Lectitō › Julius Caesar › The African War (Bellum Africum)
Bellum Africum 95
Faustus and Afranius
Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in LectitōB. Afr. 95.1P. Sittius interim pulsō exercitū Saburrae, praefectī Iubae, ipsōque interfectō cum iter cum paucīs ad Caesarem faceret, forte incidit in Faustum Afrāniumque, quī eam manum habēbant, quā Uticam dīripuerant, iterque in Hispāniam intendēbant et erant numerō circiter mīlle.
Meanwhile Publius Sittius, having routed the army of Saburra, Juba's commander, and killed Saburra himself, was marching to Caesar with a few men when he happened to run into Faustus and Afranius, who had the band with which they had plundered Utica and were making for Spain; they numbered about a thousand.
Note. Saburrae, praefectī Iubae: Saburra was Juba's general. ipsōque interfectō: 'and Saburra himself killed'. Faustum Afrāniumque: Faustus Sulla and L. Afranius, the old Pompeian legate from Spain. eam manum … quā Uticam dīripuerant: the cavalry band of chapter 87. numerō circiter mīlle: 'about a thousand in number'.
B. Afr. 95.2Itaque celeriter nocturnō tempore īnsidiīs dispositīs eōs prīmā lūce adortus praeter paucōs equitēs, quī ex prīmō agmine fūgerant, reliquōs aut interfēcit aut in dēditiōnem accēpit, Afrānium et Faustum cum coniuge et līberīs vīvōs capit.
So he quickly laid an ambush by night, attacked them at dawn, and except for a few horsemen who had fled from the head of the column, he either killed the rest or took their surrender; Afranius and Faustus, with his wife and children, he captured alive.
Note. nocturnō tempore: 'by night'. prīmā lūce: 'at dawn'. adortus: from the deponent adorior. in dēditiōnem accēpit: 'took into surrender'. Fausti coniux was Pompeia, Pompey's daughter.
B. Afr. 95.3Paucīs post diēbus dissēnsiōne in exercitū ortā Faustus et Afrānius interficiuntur;
A few days later a mutiny broke out in the army, and Faustus and Afranius were killed;
Note. Paucīs post diēbus: 'a few days later', post used as an adverb. The writer leaves vague who was behind the killing of these two prisoners.
B. Afr. 95.3Pompēiae cum Faustī līberīs Caesar incolumitātem suaque omnia concessit.
to Pompeia and Faustus's children Caesar granted their safety and all their property.
Note. Pompeiae: Pompey's daughter, wife of Faustus. incolumitātem suaque omnia: 'their safety and all their property'.
Vocabulary
| interim (adv.) | meanwhile |
| pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus | drive, drive away, beat, rout |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| praefectus, -ī m. | commander, officer |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | put out of the way, kill |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | few |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| forte, adv. | by chance, accidentally |
| incidō, -cidere, -cidī | fall into or upon |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| manus, -ūs, f. | hand |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptum | plunder |
| intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch out; stretch, draw, aim |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| numerus, -ī, m. | number |
| circiter, prep. with acc. and adv. | about |
| mīlle, indecl. adj. | a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands; |
| itaque, adv. | and so, accordingly, therefore |
| celeriter, adv. | swiftly, quickly |
| nocturnus, -a, -um | of night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur. | ambush; plot, stratagem |
| dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum | station here and there, post |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| lūx, lūcis, f. | light |
| adorior, -īrī, adortus sum | attack |
| praeter, prep. with acc. | before, past, by; besides, except |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| agmen, -minis, n. | band, column |
| fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrus | flee, run away |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| dēditiō, -ōnis f. | surrender |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |
| coniūnx, -iugis f. | wife (also m., husband) |
| līberī, -ōrum, m. plur. | children |
| vīvus, -a, -um | alive, living |
| capiō, capere, cēpī, captus | take, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| dissēnsiō, -ōnis f. | disagreement, quarrel |
| orior, -īrī, -tus | arise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn |
| incolumitās, -ātis f. | safety |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessus | grant, yield |