Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 4
De Bello Gallico 4.30
The British chiefs plot a revolt
Caesar, De Bello Gallico IV. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō4.30.1Quibus rēbus cognitīs, prīncipēs Britanniae, quī post proelium ad Caesarem convēnerant, inter sē conlocūtī, cum et equitēs et nāvēs et frūmentum Rōmānīs dēesse intellegerent et paucitātem mīlitum ex castrōrum exiguitāte cognōscerent, quae hōc erant etiam angustiōra quod sine impedīmentīs Caesar legiōnēs trānsportāverat, optimum factū esse dūxērunt rebelliōne factā frūmentō commeātūque nostrōs prohibēre et rem in hiemem prōdūcere, quod hīs superātīs aut reditū interclūsīs nēminem posteā bellī īnferendī causā in Britanniam trānsitūrum cōnfīdēbant.
When they learned this, the chiefs of Britain who had gathered at Caesar's camp after the battle conferred with one another; since they saw that the Romans lacked cavalry, ships and grain, and judged the small number of soldiers from the small size of the camp, which was all the more cramped because Caesar had brought the legions across without baggage, they thought the best thing to do was to rebel, cut our men off from grain and supplies, and drag the business out into the winter, because they were confident that if these men were defeated or cut off from returning, no one would afterwards cross into Britain to make war.
Note. optimum factū: supine in -ū, 'best to do'. rem in hiemem prōdūcere: 'to drag the business out into winter'. nēminem … trānsitūrum (esse): indirect statement after cōnfīdēbant.
4.30.3Itaque rūrsus coniūrātiōne factā paulātim ex castrīs discēdere et suōs clam ex agrīs dēdūcere coepērunt.
And so they formed a conspiracy again and began gradually to leave the camp and to bring their people out of the fields in secret.
Vocabulary
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| prīnceps, -ipis | first, chief; as noun: leader |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| proelium, -ī, n. | battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come together, assemble |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| colloquor (conloquor), -ī, -locūtus sum | talk with, confer |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| nāvis, -is, f. | ship |
| frūmentum, -ī, n. | grain |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| dēsum, deesse, dēfuī | be lacking, fail |
| intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctus | perceive, understand |
| paucitās, -ātis f. | small number, scarcity |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| exiguitās, -ātis f. | shortness, scantiness |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| angustus, -a, -um | narrow, cramped |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| sine, prep. with abl. | without |
| impedīmentum, -ī n. | hindrance; (pl.) baggage |
| legiō, -ōnis f. | legion |
| trānsportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātus | carry across or over, transport |
| bonus, -a, -um | good |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus | lead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry |
| rebelliō, -ōnis f. | renewed war, revolt |
| commeātus, -ūs, m. | supplies, provisions |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| noster, -tra, -trum | our |
| prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitus | hold back, prevent, hinder |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| hiems, hiemis f. | winter |
| prōdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductum | lead out, bring out |
| superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | overcome, defeat, conquer |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| reditus, -ūs, m. | return |
| interclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsum | cut off, block |
| nēmō, nēminis, m. and f. | no one, nobody |
| posteā, adv. | after this, afterwards |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātus | bring in or against, wage against; inflict |
| causa, -ae, f. | cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of |
| trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go across or over, cross |
| cōnfīdō, -ere, cōnfīsus sum | trust, be confident |
| itaque, adv. | and so, accordingly, therefore |
| rūrsus, adv. | again |
| coniūrātiō, -ōnis f. | conspiracy |
| paulātim (adv.) | little by little, gradually |
| discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessus | go apart, withdraw, depart |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| clam (adv.) | secretly |
| ager, agri, m. | field, land |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action) | have begun, began |