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Vergil · Aeneid VII

Aeneid 7.601–640

Juno opens the Gates of War

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Aen. 7.601Mōs erat Hesperiō in Latiō, quem prōtinus urbēs
Albānae coluēre sacrum nunc maxima rērum
Rōma colit, cum prīma movent in proelia Mārtem,
sīve Getīs īnferre manū lacrimābile bellum
605Hyrcānīsve Arabīsve parant seu tendere ad Indōs
Aurōramque sequī Parthōsque reposcere signa.
There was a custom in Hesperian Latium, which the Alban cities kept as sacred from then on, and which now Rome, greatest of all things, keeps, when they first rouse Mars to battle, whether they are preparing to carry tearful war against the Getae, the Hyrcanians or the Arabs, or to march to the Indians and follow the Dawn and demand back the standards from the Parthians.
Aen. 7.607Sunt geminae bellī portae (sīc nōmine dīcunt)
religiōne sacrae et saevī formīdine Mārtis;
There are twin Gates of War (so they call them by name), hallowed by religion and by dread of cruel Mars;
Aen. 7.609centum aereī claudunt vectēs aeternaque ferrī
610rōbora, nec custōs absistit līmine Iānus:
hās, ubi certa sedet patribus sententia pugnae,
ipse Quirīnālī trabeā cīnctūque Gabīnō
īnsignis reserat strīdentia līmina cōnsul,
ipse vocat pugnās;
a hundred bronze bolts and the eternal strength of iron close them, and Janus, their guardian, never leaves the threshold: when the fathers' decision for battle is firmly settled, the consul himself, distinguished by the Quirinal robe and the Gabine girding, unbars these creaking doors, he himself calls forth the fighting;
Aen. 7.614sequitur tum cētera pūbēs,
615aereaque adsēnsū cōnspīrant cornua raucō.
then the rest of the young men follow, and the bronze horns blow together with hoarse assent.

Aen. 7.616Hōc et tum Aeneadīs indīcere bella Latīnus
mōre iubēbātur trīstīsque reclūdere portās.
In this way then too Latinus was being bidden to declare war on the sons of Aeneas and unbar the grim gates.
Aen. 7.618Abstinuit tāctū pater āversusque refūgit
foeda ministeria et caecīs sē condidit umbrīs.
The father refrained from touching them, and turning away, shrank from the foul duty and hid himself in blind darkness.
Aen. 7.620Tum rēgīna deum caelō dēlapsa morantīs
impulit ipsa manū portās, et cardine versō
bellī ferrātōs rumpit Sāturnia postēs.
Then the queen of the gods, gliding down from heaven, with her own hand pushed the lingering gates, and, turning them on their hinge, Saturn's daughter burst the iron-bound doors of war.
Aen. 7.623Ārdet inexcīta Ausonia atque immōbilis ante;Ausonia, unroused and unmoved before, is ablaze; Aen. 7.624Pars pedes īre parat campīs, pars arduus altīs
625pulverulentus equīs furit;
some get ready to go on foot over the plains, some, high on tall horses, rage in the dust;
Aen. 7.625omnēs arma requīrunt.all call for arms. Aen. 7.626Pars levis clipeōs et spīcula lūcida tergent
arvīnā pinguī subiguntque in cōte secūrēs;
Some polish smooth shields and bright javelins with rich fat, and whet axes on the grindstone;
Aen. 7.628signaque ferre iuvat sonitūsque audīre tubārum.they delight to carry standards and to hear the sound of trumpets.

