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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.31

Mutiny against Valens

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Hist. 2.31.1Haec ferōciter iactandō, postquam immissīs līctōribus Valēns coercēre sēditiōnem coeptābat, ipsum invādunt, saxa iaciunt, fugientem sequuntur.As they were fiercely uttering such things, and Valens, sending in his lictors, began trying to check the mutiny, they attack the man himself, throw stones and chase him as he flees. Hist. 2.31.1Spolia Galliārum et Viennēnsium aurum, pretia labōrum suōrum, occultāre clāmitantēs, dīreptīs sarcinīs tabernācula ducis ipsamque humum pīlīs et lanceīs rīmābantur;Shouting that he was hiding the spoils of the Gauls and the gold of the people of Vienne, the rewards of their labours, they plundered his baggage and searched the general's tents and the very ground with javelins and lances; Hist. 2.31.1nam Valēns servīlī veste apud decuriōnem equitum tegēbātur.for Valens, in a slave's clothing, was hiding with a decurion of the cavalry. Hist. 2.31.1Tum Alfēnus Vārus praefectus castrōrum, dēflagrante paulātim sēditiōne, addit cōnsilium, vetitīs obīre vigiliās centuriōnibus, omissō tubae sonō, quō mīles ad bellī mūnia ciētur.Then Alfenus Varus, the camp prefect, as the mutiny gradually burned itself out, adds a device of his own: the centurions were forbidden to go round the watches, and the trumpet-call, by which the soldiers are summoned to their military duties, was left off.

Hist. 2.31.1Igitur torpēre cūnctī, circumspectāre inter sē attonitī et id ipsum quod nēmō regeret paventēs;So all were paralysed, looked round at one another in bewilderment, frightened by the very fact that no one was in command; Hist. 2.31.1silentiō, patientiā, postrēmō precibus ac lacrimīs veniam quaerēbant.by silence, by submission and at last by prayers and tears they sought pardon. Hist. 2.31.1Ut vērō dēfōrmis et flēns et praeter spem incolumis Valēns prōcessit, gaudium miserātiō favor: versī in laetitiam, ut est vulgus utrōque immodicum, laudantēs grātantēsque circumdatum aquilīs signīsque in tribūnal ferunt.But when Valens came forward, disfigured and weeping and, beyond all hope, unharmed, there was joy, pity and goodwill: turned to gladness, as a crowd is immoderate in either direction, praising and congratulating him, they carry him, surrounded by the eagles and standards, to the tribunal. Hist. 2.31.1Ille ūtilī moderātiōne nōn supplicium cuiusquam poposcit, ac nē dissimulāns suspectior foret, paucōs incūsāvit, gnārus cīvīlibus bellīs plūs mīlitibus quam ducibus licēre.He, with useful moderation, demanded no one's punishment, but, so as not to be more suspect by dissembling, he rebuked a few, knowing that in civil wars more licence is allowed to soldiers than to generals.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (121 words)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ferōciter (adv.)fiercely, defiantly
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
immittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or let in
līctor, -ōris m.lictor, an attendant carrying the rods (fascēs) before a magistrate
coerceō, -ēre, coercuī, coercitumrestrain, keep in check
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
coeptō, -āre, -āvībegin, attempt, undertake
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
aurum, -ī, n.gold
pretium, -ī, n.price, charge
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
occultō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhide, conceal
clāmitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall out
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
sarcina, -ae f.pack; (pl.) soldiers' kit
tabernāculum, -ī n.tent
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
que, enclitic conj.and
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
pīlum, -ī n.javelin (the Roman heavy spear)
lancea, -ae f.lance, spear
rīmor, -ārī, -ātus sumprobe, search into
nam, conj.for
servīlis, -eof slaves (servīlis tumultus: slave revolt)
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
decuriō, -ōnis m.cavalry officer, decurion
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
tum, adv.then, at that time
praefectus, -ī m.commander, officer
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
dēflagrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusburn down, be destroyed by fire
paulātim (adv.)little by little, gradually
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitumforbid
obeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to meet; attend to, carry out
vigilia, -ae, f.watch
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
tuba, -ae f.trumpet
sonus, -ī m.sound
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
bellum, -ī, n.war
mūnia, -ium n. pl.duties, official functions
cieō, ciēre, cīvī, citusset in motion, stir up; pugnam ciēre: start the fight
igitur, conj.therefore
torpeō, -ērebe numb, be paralysed
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
circumspectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook round (at), keep looking about; watch for
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
attonitus, -a, -umthunderstruck, astonished
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quod, conj.that, in that, because
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
paveō, -ēre, pāvībe terrified, tremble
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
patientia, -ae f.endurance, hardiness
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
venia, -ae f.pardon, forgiveness
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
dēfōrmis, -emisshapen, ugly
fleō, -ēre, flēvī, flētumweep
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
spēs, speī, f.hope
incolumis, -eunhurt, safe
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
gaudium, -ī, n.gladness, joy
miserātiō, -ōnis f.pity, compassion
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
utrōque (adv.)to both places, in both directions
immodicus, -a, -umexcessive, unrestrained
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
grātor, -ārī, -ātus sumcongratulate; rejoice with (+ dat.)
circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datusput around, surround
aquila, -ae f.eagle; the eagle standard of a legion
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
tribūnal, -ālis n.platform, tribunal (where a magistrate sat to judge)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ūtilis, -euseful, advantageous
moderātiō, -ōnis f.restraint, moderation, self-control; control, management
nōn, adv.not
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
dissimulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushide, disguise, pretend not to notice
suspectus, -a, -umsuspected, mistrusted
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
incūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumblame, rebuke
gnārus, -a, -umknowing, acquainted with, expert (in)
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
plūs (adv.)more
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.