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De Bello Gallico 8.30

Drappes makes for the Province

Hirtius, De Bello Gallico VIII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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8.30.1Quā ex fugā cum cōnstāret Drappetem Senonem, quī, ut prīmum dēfēcerat Gallia, collēctīs undique perditīs hominibus, servīs ad lībertātem vocātīs, exulibus omnium cīvitātum adscītīs, receptīs latrōnibus impedīmenta et commeātūs Rōmānōrum intercēperat, nōn amplius hominum duōbus mīlibus ex fugā collēctīs prōvinciam petere ūnāque cōnsilium cum eō Lucterium Cadurcum cēpisse, quem superiōre commentāriō prīmā dēfectiōne Galliae facere in prōvinciam voluisse impetum cognitum est, Canīnius lēgātus cum legiōnibus duābus ad eōs persequendōs contendit, nē dētrīmentō aut timōre prōvinciae magna īnfāmia perditōrum hominum latrōciniīs caperētur.

It became known that after this flight Drappes, a Senonian, who, as soon as Gaul had revolted, had gathered desperate men from everywhere, called slaves to freedom, recruited exiles from all the states and taken in bandits, and had cut off the baggage and supplies of the Romans, was making for the Province with no more than two thousand men collected from the rout, and that Lucterius the Cadurcan had joined him in the plan, who, as was told in the previous book, had wanted to make an attack on the Province at the first revolt of Gaul; so the legate Caninius hurries with two legions to pursue them, so that the Province should not suffer great disgrace from loss or terror caused by the raids of desperate men.

Note. One very long sentence: the cum-clause (Quā ex fugā cum cōnstāret) holds three indirect statements before the main clause, Canīnius … contendit. Drappētem Senonem: 'Drappes the Senonian'. superiōre commentāriō: 'in the previous book' (Book VII). nē … caperētur: 'so that the Province should not suffer…'.

Vocabulary

quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
fuga, -ae, f.flight
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
dēficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusfail
colligō, -ere, -lēgī, -lēctumgather, collect (sē colligere: recover oneself)
undique, adv.from or on all sides
perditus, -a, -umabandoned, desperate
homō, hominis, m.man
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
exsul, -ulis m.exile, banished person
omnis, -eall, every
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
adscīscō, -ere, -scīvī, -scītustake up, admit, attach to oneself (as an ally)
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
latrō, -ōnis, m.robber
impedīmentum, -ī n.hindrance; (pl.) baggage
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
intercipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptumintercept, catch
nōn, adv.not
amplius (adv.)more, further
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
ūnātogether, along
que, enclitic conj.and
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
cum, prep, with abl.with
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
commentārius, -ī m.notebook, record; (pl.) memoirs, a commentary (Caesar's own account of his campaigns)
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
dēfectiō, -ōnis f.revolt, desertion
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
volō, velle, voluīwish
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
dētrīmentum, -ī n.loss, harm
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
timor, -ōris, m.fear
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
īnfāmia, -ae f.disgrace, dishonor
latrōcinium, -ī n.robbery, raiding
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Hirtius, De Bello Gallico VIII. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes, C. Iuli Commentarii Rerum in Gallia Gestarum VII, A. Hirti Commentarius VIII (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.