Aen. 7.629Quīnque adeō magnae positīs incūdibus urbēs
630tēla novant, Atīna potēns Tīburque superbum,
Ardea Crustumerīque et turrigerae Antemnae.
Indeed, five great cities set up anvils and forge new weapons: mighty Atina, and proud Tibur, Ardea and Crustumeri and towered Antemnae.
Aen. 7.632Tegmina tūta cavant capitum flectuntque salignās
umbōnum crātīs;
They hollow out safe coverings for heads, and bend willow frames for shield bosses;
Aen. 7.633aliī thōrācas aēnōs
aut levīs ocreās lentō dūcunt argentō;
others beat out bronze breastplates or smooth greaves from pliant silver;
Aen. 7.635vōmeris hūc et falcis honōs, hūc omnis arātrī
cessit amor;
to this the honour of the ploughshare and the sickle, to this all love of the plough has given way;
Aen. 7.636recoquunt patriōs fornācibus ēnsēs.they re-forge their fathers' swords in furnaces. Aen. 7.637Classica iamque sonant;And now the war trumpets sound; Aen. 7.637it bellō tessera signum.the password goes round, the signal for war. Aen. 7.638Hic galeam tēctīs trepidus rapit, ille frementīs
ad iuga cōgit equōs clipeumque aurōque trilīcem
640lōrīcam induitur fīdōque accingitur ēnse.
One snatches a helmet from his house in haste, another forces snorting horses to the yoke, and puts on his shield and his mail of triple gold, and girds himself with his trusty sword.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (187 words)
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
Hesperius, -a, -umwestern; terra Hesperia: the western land, Italy
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
urbs, urbis, f.city
Albānus, -a, -umAlban, of Alba Longa; mōns Albānus: the Alban Mount; (m. pl. as noun) the Albans
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
nunc, adv.now
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
manus, -ūs, f.hand
lacrimābilis, -epitiable, lamentable; tearful
bellum, -ī, n.war
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
aurōra, -ae f.dawn
que, enclitic conj.and
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
reposcō, -eredemand back, claim
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
sīc, adv.so, thus
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
religiō, -ōnis f.religious scruple, religious duty
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
aereus, -a, -umof bronze
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
vectis, -is m.lever, crowbar
aeternus, -a, -umeverlasting, eternal
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
absistō, -ere, abstitīstand away from, keep off
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
pater, patris, m.father
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
Quirīnālis, -eof Quirinus; collis Quirīnālis, the Quirinal hill
trabea, -ae f.trabea, a striped robe worn by kings and knights
cīnctus, -ūs m.girding, way of wearing the toga; cinctus Gabinus: a ritual girding
Gabīnus, -a, -umof Gabii
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
reserō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusunbar, unlock, open
strīdeō, -ēre, strīdīgrate, gnash; strīdēre dentibus: grind the teeth
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
tum, adv.then, at that time
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
pūbēs, -erisadult, grown-up (of men of military age)
assēnsus (adsēnsus), -ūs m.agreement, approval, assent
cōnspīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumagree, plot together
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
raucus, -a, -umhoarse; harsh-sounding, clanging
indīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumproclaim, call (a meeting)
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
reclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsumopen up, disclose; uncover
abstineō, -ēre, abstinuī, abstentumkeep away, hold back (from)
tāctus, -ūs m.touch
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
refugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee back, run away, retreat
foedus, -a, -umfoul, loathsome, hideous
ministerium, -ī n.service, office, duty
caecus, -a, -umblind
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
rēgīna, -ae, f.queen
deus, -ī, m.god
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
dēlābor, -lābī, -lapsusslip or fall down
moror, -ārī, -ātusdelay, linger, stay
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
cardō, -inis m.hinge (the pivot on which an ancient door turned)
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
ferrātus, -a, -umtipped or shod with iron
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
Sāturnius, -a, -umof Saturn; Sāturnia arva: Italy, where Saturn once reigned
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
inexcītus, -a, -umunroused, quiet, peaceful
Ausonius, -a, -umAusonian, Italian (Ausonia: a poetic name for Italy)
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
immōbilis (inmōbilis), -emotionless, immovable
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
arduus, -a, -umsteep, difficult
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
pulverulentus, -a, -umdusty
equus, -ī, m.horse
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
omnis, -eall, every
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
levis, -elight, slight
clipeus, -ī m. (also clipeum, -ī n.)round bronze shield
spīculum, -ī n.point, sharp tip; dart, arrow
lūcidus, -a, -umbright, shining; clear
tergeō, -ēre, tersī, tersuswipe, clean
arvīna, -ae f.grease, lard, fat
pinguis, -efat
subigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctusbring under, subdue; force, compel
cōs, cōtis f.rock, crag
secūris, -is f.axe (the axes in the fasces, sign of Roman power)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
sonitus, -ūs, m.sound, noise
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
tuba, -ae f.trumpet
quīnquefive
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
incūs, -ūdis f.anvil
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
novō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake new; rēs novāre: bring about a revolution
potēns, -entispowerful
superbus, -a, -umproud, arrogant, haughty
turriger, -era, -erumcrowned with towers, turreted
tegimen (tegumen), -inis n.covering, protection
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
cavō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushollow out
caput, capitis, n.head
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
salignus, -a, -umof willow wood
umbō, -ōnis m.boss (of a shield)
crātis, -is f.wickerwork, hurdle
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
thōrāx, -ācis m.breastplate, cuirass
aēnus, -a, -umof bronze (poetic for aēneus)
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
ocrea, -ae f.greave, leg armour
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
argentum, -ī, n.silver
vōmer, -eris m.ploughshare
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
falx, falcis, f.sickle; curved sword, falchion
honor, -ōris, m.honor
arātrum, -ī n.plough
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
amor, -ōris, m.love
recoquō, -ere, -coxī, -coctuscook again; reforge, smelt again
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
fornāx, -ācis f.furnace, kiln, oven
ēnsis, -is m.sword (a poetic word)
classicum, -ī n.trumpet signal (sounded at the commander's quarters)
iam, adv.now, already
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
tessera, -ae f.a token; the tablet carrying the watchword; the watchword
galea, -ae, f.helmet
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
fremō, -ere, -uī, -itumroar, growl; grumble (in + acc.: at)
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
aurum, -ī, n.gold
trilīx, -īciswoven with triple thread
lōrīca, -ae f.breastplate; breastwork, parapet
induō, induere, induī, indūtusput on; clothe
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
accingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird on; (pass.) gird oneself, get ready
Vergil, Aeneid VII. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.