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Vergil · Georgics

Georgics 3.1–48

A temple for Caesar

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Georg. 3.1Tē quoque, magna Palēs, et tē memorande canēmus
pāstor ab Amphrȳsō, vōs, silvae amnēsque Lycaeī.
You too, great Pales, we will sing, and you, shepherd of Amphrysus, worthy to be remembered, and you, woods and streams of Lycaeus.
Georg. 3.3Cētera, quae vacuās tenuissent carmine mentēs,
omnia iam volgāta: quis aut Eurysthea dūrum
5aut inlaudātī nescit Būsīridis ārās?
Other themes, which would have held idle minds with song, are all now commonplace: who does not know of harsh Eurystheus, or the altars of unpraised Busiris?
Georg. 3.6Cui nōn dictus Hylās puer et Lātōnia Dēlos
Hippodamēque umerōque Pelops īnsignis eburnō,
ācer equīs?
By whom has the boy Hylas not been told, and Latona's Delos, and Hippodame, and Pelops, marked out by his ivory shoulder, keen with horses?
Georg. 3.8Temptanda via est, quā mē quoque possim
tollere humō victorque virum volitāre per ōra.
I must try a path by which I too may raise myself from the ground and fly victorious on the lips of men.
Georg. 3.10Prīmus ego in patriam mēcum, modo vīta supersit,
Āoniō rediēns dēdūcam vertice Mūsās;
I shall be the first, if only life remains, to lead the Muses with me to my homeland, returning from the Aonian peak;
Georg. 3.12prīmus Idūmaeās referam tibi, Mantua, palmās,
et viridī in campō templum dē marmore pōnam
propter aquam.
I shall be the first to bring back to you, Mantua, the palms of Idumaea, and on the green plain I shall set up a temple of marble beside the water,
Georg. 3.14Tardīs ingēns ubi flexibus errat
15Mincius et tenerā praetexit arundine rīpās.
where the great Mincius wanders in slow windings and fringes his banks with tender reed.

Georg. 3.16In mediō mihi Caesar erit templumque tenēbit:
illī victor ego et Tyriō cōnspectus in ostrō
centum quadriiugōs agitābō ad flūmina currūs.
In the middle I shall have Caesar, and he shall possess the temple: in his honour I, victorious and conspicuous in Tyrian purple, will drive a hundred four-horse chariots beside the river.
Georg. 3.19Cūncta mihi Alphēum linquēns lūcōsque Molorchī
20cursibus et crūdō dēcernet Graecia caestū.
For me all Greece, leaving the Alpheus and the groves of Molorchus, will contend in the races and with the rawhide gauntlet.
Georg. 3.21Ipse caput tōnsae foliīs ōrnātus olīvae
dōna feram.
I myself, my head adorned with leaves of the trimmed olive, will bring gifts.
Georg. 3.22Iam nunc sollemnīs dūcere pompās
ad dēlūbra iuvat caesōsque vidēre iuvencōs,
vel scaena ut versīs discēdat frontibus utque
25purpurea intextī tollant aulaea Britannī.
Even now it is a joy to lead the solemn processions to the shrines and to see the bullocks slain, or how the scene withdraws as its fronts revolve, and how the Britons woven into them raise the purple curtains.
Georg. 3.26In foribus pugnam ex aurō solidōque elephantō
Gangaridum faciam victōrisque arma Quirīnī,
atque hīc undantem bellō magnumque fluentem
Nīlum ac nāvālī surgentīs aere columnās.
On the doors I will fashion, in gold and solid ivory, the battle of the Gangarides and the arms of victorious Quirinus, and here the Nile surging with war and flowing mightily, and columns rising with the bronze of ships.

Georg. 3.30Addam urbēs Asiae domitās pulsumque Niphātēn
fīdentemque fugā Parthum versīsque sagittīs,
et duo rapta manū dīversō ex hoste tropaea
bisque triumphātās utrōque ab lītore gentēs.
I will add the conquered cities of Asia, and Niphates routed, and the Parthian trusting in flight and backward-turned arrows, and two trophies snatched by hand from foes far apart, and nations twice triumphed over from either shore.
Georg. 3.34Stābunt et Pariī lapidēs, spīrantia signa,
35Assaracī prōlēs dēmissaeque ab Iove gentis
nōmina, Trōsque parēns et Troiae Cynthius auctor.
There will stand Parian marbles too, statues that breathe, the offspring of Assaracus and the names of the race descended from Jupiter, and father Tros, and the Cynthian founder of Troy.
Georg. 3.37Invidia īnfēlīx Furiās amnemque sevērum
Cōcȳtī metuet tortōsque Ixīonis anguīs
immānemque rotam et nōn exsuperābile saxum.
Wretched Envy will fear the Furies and the stern river of Cocytus, and Ixion's twisted snakes and monstrous wheel, and the stone that cannot be overcome.
Georg. 3.40Intereā Dryadum silvās saltūsque sequāmur
intāctōs, tua, Maecēnās, haud mollia iussa.
Meanwhile let us pursue the woods and untouched glades of the Dryads, your commands, Maecenas, and no easy ones.

