| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| dūrus, -a, -um | hard; harsh; difficult |
| certāmen, -minis, n. | struggle, contest |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātus | bring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way |
| medius, -a, -um | mid, middle |
| fretum, -ī, n. | strait |
| nox, noctis, f. | night |
| secō, -āre, secuī, sectus | cut; (of fodder) mow |
| namque, conj. | for |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| ingredior, -ī, ingressus sum | go into, enter |
| Etrūscus, -a, -um | Etruscan |
| rēx, rēgis, m. | king |
| adeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go to, approach |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | remind of, mention |
| nōmen, -minis, n. | name (that by which one is known) |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| quis, quid, interrog. pron. | who? which? what? |
| petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītus | seek, ask; attack |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus | bear, bring |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj. | what? |
| conciliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | win over; win, obtain |
| violentus, -a, -um | violent, forceful |
| pectus, pectoris, n. | breast |
| ēdoceō, -ēre, -docuī, -doctum | inform thoroughly, explain |
| hūmānus, -a, -um | of man, human |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| fīdūcia, -ae f. | confidence, trust, reliance |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | remind, warn, advise |
| immisceō, -ēre, -miscuī, -mixtus | mix in; (reflexive) vanish into, mingle with |
| prex, precis f. (usu. pl.) | prayer, entreaty |
| haud, adv. | not at all, by no means, not |
| fīō, fierī, factus sum | be done or made, become, happen |
| mora, -ae, f. | delay |
| iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctus | join; yoke, harness |
| ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -um | help; (pl.) resources, wealth, power |
| foedus, -eris n. | treaty, alliance |
| feriō, -īre | strike, hit |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| līber, lībera, līberum | free |
| fātum, -ī, n. | destiny, fate |
| classis, -is f. | fleet |
| cōnscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsus | climb; nāvem cōnscendere, to climb the ship, go on board, embark |
| iussum, -ī, n. | order, command |
| gēns, gentis, f. | race, nation |
| dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom) | god |
| externus, -a, -um | outside, foreign |
| committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle |
| dux, ducis, m. and f. | leader, commander |
| Aenēius, -a, -um | of Aeneas |
| puppis, -is f. | stern of a ship |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tus | hold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop |
| rōstrum, -ī, n. | beak |
| Phrygius, -a, -um | Phrygian, of Phrygia in central Asia Minor |
| subiungō, -ere, -iūnxī, -iūnctus | harness, yoke beneath; subject, subdue |
| leō, -ōnis, m. | lion |
| immineō, -ēre | hang over; threaten, be close at hand |
| super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.) | over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning |
| profugus, -a, -um | fleeing, fugitive; wandering |
| grātus, -a, -um | pleasing, grateful |
| hīc, adv. | here; hereupon |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessus | sit |
| volūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | roll, turn over; passive: roll about, writhe |
| ēventus, -ūs m. | outcome, result |
| varius, -a, -um | various |
| sinister, -tra, -trum | left |
| affīgō, -ere, -fīxī, -fīxum | fasten to |
| latus, lateris n. | side, flank |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus | seek; ask, inquire |
| sīdus, -eris n. | star, constellation |
| opācus, -a, -um | shady, dark |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| patior, patī, passus, bear | suffer, allow |
| terra, -ae, f. | land, earth |
| mare, maris, n. | sea |