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Vergil · Aeneid V

Aeneid 5.183–224

Mnestheus overtakes Sergestus and Gyas

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Aen. 5.183Hīc laeta extrēmīs spēs est accēnsa duōbus,
Sergestō Mnēstheīque, Gyān superāre morantem.
At this a happy hope was kindled in the last two, Sergestus and Mnestheus, of passing Gyas as he lagged.
Aen. 5.185Sergestus capit ante locum scopulōque propinquat,
nec tōtā tamen ille prior praeeunte carīnā;
Sergestus takes the lead and draws near the rock, yet he is not ahead by a whole keel's length;
Aen. 5.187parte prior, partem rōstrō premit aemula Pristis.he is ahead by part, and the rival Pristis presses on part with her beak. Aen. 5.188At mediā sociōs incēdēns nāve per ipsōs
hortātur Mnēstheus: Nunc, nunc īnsurgite remīs,
190Hectoreī sociī, Troiae quōs sorte suprēmā
dēlēgī comitēs;
But Mnestheus, striding amidships among his comrades themselves, urges them on: 'Now, now rise to the oars, comrades of Hector, whom I chose as companions in Troy's last hour;
Aen. 5.191nunc illās prōmite vīrēs,
nunc animōs, quibus in Gaetūlīs Syrtibus ūsī,
Īoniōque marī Maleaeque sequācibus undīs.
now bring out that strength, now that courage, which you used in the Gaetulian Syrtes, on the Ionian sea and in the pursuing waves of Malea.
Aen. 5.194Nōn iam prīma petō Mnēstheus, neque vincere certō;I, Mnestheus, no longer seek first place, nor strive to win; Aen. 5.195quamquam Ō!—sed superent, quibus hoc, Neptūne, dedistī;and yet, oh!—but let those win to whom you, Neptune, have granted this; Aen. 5.196extrēmōs pudeat rediisse;let it be shameful to come back last; Aen. 5.196hoc vincite, cīvēs,
et prohibēte nefās.
win this at least, fellow citizens, and prevent the disgrace.'
Aen. 5.197Ollī certāmine summō
prōcumbunt;
They bend forward with the utmost effort;
Aen. 5.198vāstīs tremit ictibus aerea puppis,
subtrahiturque sōlum;
the bronze stern trembles at their mighty strokes, and the sea-floor slips away beneath;
Aen. 5.199tum crēber anhēlitus artūs
200āridaque ōra quatit, sūdor fluit undique rīvīs.
then quick panting shakes their limbs and parched mouths, and sweat flows everywhere in streams.

Aen. 5.201Attulit ipse virīs optātum cāsus honōrem.Chance itself brought the men the honour they longed for. Aen. 5.202Namque furēns animī dum prōram ad saxa suburguet
interior, spatiōque subit Sergestus inīquō,
īnfēlīx saxīs in prōcurrentibus haesit.
For while Sergestus, wild at heart, drives his prow on towards the rocks on the inside and enters the dangerous space, unlucky, he stuck fast on the jutting rocks.
Aen. 5.205Concussae cautēs, et acūtō in mūrice remī
obnīxī crepuēre, inlīsaque prōra pependit.
The crags were shaken, the oars, straining against the sharp reef, cracked, and the prow, dashed upon it, hung there.
Aen. 5.207Cōnsurgunt nautae et magnō clamōre morantur,
ferrātāsque trūdēs et acūtā cuspide contōs
expediunt, frāctōsque legunt in gurgite remōs.
The sailors leap up and with loud shouts come to a halt, and get out iron-shod poles and sharp-pointed boathooks, and gather up the broken oars in the flood.
Aen. 5.210At laetus Mnēstheus successūque ācrior ipsō
agmine remōrum celerī ventīsque vocātīs
prōna petit maria et pelagō dēcurrit apertō.
But Mnestheus, glad and keener for his very success, with a swift sweep of oars and calling on the winds, makes for the sloping waters and runs down the open sea.

