stands fast and whatever moves, friendship draws together and discord scatters. Amic. 7.24Atque hoc quidem omnēs mortālēs et intellegunt et rē probant.And this indeed all mortals both understand and confirm in practice. Amic. 7.24Itaque, sī quandō aliquod officium exstitit amīcī in perīculīs aut adeundīs aut commūnicandīs, quis est quī id nōn maximīs efferat laudibus?And so, if ever some service of a friend has come to light, in either undergoing or sharing dangers, who is there that does not extol it with the highest praise?

Amic. 7.24Quī clamōrēs tōtā caveā nūper in hospitis et amīcī meī M. Pacuvī novā fābulā, cum ignōrante rēge uter Orestēs esset, Pyladēs Orestem sē esse dīceret, ut prō illō necārētur, Orestēs autem, ita ut erat, Orestem sē esse persevērāret!What shouts there were through the whole theatre lately at the new play of my host and friend Marcus Pacuvius, when, as the king did not know which of the two was Orestes, Pylades said that he was Orestes, so as to be put to death in his place, while Orestes, as was the truth, persisted that he was Orestes! Amic. 7.24Stantēs plaudēbant in rē fictā;They stood and applauded at a fiction; Amic. 7.24quid arbitrāmur in vērā factūrōs fuisse?what do we think they would have done at the real thing? Amic. 7.24Facile indicābat ipsa nātūra vim suam, cum hominēs, quod facere ipsī nōn possent, id rēctē fierī in alterō iūdicārent.Nature herself easily showed her power, when men judged that rightly done in another which they could not do themselves. Amic. 7.24Hāctenus mihi videor dē amīcitiā quid sentīrem potuisse dīcere;Thus far I seem to have been able to say what I feel about friendship; Amic. 7.24sī quae praetereā sunt—crēdō autem esse multa—ab eīs, sī vidēbitur, quī ista disputant, quaeritōte.if there is anything more (and I believe there is much), seek it, if you see fit, from those who discuss such matters.

Amic. 7.25FANNIUS.FANNIUS. Amic. 7.25Nōs autem ā tē potius.But we would rather seek it from you. Amic. 7.25Quamquam etiam ab istīs saepe quaesīvī et audīvī nōn invītus equidem, sed aliud quoddam fīlum ōrātiōnis tuae.Although I have often asked those men too and listened, not unwillingly indeed; but the thread of your discourse is of a different kind. Amic. 7.25SCAEVOLA.SCAEVOLA. Amic. 7.25Tum magis id dīcerēs, Fannī, sī nūper in hortīs Scīpiōnis, cum est dē rē pūblicā disputātum, affuissēs.You would say that all the more, Fannius, if you had been present lately in Scipio's gardens, when there was a discussion about the state. Amic. 7.25Quālis tum patrōnus iūstitiae fuit contrā accūrātam ōrātiōnem Philī!What a champion of justice he was then against the careful speech of Philus! Amic. 7.25FANNIUS.FANNIUS. Amic. 7.25Facile id quidem fuit iūstitiam iūstissimō virō dēfendere.That was easy, certainly, for the most just of men to defend justice. Amic. 7.25SCAEVOLA.SCAEVOLA. Amic. 7.25Quid?What? Amic. 7.25amīcitiam nōnne facile eī, quī ob eam summā fidē, cōnstantiā iūstitiāque servātam maximam glōriam cēperit?And friendship, is that not easy for one who has won the greatest glory for having kept it with the utmost faithfulness, constancy and justice?

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×8, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (194 words)
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
que, enclitic conj.and
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
commoditās, -ātis f.convenience, advantage
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
tum, adv.then, at that time
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
nīmīrum (adv.)of course, no doubt, evidently (often ironic)
praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitusstand in front; show
omnis, -eall, every
quod, conj.that, in that, because
bonus, -a, -umgood
spēs, speī, f.hope
praelūceō, -ēre, -lūxīshine before, light the way; outshine, surpass
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
dēbilitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusweaken, cripple, unnerve
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
intueor, -tuērī, -tuituslook upon, behold
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
exemplar, -āris n.model, pattern, example; copy, likeness
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
quōcircā (adv.)for which reason, therefore
absēns, -entisabsent, away
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
egeō, -ēre, eguī (+ abl. or gen.)need, lack, be in want of
abundō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumoverflow; have plenty of, abound in (+ abl.)
imbēcillus, -a, -umweak, feeble
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
difficilis, -enot easy, difficult
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
morior, morī, mortuusdie
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
honor, -ōris, m.honor
memoria, -ae, f.memory
dēsīderium, -ī, n.desire, longing
prōsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow forward, follow
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
beātus, -a, -umhappy, blessed
mors, mortīs, f.death
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
vīta, -ae, f.life
laudābilis, -epraiseworthy, commendable
sī, conj.if
eximō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake away, remove; use up (a day)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
benevolentia, -ae f.goodwill, kindness
coniūnctiō, -ōnis f.union, connection, alliance
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
ūllus, -a, -umany
urbs, urbis, f.city
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
ager, agri, m.field, land
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
permaneō, -manēre, -mānsi, -mānsusremain
minus, comp. adv.less
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
concordia, -ae f.agreement, harmony
dissēnsiō, -ōnis f.disagreement, quarrel
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
percipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusfeel
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
enim, conj.for
tam, adv.so
stabilis, -efirm, steady, lasting
firmus, -a, -umstrong, steadfast
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
nōn, adv.not
odium, -ī, n.hatred
discidium, -ī n.separation, breach, quarrel; divorce
funditus (adv.)from the bottom, utterly
ēvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusoverturn, overthrow, destroy
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
Agrigentīnus, -a, -umof Agrigentum in Sicily; (m. as noun) the man of Agrigentum, Empedocles
doctus, -a, -umlearned, skilled, trained (in: abl.)
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
vir, virī, m.man
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
vāticinor, -ārī, -ātus sumprophesy, foretell; rave
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
mundus, -ī m.world, universe
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
contrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -trāctumdraw together, collect
dissipō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumscatter
mortālis, -emortal
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
quandō (adv.)when; (after sī) ever
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
exsistō, -ere, -stitīcome forth, arise; appear
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
commūnicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshare; in the Gospels also: make common, make (ritually) unclean
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
cavea, -ae f.seating area of a theatre; the spectators; cage, enclosure
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
fābula, -ae, f.story
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe ignorant of
rēx, rēgis, m.king
uter, utra, utrumwhich? of two
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
persevērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpersist
plaudō, -ere, plausī, plausumclap, strike, beat
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
facile, adv.easily
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
homō, hominis, m.man
rēctē (adv.)rightly, properly; safely
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
hāctenus (adv.)thus far, up to this point; so much (and no more)
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
disputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdiscuss, argue
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
nōsplur. of ego
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
potius (adv.)rather
quamquam, conj.however much, although
saepe, adv.often, frequently
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
equidem (adv.)indeed, truly; for my part
sed, conj.but
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
fīlum, -ī n.thread; woollen band
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
hortus, -ī, m.garden
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
patrōnus, -ī m.patron, protector
iūstitia, -ae f.justice, fairness
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
accūrātus, -a, -umcareful, studied, precise
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
iūstus, -a, -umjust
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
nōnne, adv., introducing a question to which an affirmative answer is expectednot?
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
glōria, -ae, f.glory
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
Cicero, De Amicitia. Latin text: W. A. Falconer, Cicero: De Senectute, De Amicitia, De Divinatione (Loeb, 1923), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.