Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 6
De Bello Gallico 6.33
The army divides
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō6.33.1Partītō exercitū Titum Labiēnum cum legiōnibus tribus ad Ōceanum versus in eās partēs quae Menapiōs attingunt proficīscī iubet;
Having divided the army, he ordered Titus Labienus to set out with three legions toward the Ocean, into those parts which border on the Menapii;
Note. ad Ōceanum versus: versus after ad + accusative means 'toward'. Partītō exercitū is an ablative absolute from the deponent partior used passively.
6.33.2Gāium Trebōnium cum parī legiōnum numerō ad eam regiōnem quae ad Aduatucōs adiacet dēpopulandam mittit;
he sent Gaius Trebonius with an equal number of legions to lay waste the region which lies next to the Aduatuci;
6.33.3ipse cum reliquīs tribus ad flūmen Scaldem, quod īnfluit in Mosam, extrēmāsque Arduennae partīs īre cōnstituit, quō cum paucīs equitibus profectum Ambiorīgem audiēbat.
he himself decided to go with the remaining three to the river Scheldt, which flows into the Meuse, and to the far parts of the Ardennes, where he heard Ambiorix had gone with a few horsemen.
6.33.4Discēdēns post diem septimum sēsē reversūrum cōnfirmat;
As he left, he declared that he would return after seven days;
Note. post diem septimum: 'after seven days', counted the Roman way, which includes the starting day.
6.33.4quam ad diem eī legiōnī quae in praesidiō relinquēbātur dēbērī frūmentum sciēbat.
he knew that by that day grain was due to the legion which was being left on guard.
6.33.5Labiēnum Trebōniumque hortātur, sī reī pūblicae commodō facere possint, ad eum diem revertantur, ut rūrsus commūnicātō cōnsiliō explōrātīsque hostium ratiōnibus aliud initium bellī capere possint.
He urged Labienus and Trebonius, if they could do so to the advantage of the state, to return by that day, so that after sharing their plans again and finding out the enemy's intentions they could make a fresh start in the war.
Vocabulary
| partior, -īrī, partītus sum | share out, divide |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| legiō, -ōnis f. | legion |
| trēs, tria, plur. adj. | three |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| versus (adv.) | toward, in the direction of (often after ad or in + acc.) |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| pars, partis, f. | part, side, direction |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctus | touch at |
| proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sum | set out, depart, march |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| pār, paris | equal |
| numerus, -ī, m. | number |
| regiō, -ōnis, f. | direction; country, region |
| adiaceō, -ēre, -uī | lie next to, border on |
| dēpopulor, -ārī, -ātus sum | lay waste, ravage |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| flūmen, -minis, n. | river |
| īnfluō, -ere, -flūxī | flow into |
| extrēmus, -a, -um | last, extreme, furthest |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| eō, īre, iī, itus | go |
| cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtus | set together or up; appoint; determine |
| quō, adv. | to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long? |
| paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | few |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | hear; listen or attend to |
| discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessus | go apart, withdraw, depart |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| septimus, -a, -um | seventh |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertī | turn back, return |
| cōnfirmō, -firmāre, -firmāvī, -firmātus | strengthen, establish; declare, assert |
| praesidium, -ī, n. | protection; guard, escort |
| relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictus | leave behind, leave |
| dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | owe; with infin., ought |
| frūmentum, -ī, n. | grain |
| sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | know |
| hortor, -ārī, -ātus | exhort, encourage, urge |
| sī, conj. | if |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| pūblicus, -a, -um | public, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state) |
| commodum, -ī n. | advantage, interest |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| rūrsus, adv. | again |
| commūnicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | share; in the Gospels also: make common, make (ritually) unclean |
| cōnsilium, -ī, n. | advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence |
| explōrō, -plōrāre, -plōrāvī, -plōrātus | search out, explore |
| hostis, -is, m. and f. | enemy, foe |
| ratiō, -ōnis, f. | plan, means, method, manner; reason; account |
| alius, -a, -ud | another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others |
| initium, -ī, n. | beginning |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | take, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt |