Georg. 2.354Sēminibus positīs superest dīdūcere terram
355saepius ad capita et dūrōs iactāre bidentīs,
aut pressō exercēre sōlum sub vōmere et ipsa
flectere luctantīs inter vīnēta iuvencōs;When the slips are set, it remains to draw the earth often round their heads and to swing the hard mattocks, or to work the soil under the pressing ploughshare and to steer the straining bullocks among the very vineyards; Georg. 2.358tum levīs calamōs et rāsae hastīlia virgae
fraxineāsque aptāre sudēs furcāsque valentīs,
360vīribus ēnītī quārum et contemnere ventōs
adsuēscant summāsque sequī tabulāta per ulmōs.then to fit smooth reeds and shafts of peeled rod, and ash stakes and sturdy forks, by whose strength they may learn to climb, to scorn the winds, and to follow the tiers up through the tops of the elms.
Lectitō › Vergil › Georgics › Georgics 2.354–361
Vergil · Georgics
Georgics 2.354–361
Hoeing and staking the vines
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Read in LectitōGrammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1
Latin vocabulary for this passage (47 words)
| sēmen, sēminis n. | seed |
| pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus | place, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on |
| supersum, -esse, -fuī | be over or left, remain |
| dīdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductum | spread out, divide |
| terra, -ae, f. | land, earth |
| saepe, adv. | often, frequently |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| caput, capitis, n. | head |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| dūrus, -a, -um | hard; harsh; difficult |
| iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | toss about; discuss |
| bidēns, -entis f. | a sheep (for sacrifice, of the age to show two adult teeth) |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| premō, premere, pressī, pressus | press, check, restrain |
| exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitus | exercise |
| sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n. | only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil |
| sub, prep. with acc. and abl. | under; sub vesperum, towards evening |
| vōmer, -eris m. | ploughshare |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| flectō, -ere, flexī, flexus | bend, turn |
| luctor, -ārī, -ātus | wrestle, struggle |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| vīnētum, -ī n. | vineyard |
| iuvencus, -ī m. | young bull, bullock |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| levis, -e | light, slight |
| calamus, -ī m. | reed, cane; a reed pen |
| rādō, -ere, rāsī, rāsum | shave, scrape |
| hastīle, -is n. | spear shaft |
| virga, -ae f. | rod, stick, staff |
| fraxineus, -a, -um | of ash wood |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| aptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | fit, adjust, make ready |
| sudis, -is f. | stake, pile |
| furca, -ae f. | a fork; a forked frame put on the neck of a criminal for flogging |
| valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrus | be strong or effectual, have effect, prevail |
| vīs, vīs, f. | violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main |
| ēnītor, -ī, -nīsus (-nīxus) sum | struggle upward; strive, exert oneself |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptus | despise, scorn, think little of |
| ventus, -ī, m. | wind |
| assuēscō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētus | become accustomed, get used to |
| summus, -a, -um | uppermost, highest, greatest |
| sequor, sequī, secūtus | follow |
| tabulātum, -ī n. | floor, story (of a tower) |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| ulmus, -ī f. | elm |
Vergil, Georgics. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.