Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 7
De Bello Gallico 7.31
Vercingetorix rebuilds his army
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō7.31.1Nec minus quam est pollicitus Vercingetorīx animō labōrābat ut reliquās cīvitātēs adiungeret, atque eās dōnīs pollicitātiōnibusque alliciēbat.
And Vercingetorix worked no less in his mind than he had promised to win over the other states, and he tried to win them with gifts and promises.
7.31.1Huic reī idōneōs hominēs dēligēbat, quōrum quisque aut ōrātiōne subdolā aut amīcitiā facillimē capere posset.
For this task he chose suitable men, each of whom could very easily win them over, either by cunning speech or by friendship.
7.31.2Quī Avaricō expugnātō refūgerant, armandōs vestiendōsque cūrat;
He sees to it that those who had escaped when Avaricum was stormed are armed and clothed;
Note. armandōs vestiendōsque cūrat: 'he has them armed and clothed'. The object (eōs) is left out; it is the antecedent of quī.
7.31.4simul, ut dēminūtae cōpiae redintegrārentur, imperat certum numerum mīlitum cīvitātibus, quem et quam ante diem in castra addūcī velit, sagittāriōsque omnēs, quōrum erat permagnus numerus in Galliā, conquīrī et ad sē mittī iubet.
at the same time, so that his reduced forces might be restored, he orders the states to supply a fixed number of soldiers, stating how many and by what day he wants them brought to the camp, and he orders all the archers, of whom there was a very great number in Gaul, to be sought out and sent to him.
Note. imperat … quem et quam ante diem in castra addūcī velit: 'he orders a fixed number … stating how many (quem) and by what day (quam ante diem) he wants them brought'.
7.31.4Hīs rēbus celeriter id quod Avaricī dēperierat explētur.
By these means what had been lost at Avaricum is quickly made good.
7.31.5Interim Teutomatus, Ollovicōnis fīlius, rēx Nitiobrigum, cuius pater ab senātū nostrō amīcus erat appellātus, cum magnō equitum suōrum numerō et quōs ex Aquītāniā condūxerat ad eum pervēnit.
Meanwhile Teutomatus, son of Ollovico, king of the Nitiobriges, whose father had been called a friend by our senate, came to him with a great number of his own horsemen and of those he had hired from Aquitania.
Note. ab senātū nostrō amīcus … appellātus: the Roman senate gave the title 'friend of the Roman people' to friendly foreign kings.
Vocabulary
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| minus, comp. adv. | less |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| polliceor, -licērī, -licitus | promise |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | labor, toil |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| adiungo, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctus | join to, join |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| dōnum, -ī, n. | gift |
| pollicitātiō, -ōnis f. | promise |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| alliciō, -ere, -lexī, -lectus | attract, entice, win over |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| idōneus, -a, -um | suitable, fit; favorable |
| homō, hominis, m. | man |
| dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctus | choose out, choose, select |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron. | each |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| ōrātiō, -ōnis, f. | speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak |
| subdolus, -a, -um | crafty, sly |
| amīcitia, -ae f. | friendship, alliance |
| facile, adv. | easily |
| capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | take, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| expugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | take by storm, capture |
| refugiō, -fugere, -fūgī | flee back, run away, retreat |
| armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātus | arm, equip |
| vestiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum | clothe, dress |
| cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | take care of; (+ gerundive) have something done |
| simul, adv. | at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as |
| dēminuō, -ere, -minuī, -minūtum | lessen, reduce |
| cōpia, -ae, f. | supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops |
| redintegrō, -integrāre, -integrāvī, -integrātus | make whole again, renew |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| certus, -a, -um | determined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform |
| numerus, -ī, m. | number |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj. | what? |
| ante, prep, with acc. and adv. | before |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead to, bring, take; induce, influence |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| sagittārius, -ī m. | archer |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| permagnus, -a, -um | very great, very large |
| conquīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītum | search out, hunt down |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| celeriter, adv. | swiftly, quickly |
| dēpereō, -īre, -iī | be lost, perish |
| expleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētus | fill up, complete; make good |
| interim (adv.) | meanwhile |
| fīlius, -ī, m. | son |
| rēx, rēgis, m. | king |
| pater, patris, m. | father |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| senātus, -ūs m. | senate |
| noster, -tra, -trum | our |
| amīcus, -ī, m. | friend |
| appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātus | call, name |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| condūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductum | bring together, assemble |
| perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come through, come, arrive, reach |