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De Bello Gallico 4.31

Caesar repairs the fleet

Caesar, De Bello Gallico IV. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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4.31.1At Caesar, etsī nōndum eōrum cōnsilia cognōverat, tamen et ex ēventū nāvium suārum et ex eō quod obsidēs dare intermīserant fore id quod accidit suspicābātur.

But Caesar, although he had not yet learned their plans, nevertheless suspected from what had happened to his ships and from the fact that they had stopped giving hostages that what in fact happened would happen.

Note. fore id quod accidit: 'that what did happen would happen'; Caesar shows his foresight.

4.31.2Itaque ad omnēs cāsūs subsidia comparābat.

And so he prepared remedies for every eventuality.

4.31.2Nam et frūmentum ex agrīs cōtīdiē in castra cōnferēbat et, quae gravissimē adflīctae erant nāvēs, eārum māteriā atque aere ad reliquās reficiendās ūtēbātur et quae ad eās rēs erant ūsuī ex continentī comportārī iubēbat.

For he brought grain into the camp from the fields every day, and he used the timber and bronze of the ships that had been most badly damaged to repair the rest, and ordered what was needed for that work to be brought from the mainland.

4.31.3Itaque, cum summō studiō ā mīlitibus administrārētur, XII nāvibus āmissīs, reliquīs ut nāvigārī satis commodē posset effēcit.

And so, since the soldiers carried out the work with the greatest enthusiasm, though twelve ships were lost, he made it possible for the rest to sail reasonably well.

Vocabulary

at, conj.but
etsī, conj.even if, although
nōndum, adv.not yet
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
nāvis, -is, f.ship
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quod, conj.that, in that, because
obses, obsidis m./f.hostage
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
intermittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missusleave off, interrupt; let pass; pass., be left between, intervene, elapse
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
suspicor, -spicārī, -spicātussuspect
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
omnis, -eall, every
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
subsidium, -ī, n.reserve, reinforcement, support, help
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
nam, conj.for
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
ager, agri, m.field, land
cottīdiē, adv.daily, every day
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
graviter, adv.severely, seriously
afflīgō, -ere, -flīxī, -flīctusstrike against, damage, wreck
māteria, -ae f.timber, material
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
reficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake anew, renew, repair
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
ūsus, -ūs, m.use; experience
continēns, -entis, f.'mainland, continent
comportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātuscarry or bring together, collect
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
administrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummanage, carry out
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nāvigō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussail
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
commodē (adv.)conveniently, easily, well
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico IV. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.