Georg. 3.42Tē sine nīl altum mēns incohat;Without you my mind begins nothing lofty; Georg. 3.42ēn age segnīs
rumpe morās;
come, break off sluggish delays;
Georg. 3.43vocat ingentī clamōre Cithaerōn
Tāygetīque canēs domitrīxque Epidaurus equōrum
45et vōx adsēnsū nemorum ingemināta remūgit.
Cithaeron calls with a mighty shout, and the hounds of Taygetus, and Epidaurus, tamer of horses, and the cry, redoubled by the assent of the groves, bellows back.
Georg. 3.46Mox tamen ārdentīs accingar dīcere pugnās
Caesaris et nōmen fāma tot ferre per annōs,
Tīthōnī prīmā quot abest ab orīgine Caesar.
Yet soon I shall gird myself to tell of the fiery battles of Caesar, and to carry his name in fame through as many years as Caesar is distant from the first origin of Tithonus.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (215 words)
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
quoque, adv.also
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
pāstor, -tōris, m.shepherd
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
vōsplur. of tū
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
amnis, -is m.river
que, enclitic conj.and
Lycaeus, -a, -umLycaean, of Mount Lycaeus in Arcadia, sacred to Pan
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
vacuus, -a, -umempty
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
omnis, -eall, every
iam, adv.now, already
vulgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake common, spread abroad; (corpus) prostitute
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
illaudātus (inlaudātus), -a, -umunpraised; not to be praised, infamous
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
āra, -ae, f.altar
nōn, adv.not
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
puer, puerī, m.boy
Lātōnius, -a, -umof Latona; Lātōnia virgō: Diana
umerus, -ī, m.shoulder
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
eburnus, -a, -umof ivory, ivory
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
equus, -ī, m.horse
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
via, -ae, f.road, way
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
vir, virī, m.man
volitō, -āre, -āvīfly about; flit, swagger about
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
modo, adv.only
vīta, -ae, f.life
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
Āonius, -a, -umAonian, of Aonia (Boeotia), the region around Thebes and Mount Helicon
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
vertex, -icis m.top of the head, crown; summit
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
viridis, -egreen
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
marmor, -oris n.marble; a marble statue
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
aqua, -ae, f.water
tardus, -a, -umslow
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
flexus, -ūs m.bend, winding, curve; turning point
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
tener, -era, -erumyoung, tender
praetexō, -ere, -texuī, -textusborder, fringe; toga praetexta: the purple-bordered toga of magistrates
harundō (arundō), -inis f.reed, cane
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
Tyrius, -a, -umof Tyre, Tyrian; (of Carthage, a Tyrian colony) Carthaginian
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectusbehold, perceive, see
ostrum, -ī n.purple dye; purple cloth
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
quadriiugus, -a, -umdrawn by four horses
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
flūmen, -minis, n.river
currus, -ūs, m.chariot, car
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
linquō, -ere, līquīleave
lūcus, -ī m.sacred grove
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
crūdus, -a, -umraw; fresh, vigorous
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
caestus, -ūs m.boxing glove (thongs of leather, often weighted)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
caput, capitis, n.head
tondeō, -ēre, totondī, tōnsumshear, clip
folium, -ī n.leaf
ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusequip, adorn
olīva, -ae f.olive tree; olive
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
nunc, adv.now
sollemnis, -esolemn, ritual, customary
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
pompa, -ae f.procession, parade
dēlūbrum, -ī n.shrine, sanctuary
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
iuvencus, -ī m.young bull, bullock
velor; vel … vel: either … or
scaena, -ae f.stage, theatre
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
purpureus, -a, -umpurple, dyed purple
intexō, -ere, -texuī, -textumweave together
aulaeum, -ī n.curtain, hanging; (pl.) tapestries, rich coverings
foris, -is, f.door
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
aurum, -ī, n.gold
solidus, -a, -umwhole, complete, solid
elephantus, -ī m.elephant
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
undō, -āre, -āvīsurge, billow, rise in waves
bellum, -ī, n.war
fluō, -ere, flūxīflow
nāvālis, -enaval, of ships
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
columna, -ae, f.column, pillar
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
urbs, urbis, f.city
domō, -āre, -uī, -itustame, subdue, master
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
fīdō, -ere, fīsus sumtrust, rely on (+ dat. or abl.); fīdēns, confident, bold
fuga, -ae, f.flight
sagitta, -ae, f.arrow
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
manus, -ūs, f.hand
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
tropaeum, -ī n.trophy, monument of victory; a victory
bis (adv.)twice
triumphō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscelebrate a triumph; exult
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
Parius, -a, -umof Paros, Parian
lapis, -idis, m.stone
spīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbreathe; (of wind) blow
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
prōlēs, -is f.offspring, children
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
furia, -ae f. (mostly pl.)rage, madness; the Furies, avenging spirits
sevērus, -a, -umstern, strict, severe
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortusturn
anguis, -is, m. and f.serpent, snake
immānis, -ehuge, enormous; savage
rota, -ae f.wheel
exsuperābilis, -eable to be overcome; nōn exsuperābilis: insurmountable
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
dryas, -adis f.dryad, a nymph of the woods (pl. dryades)
saltus, -ūs m.wooded pass, forest glade, woodland
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
intāctus, -a, -umuntouched, unharmed
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
mollis, -esoft, weak
iussum, -ī, n.order, command
sine, prep. with abl.without
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
incohō (inchoō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusbegin, start
ēn (interj.)look! see! there!
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
segnis, -eslow, sluggish, idle
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
mora, -ae, f.delay
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
domitrīx, -īcis f.tamer (female); (as adj.) taming, mastering
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
assēnsus (adsēnsus), -ūs m.agreement, approval, assent
nemus, -oris n.grove, wood
ingeminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumredouble
remūgiō, -īrebellow back, echo
mox, adv.soon
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
accingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird on; (pass.) gird oneself, get ready
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
tot (indecl.)so many
annus, -ī, m.year
quot (indecl.)how many
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
orīgō, -inis f.origin, beginning, source; ancestry
Vergil, Georgics. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.