Aen. 5.213Quālis spēluncā subitō commōta columba,
cui domus et dulcēs latebrōsō in pūmice nīdī,
215fertur in arva volāns, plausumque exterrita pennīs
dat tēctō ingentem, mox āere lapsa quiētō
rādit iter liquidum, celerēs neque commovet alās:
sīc Mnēstheus, sīc ipsa fugā secat ultima Pristis
aequora, sīc illam fert impetus ipse volantem.
As a dove, suddenly startled from a cave, whose home and sweet nest are in the hollows of the rock, flies off towards the fields and, terrified, gives a loud clapping of wings in her dwelling, then, gliding through the quiet air, skims her liquid path and does not move her swift wings: so Mnestheus, so the Pristis herself cuts through the last stretch of water in her flight, so her very momentum carries her flying.
Aen. 5.220Et prīmum in scopulō luctantem dēserit altō
Sergestum, brevibusque vadīs frūstrāque vocantem
auxilia, et frāctīs discentem currere remīs
Inde Gyān ipsamque ingentī mōle Chimaeram
cōnsequitur;
And first he leaves behind Sergestus, struggling on the high rock and in the shallows, calling vainly for help and learning to race with broken oars. Then he overtakes Gyas and the Chimaera herself with her huge bulk;
Aen. 5.224cēdit, quoniam spoliāta magistrō est.she gives way, since she is robbed of her helmsman.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (190 words)
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
spēs, speī, f.hope
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
que, enclitic conj.and
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
moror, -ārī, -ātusdelay, linger, stay
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
scopulus, -ī m.rock, crag, reef
propinquō, -āre, -āvīdraw near, approach
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
praeeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo before, lead the way
carīna, -ae f.keel; hull
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
rōstrum, -ī, n.beak
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
aemulus, -a, -umrivalling; (as noun) a rival
pristis, -is f.sea monster, whale; (name of a ship) the Pristis
at, conj.but
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
nāvis, -is, f.ship
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
hortor, -ārī, -ātusexhort, encourage, urge
nunc, adv.now
īnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, rise to (a blow); rise against
rēmus, -ī, m.oar
Hectoreus, -a, -umof Hector; (poetic) Trojan
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sors, sortis, f.lot
suprēmus, -a, -umhighest, last
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
prōmō, prōmere, prōmpsī, prōmptustake or bring out, produce
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
Gaetūlus, -a, -umGaetulian, of the Gaetuli, a people of north-west Africa
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
Īonius, -a, -umIonian; Īonium mare: the Ionian Sea
mare, maris, n.sea
sequāx, -ācisfollowing closely, pursuing; pliant, clinging
unda, -ae, f.wave
nōn, adv.not
iam, adv.now, already
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
certō, adv.with certainty, for certain, certainly
quamquam, conj.however much, although
ō (interj.)O! oh!
sed, conj.but
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
pudet, -ēre, puduit (impers.)it shames, one is ashamed
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
prōcumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumfall down, sink down
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
tremō, -ere, -uītremble, shake
īctus, -ūs, m.blow
aereus, -a, -umof bronze
puppis, -is f.stern of a ship
subtrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumtake away, withdraw
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
tum, adv.then, at that time
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
anhēlitus, -ūs m.panting, breath
artūs, -uum m. pl.joints; limbs, body
āridus, -a, -umdry; as a noun (āridum, -ī n.): dry land
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
quatiō, -ere, —, quassusshake, beat
sūdor, -ōris m.sweat; toil
fluō, -ere, flūxīflow
undique, adv.from or on all sides
rīvus, -ī m.stream, brook
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
vir, virī, m.man
optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswish for, desire; pray for
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
honor, -ōris, m.honor
namque, conj.for
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
prōra, -ae, f.prow, bow
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
suburgueō, -ēredrive close up to
interior, -ius, adj.interior, inner
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
inīquus, -a, -umuneven; unfair
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
prōcurrō, -ere, prōcucurrīrun forward, charge
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
concutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake violently; shake, weaken
cautēs, -is f.rough rock, crag
acūtus, -a, -umsharp, pointed
mūrex, -icis m.the purple-fish; purple dye
obnītor, -ī, -nīxus sumpush or strain against; struggle, resist
crepō, -āre, -uī, -itusburst with a crash; rattle, rustle, crackle
inlīdō, -ere, -līsī, -līsusdash (against)
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
cōnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctusrise together, stand up
nauta, -ae, m.sailor
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
ferrātus, -a, -umtipped or shod with iron
trūdō, -ere, trūsī, trūsuspush, thrust, shove
cuspis, -idis f.point, tip (of a spear or arrow)
contus, -ī m.pole
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctusbreak; dash to pieces, wreck
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
gurges, -itis m.whirlpool; the deep, the sea
successus, -ūs m.outcome, success
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
celer, celeris, celereswift, quick
ventus, -ī, m.wind
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
prōnus, -a, -umleaning forward; inclined, prone (to)
pelagus, -ī n.the sea, the open sea
dēcurrō, -currere, -cucurrī, -cursusrun down
apertus, -a, -umopen
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
spēlunca, -ae, f.cave, cavern
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove, rouse; disturb
columba, -ae, f.pigeon, dove
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
dulcis, -esweet
latebrōsus, -a, -umfull of hiding places, porous
pūmex, -icis m.pumice stone
nīdus, -ī m.nest
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrusfly
plausus, -ūs, m.applause
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
penna, -ae f.feather; (pl.) wings
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
mox, adv.soon
āēr, āeris, m.air
lābor, lābī, lapsusslip, glide, fall
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
rādō, -ere, rāsī, rāsumshave, scrape
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
ala, -ae, f.wing
sīc, adv.so, thus
fuga, -ae, f.flight
secō, -āre, secuī, sectuscut; (of fodder) mow
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
luctor, -ārī, -ātuswrestle, struggle
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
brevis, -eshort
vadum, -ī n.ford, shallow place
frūstrā, adv.in vain
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
discō, discere, didicīlearn
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursusrun
inde (adv.)from there; then
mōlēs, -is f.mass; dam, breakwater
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
quoniam, conj.since now, since
spoliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, rob
magister, -trī, m.master
Vergil, Aeneid V. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.